Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dusmenḗs
Proto-Indo-European
editEtymology
editFrom *dus- (“bad”) + *ménes- (“mind, thought”) + *-s.
Adjective
edit- ill-disposed
- Antonym: *h₁sumenḗs
Inflection
editMasculine/feminine Inflection:
Athematic, acrostatic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *dusmenḗs | ||
genitive | *dusmenésos | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *dusmenḗs | *dusmenésh₁(e) | *dusmenéses |
vocative | *dusmenés | *dusmenésh₁(e) | *dusmenéses |
accusative | *dusmenésm̥ | *dusmenésh₁(e) | *dusmenésm̥s |
genitive | *dusmenésos | *? | *dusmenésoHom |
ablative | *dusmenésos | *? | *dusmenésmos |
dative | *dusmenésey | *? | *dusmenésmos |
locative | *dusmenés, *dusmenési | *? | *dusmenésu |
instrumental | *dusmenésh₁ | *? | *dusmenésmis |
Neuter inflection:
Athematic, acrostatic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *dusménes | ||
genitive | *dusménesos | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *dusménes | *dusménesih₁ | *dusménēs |
vocative | *dusménes | *dusménesih₁ | *dusménēs |
accusative | *dusménes | *dusménesih₁ | *dusménēs |
genitive | *dusménesos | *? | *dusménesoHom |
ablative | *dusménesos | *? | *dusménesmos |
dative | *dusménesey | *? | *dusménesmos |
locative | *dusménes, *dusménesi | *? | *dusménesu |
instrumental | *dusménesh₁ | *? | *dusménesmis |
Descendants
edit- Proto-Hellenic: *dusmenḗs (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dušmanā́s m
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmanā́s
- Sanskrit: दुर्मनास् (durmanā́s)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmanā́s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dušmánas (< *dus-ménos) (see there for further descendants)
References
edit- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 310
- ^ Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-Stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)[1], New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 161
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 283