Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/wogʷeō

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wogʷʰéyeti, a causative verb; ultimately, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wegʷʰ- (to promise; to praise). Cognates include Ancient Greek εὔχομαι (eúkhomai), Sanskrit वाघत् (vāghát) and Old Armenian գոգեմ (gogem).

Verb

*wogʷeō first-singular present indicative

1. to vow, promise; dedicate or devote to a deity
2. to wish for, desire

Inflection

Inflection of *wogʷeō (second conjugation causative)
Present	*wogʷeō
Perfect	—
Aorist	—
Past participle	*wogʷetos
Present indicative	Active	Passive
1st sing.	*wogʷeō	*wogʷeōr
2nd sing.	*wogʷēs	*wogʷēzo
3rd sing.	*wogʷēt	*wogʷētor
1st plur.	*wogʷēmos	*wogʷēmor
2nd plur.	*wogʷētes	*wogʷēm(e?)n(ai?)
3rd plur.	*wogʷeont	*wogʷeontor
Present subjunctive	Active	Passive
1st sing.	*wogʷeām	*wogʷeār
2nd sing.	*wogʷeās	*wogʷeāzo
3rd sing.	*wogʷeād	*wogʷeātor
1st plur.	*wogʷeāmos	*wogʷeāmor
2nd plur.	*wogʷeātes	*wogʷeām(e?)n(ai?)
3rd plur.	*wogʷeānd	*wogʷeāntor
Perfect indicative	Active
1st sing.	—
2nd sing.	—
3rd sing.	—
1st plur.	—
2nd plur.	—
3rd plur.	—
Aorist indicative	Active
1st sing.	—
2nd sing.	—
3rd sing.	—
1st plur.	—
2nd plur.	—
3rd plur.	—
Present imperative	Active	Passive
2nd sing.	*wogʷē	*wogʷēzo
2nd plur.	*wogʷēte	—
Future imperative	Active
2nd + 3rd sing.	*wogʷētōd
Participles	Present	Past
	*wogʷēnts	*wogʷetos
Verbal nouns	tu-derivative	s-derivative
	*wogʷetum	*wogʷēzi

Descendants

• Latino-Faliscan:
  • Latin: voveō
  • Faliscan: vootum (participle perfect)
• Osco-Umbrian:
  • Oscan: vurtum (participle perfect)
  • Umbrian: 𐌅𐌖𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌄𐌔 (vufetes) (participle perfect dat./abl. plural)
  • Venetic: votsom (participle perfect)