Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dusmenḗs
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European edit
Etymology edit
From *dus- (“bad”) + *ménes- (“mind, thought”) + *-s.
Adjective edit
- ill-disposed
- Antonym: *h₁sumenḗs
Inflection edit
Masculine/feminine Inflection:
| Athematic, acrostatic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *dusmenḗs | ||
| genitive | *dusmenésos | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *dusmenḗs | *dusmenésh₁(e) | *dusmenéses |
| vocative | *dusmenés | *dusmenésh₁(e) | *dusmenéses |
| accusative | *dusmenésm̥ | *dusmenésh₁(e) | *dusmenésm̥s |
| genitive | *dusmenésos | *? | *dusmenésoHom |
| ablative | *dusmenésos | *? | *dusmenésmos |
| dative | *dusmenésey | *? | *dusmenésmos |
| locative | *dusmenés, *dusmenési | *? | *dusmenésu |
| instrumental | *dusmenésh₁ | *? | *dusmenésmis |
Neuter inflection:
| Athematic, acrostatic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *dusménes | ||
| genitive | *dusménesos | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *dusménes | *dusménesih₁ | *dusménēs |
| vocative | *dusménes | *dusménesih₁ | *dusménēs |
| accusative | *dusménes | *dusménesih₁ | *dusménēs |
| genitive | *dusménesos | *? | *dusménesoHom |
| ablative | *dusménesos | *? | *dusménesmos |
| dative | *dusménesey | *? | *dusménesmos |
| locative | *dusménes, *dusménesi | *? | *dusménesu |
| instrumental | *dusménesh₁ | *? | *dusménesmis |
Descendants edit
- Proto-Hellenic: *dusmenḗs (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dušmanā́s m
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmanā́s
- Sanskrit: दुर्मनास् (durmanā́s)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmanā́s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dušmánas (< *dus-ménos) (see there for further descendants)
References edit
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 310
- ^ Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-Stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)[1], New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 161
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 283