Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/úštrah
Proto-Iranian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *úštras.
Noun
editInflection
editmasculine a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *úštrah | *úštrā | *úštrā |
vocative | *úštra | *úštrā | *úštrā |
accusative | *úštram | *úštrā | *úštrānh |
instrumental | *úštrā | *úštraybyaH | *úštrāyš |
ablative | *úštrāt | *úštraybyaH | *úštraybyah |
dative | *úštrāy | *úštraybyaH | *úštraybyah |
genitive | *úštrahya | *úštrayāh | *úštrānam |
locative | *úštray | *úštrayaw | *úštrayšu |
Descendants
edit- Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (uštra)
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: اوښ (ux̌)
- Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
- Ishkashimi: [script needed] (štur)
- Sanglechi: [script needed] (ᵊštər)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *uštur
- Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
- Munji: [script needed] (škura), [script needed] (škyuro)
- Yidgha: [script needed] (ⁱškirṓ), [script needed] (šikəro), [script needed] (ᵘšikəro)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *ux̌tur
- Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: اشتر (uštar), ہشتر (huštur)
- Kurdish:
- Proto-Medo-Parthian:
- Proto-Komisenian:
- Sangisari: اشتر (eshtor)
- Mazanderani: شتر (šeter)
- Old Median: *uštrah
- Proto-Komisenian:
- Southwestern Iranian:
- → Akkadian: 𒀲𒀀𒀊𒁀 (/udru/, “camel with two humps”)
- → Urartian: 𒀲𒀀𒀊𒁀 (/ulṭu/, “Bactrian camel”)
- → Old Armenian: ուղտ (ułt)
References
edit- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)[1], volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 180
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bailey, H. W. (1979) “ula-, ūla-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 40b
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)[2], Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 124
- ^ Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “aṣ̌tы́r”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN, pages 87-88
- ^ Gharib, B. (1995) “Proto-Iranian/úštrah”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 30