Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ep-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₁ep-^[1]

to grab, snatch, get

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ep- (7 c, 0 e)

*h₁ép-ti ~ *h₁p-énti (athematic root present)^[2]
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Hittite: 𒂊𒅁𒍣 (e-ep-zi /⁠ʔéptsi⁠/, “seizes”)
*h₁p-i- (present)^[3]
- Proto-Italic: *api- (“to get, seize”)
  - Latin: apiō
    - ⇒ Latin: apīscor (“to seize, get, obtain”)
*h₁e-h₁óp-e ~ *h₁e-h₁p-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)^[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    - Sanskrit: आप (ā́pa)
  - Proto-Iranian:
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬁𐬞𐬀 (āpa)
- Proto-Italic:
  - ⇒ Latin: coēpī (+ co-)
*h₁op-éye-ti (“to make reach; to give”, causative)^[1]
- Proto-Albanian: *apa (“to give”) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hāpáyati (the descendants are probably later creations)
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hāpáyati
    - Sanskrit: आपयति (āpayati) (see there for further descendants)
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hāpáyati
    - Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (apaiieⁱti)
^? *h₁ep-s
- *h₁epi (“on, at”) (locative case) (see there for further descendants)
^? *h₁op- (“to desire”)^[4]

Unsorted formations

Hittite: 𒉺𒀀𒄿 (pa-a-i /⁠pāi⁠/, “gives, hands over, pays”)
>? Old Armenian: ունիմ (unim)^[5] (or from *senh₂- (“to obtain”))

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: आप् (āp)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁ep-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 237
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “epp-^zi / app-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 242-243
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “apīscor, -scī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47
^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h₁op-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 158
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “unim”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 636-637