Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pungō

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ- (prick, punch). Near cognates include Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, fist).

Verb

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*pungō first-singular present indicative[1]

  1. to prick, sting

Inflection

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Inflection of *pungō (third conjugation)
Present *pungō
Perfect *pepugai
Aorist
Past participle *punktos
Present indicative Active Passive
1st sing. *pungō *pungōr
2nd sing. *punges *pungezo
3rd sing. *punget *pungetor
1st plur. *pungomos *pungomor
2nd plur. *pungetes *pungem(e?)n(ai?)
3rd plur. *pungont *pungontor
Present subjunctive Active Passive
1st sing. *pungām *pungār
2nd sing. *pungās *pungāzo
3rd sing. *pungād *pungātor
1st plur. *pungāmos *pungāmor
2nd plur. *pungātes *pungām(e?)n(ai?)
3rd plur. *pungānd *pungāntor
Perfect indicative Active
1st sing. *pepugai
2nd sing. *pepugistai?
3rd sing. *pepugei
1st plur. *pepugme?
2nd plur. *pepuge
3rd plur. *pepugēri
Aorist indicative Active
1st sing.
2nd sing.
3rd sing.
1st plur.
2nd plur.
3rd plur.
Present imperative Active Passive
2nd sing. *punge *pungezo
2nd plur. *pungete
Future imperative Active
2nd + 3rd sing. *pungetōd
Participles Present Past
*pungents *punktos
Verbal nouns tu-derivative s-derivative
*punktum *pungezi

Descendants

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  • Latin: pungō (see there for further descendants)

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 499