Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōkstabaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *bōkastabô

Etymology

From *bōks (“book”) +‎ *stabaz (“staff, stick”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɔːkˌstɑ.βɑz/

Noun

*bōkstabaz m

1. a staff made of beechwood
2. letter of the alphabet

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *bōkstabaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*bōkstabaz	*bōkstabōz, *bōkstabōs
vocative	*bōkstab	*bōkstabōz, *bōkstabōs
accusative	*bōkstabą	*bōkstabanz
genitive	*bōkstabas, *bōkstabis	*bōkstabǫ̂
dative	*bōkstabai	*bōkstabamaz
instrumental	*bōkstabō	*bōkstabamiz

Related terms

• *rūnōstabaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *bōkstab; *bōkstabō
  • Old English: bōcstæf
    • Middle English: bocstaff, bookstave
      • English: bookstaff, bookstave
  • Old Frisian: *bōkstaf, *bōkstef
    • North Frisian:

      Amrum Frisian: buksteew

      Föhr Frisian: buksteew

      Halligen Frisian: böökstaawe

      Karrharde Frisian: bouksteew

      Northern Goesharde Frisian: boukstää

      Sylt Frisian: Boksteev

      Wiedingharde Frisian: bukstääw

    • Saterland Frisian: Boukstäf
  • Old Saxon: bōkstaf; bōkstabo
    • Middle Low German: bôkstaf; *bôkstāve
      • German Low German: Bookstaav
      • Plautdietsch: Buakstow
  • Old Dutch: buokstaf, buochstaf; *buokstavo
    • Middle Dutch: boecstaf; boecstave, boecstaef
      • Dutch: boekstaaf
        • Afrikaans: boekstaaf
  • Old High German: buohstab; *buohstabo
    • Middle High German: buochstap; buochstabe
      • German: Buchstab; Buchstabe
        • → Saterland Frisian: Buukstoave
      • Hunsrik: Buchstaab
      • Luxembourgish: Buschtaf
      • Vilamovian: büchśtaow, büśtow
      • Yiddish: בוכשטאַב (bukhshtab)
• Old Norse: bókstafr
  • Icelandic: bókstafur
  • Faroese: bókstavur
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bokstav
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bokstav
  • Old Swedish: bōkstaver
    • Swedish: bokstav
  • Danish: bogstav
  • Gutnish: bokstav