Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wósr̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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Perhaps from *h₁wes-, *h₁ews- (to become warm; to burn) +‎ *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix)

Noun

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*wósr̥ n (oblique stem *wésn̥-)[1][2]

  1. spring (season)

Inflection

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Older acrostatic pattern:

Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *wósr̥
genitive *wésn̥s
singular dual plural
nominative *wósr̥
vocative *wósr̥
accusative *wósr̥
genitive *wésn̥s
ablative *wésn̥s
dative *wésney
locative *wésn̥, *wésni
instrumental *wésn̥h₁

Later proterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *wésr̥
genitive *uséns
singular dual plural
nominative *wésr̥ *wésrih₁ *wésr̥h₂
vocative *wésr̥ *wésrih₁ *wésr̥h₂
accusative *wésr̥ *wésrih₁ *wésr̥h₂
genitive *uséns *? *usénoHom
ablative *uséns *? *usénmos
dative *uséney *? *usénmos
locative *usén, *uséni *? *usénsu
instrumental *usénh₁ *? *usénmis

Alternative reconstructions

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Derived terms

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  • *wésn-ont-s ~ *usn̥-n̥t-és
    • Proto-Celtic: *wesants[2]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wasantás

Descendants

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  • Proto-Armenian:
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *was(e)r (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *wesrū
    • Proto-Celtic: *wesrakos (see there for further descendants)
    • ? Proto-Celtic: *wesnālā (swallow (bird)) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *wazrą (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *wéhər
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásr̥ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *wezor (see there for further descendants)

See also

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Seasons in Proto-Indo-European · [Term?] (layout · text) · category
*wósr̥ (spring) *semh₂- (summer) *(s)h₁es- (autumn) *ǵʰéyōm (winter)

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 164:vor-uridg. *h₂u̯ós-r̥/ Obl. *h₂u̯és-n-/ Lok. *h₂u̯os-én bzw. *h₂u̯os-ér > uridg. *u̯ós-r (lautlich)/ Obi. *h₂u̯és-n- (lautlich) neben *u̯és-n- (analogisch)/ Lok. *u̯os-én bzw. *u̯os-ér (lautlich)
  2. 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wasra- ~ *wazra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 575:PCelt. *wesant-
  3. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯es-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag:*u̯esr-
  4. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 306:*wesr̥ *wesnes
  5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN