Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰoréyeti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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From *gʷʰer- (hot, warm) +‎ *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).

Verb

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*gʷʰoréyeti (imperfective)[1]

  1. to heat

Inflection

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Imperfective, thematic
3rd singular *gʷʰoréyeti
3rd plural *gʷʰoréyonti
Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *gʷʰoréyoh₂ *gʷʰoréyom *gʷʰoréyōh₂ *gʷʰoréyoyh₁m̥
2nd singular *gʷʰoréyesi *gʷʰoréyes *gʷʰoréye *gʷʰoréyēsi *gʷʰoréyoys
3rd singular *gʷʰoréyeti *gʷʰoréyet *gʷʰoréyetu *gʷʰoréyēti *gʷʰoréyoyt
1st dual *gʷʰoréyowos *gʷʰoréyowe *gʷʰoréyōwos *gʷʰoréyoywe
2nd dual *gʷʰoréyetes *gʷʰoréyetom *gʷʰoréyetom *gʷʰoréyētes *gʷʰoréyoytom
3rd dual *gʷʰoréyetes *gʷʰoréyetām *gʷʰoréyetām *gʷʰoréyētes *gʷʰoréyoytām
1st plural *gʷʰoréyomos *gʷʰoréyome *gʷʰoréyōmos *gʷʰoréyoyme
2nd plural *gʷʰoréyete *gʷʰoréyete *gʷʰoréyete *gʷʰoréyēte *gʷʰoréyoyte
3rd plural *gʷʰoréyonti *gʷʰoréyont *gʷʰoréyontu *gʷʰoréyōnti *gʷʰoréyoyh₁n̥t
Participle *gʷʰoréyonts
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *gʷʰoréyoh₂er *gʷʰoréyoh₂e *gʷʰoréyōh₂er *gʷʰoréyoyh₂e
2nd singular *gʷʰoréyeth₂er *gʷʰoréyeth₂e *gʷʰoréyeso *gʷʰoréyēth₂er *gʷʰoréyoyth₂e
3rd singular *gʷʰoréyetor *gʷʰoréyeto *? *gʷʰoréyētor *gʷʰoréyoyto, *gʷʰoréyoyh₁o
1st dual *gʷʰoréyowosdʰh₂ *gʷʰoréyowedʰh₂ *gʷʰoréyōwosdʰh₂ *gʷʰoréyoywedʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *gʷʰoréyomosdʰh₂ *gʷʰoréyomedʰh₂ *gʷʰoréyōmosdʰh₂ *gʷʰoréyoymedʰh₂
2nd plural *gʷʰoréyedʰh₂we *gʷʰoréyedʰh₂we *gʷʰoréyedʰh₂we *gʷʰoréyēdʰh₂we *gʷʰoréyoydʰh₂we
3rd plural *gʷʰoréyoror, *gʷʰoréyontor *gʷʰoréyoro, *gʷʰoréyonto *? *gʷʰoréyōror, *gʷʰoréyōntor *gʷʰoréyoyro, *gʷʰoréyoyh₁n̥to
Participle *gʷʰoréyomnos

Descendants

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  • Proto-Celtic: *gʷorīti
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰaráyati (though the absence of Brugmann's law lengthening to produce *gʰāráyati implies that this formation may be secondary or that some leveling occurred)[2]

References

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  1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 219-220
  2. ^ Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰoréyeti”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 376.