Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kulukaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *kulkaz

Etymology

From a base derived from Proto-Indo-European *gel-, *gʷel- (“to devour; gullet”) +‎ *-ukaz (diminutive suffix).

Noun

*kulukaz m

1. a hollow, depression, or well
2. trench, gully; pit

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *kulukaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kulukaz	*kulukōz, *kulukōs
vocative	*kuluk	*kulukōz, *kulukōs
accusative	*kuluką	*kulukanz
genitive	*kulukas, *kulukis	*kulukǫ̂
dative	*kulukai	*kulukamaz
instrumental	*kulukō	*kulukamiz

Related terms

• *kelǭ
• *kelukô

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kolk, *koluk
  • Old English: *colc
    • >? Middle English: colk
      • >? English: coke
      • ⇒? Middle English: colkenen (“to gasp, gulp”)
        • >? Scots: cowk (“to retch, vomit”)
  • Old Frisian: kolk
    • Saterland Frisian: Kolk
    • West Frisian: kolk
  • Old Saxon: *kolk
    • Middle Low German: kolk, kulk
      • German Low German: Kolk
      • → Middle High German: kolc
        • German: Kolk
          • ⇒ German: kolken (“to gulp”), (dialectal) kölken, kolksen (“to vomit”)
      • →⇒ Danish: kulke (“to swallow, gulp”)
  • Old Dutch: *kolk
    • Middle Dutch: colc, culc, colck
      • Dutch: kolk
        • → English: kolk
      • ⇒ Dutch: kolken (“to belch”)