Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰoréyeti
Proto-Indo-European
editEtymology
editFrom *gʷʰer- (“hot, warm”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).
Verb
edit*gʷʰoréyeti (imperfective)[1]
- to heat
Inflection
editImperfective, thematic | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3rd singular | *gʷʰoréyeti | ||||
3rd plural | *gʷʰoréyonti | ||||
Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *gʷʰoréyoh₂ | *gʷʰoréyom | — | *gʷʰoréyōh₂ | *gʷʰoréyoyh₁m̥ |
2nd singular | *gʷʰoréyesi | *gʷʰoréyes | *gʷʰoréye | *gʷʰoréyēsi | *gʷʰoréyoys |
3rd singular | *gʷʰoréyeti | *gʷʰoréyet | *gʷʰoréyetu | *gʷʰoréyēti | *gʷʰoréyoyt |
1st dual | *gʷʰoréyowos | *gʷʰoréyowe | — | *gʷʰoréyōwos | *gʷʰoréyoywe |
2nd dual | *gʷʰoréyetes | *gʷʰoréyetom | *gʷʰoréyetom | *gʷʰoréyētes | *gʷʰoréyoytom |
3rd dual | *gʷʰoréyetes | *gʷʰoréyetām | *gʷʰoréyetām | *gʷʰoréyētes | *gʷʰoréyoytām |
1st plural | *gʷʰoréyomos | *gʷʰoréyome | — | *gʷʰoréyōmos | *gʷʰoréyoyme |
2nd plural | *gʷʰoréyete | *gʷʰoréyete | *gʷʰoréyete | *gʷʰoréyēte | *gʷʰoréyoyte |
3rd plural | *gʷʰoréyonti | *gʷʰoréyont | *gʷʰoréyontu | *gʷʰoréyōnti | *gʷʰoréyoyh₁n̥t |
Participle | *gʷʰoréyonts | ||||
Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *gʷʰoréyoh₂er | *gʷʰoréyoh₂e | — | *gʷʰoréyōh₂er | *gʷʰoréyoyh₂e |
2nd singular | *gʷʰoréyeth₂er | *gʷʰoréyeth₂e | *gʷʰoréyeso | *gʷʰoréyēth₂er | *gʷʰoréyoyth₂e |
3rd singular | *gʷʰoréyetor | *gʷʰoréyeto | *? | *gʷʰoréyētor | *gʷʰoréyoyto, *gʷʰoréyoyh₁o |
1st dual | *gʷʰoréyowosdʰh₂ | *gʷʰoréyowedʰh₂ | — | *gʷʰoréyōwosdʰh₂ | *gʷʰoréyoywedʰh₂ |
2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
1st plural | *gʷʰoréyomosdʰh₂ | *gʷʰoréyomedʰh₂ | — | *gʷʰoréyōmosdʰh₂ | *gʷʰoréyoymedʰh₂ |
2nd plural | *gʷʰoréyedʰh₂we | *gʷʰoréyedʰh₂we | *gʷʰoréyedʰh₂we | *gʷʰoréyēdʰh₂we | *gʷʰoréyoydʰh₂we |
3rd plural | *gʷʰoréyoror, *gʷʰoréyontor | *gʷʰoréyoro, *gʷʰoréyonto | *? | *gʷʰoréyōror, *gʷʰoréyōntor | *gʷʰoréyoyro, *gʷʰoréyoyh₁n̥to |
Participle | *gʷʰoréyomnos |
Descendants
edit- Proto-Celtic: *gʷorīti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰaráyati (though the absence of Brugmann's law lengthening to produce *gʰāráyati implies that this formation may be secondary or that some leveling occurred)[2]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gʰaráyati
References
edit- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 219-220
- ^ Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰoréyeti”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 376.