Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ǫzъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Either directly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”), or a native formation from the causative Proto-Slavic *ǫziti (“to constrain”).

Adjective

*ǫzъ

1. Alternative form of *ǫzъkъ

Declension

Indefinite declension of *ǫzъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ǫzъ	*ǫza	*ǫzo
genitive	*ǫza	*ǫzy	*ǫza
dative	*ǫzu	*ǫzě	*ǫzu
accusative	*ǫzъ	*ǫzǫ	*ǫzo
instrumental	*ǫzomь	*ǫzojǫ	*ǫzomь
locative	*ǫzě	*ǫzě	*ǫzě
vocative	*ǫze	*ǫzo	*ǫzo
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ǫza	*ǫzě	*ǫzě
genitive	*ǫzu	*ǫzu	*ǫzu
dative	*ǫzoma	*ǫzama	*ǫzoma
accusative	*ǫza	*ǫzě	*ǫzě
instrumental	*ǫzoma	*ǫzama	*ǫzoma
locative	*ǫzu	*ǫzu	*ǫzu
vocative	*ǫza	*ǫzě	*ǫzě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ǫzi	*ǫzy	*ǫza
genitive	*ǫzъ	*ǫzъ	*ǫzъ
dative	*ǫzomъ	*ǫzamъ	*ǫzomъ
accusative	*ǫzy	*ǫzy	*ǫza
instrumental	*ǫzy	*ǫzami	*ǫzy
locative	*ǫzěxъ	*ǫzaxъ	*ǫzěxъ
vocative	*ǫzi	*ǫzy	*ǫza

Definite declension of *ǫzъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ǫzъjь	*ǫzaja	*ǫzoje
genitive	*ǫzajego	*ǫzyję̇	*ǫzajego
dative	*ǫzujemu	*ǫzěji	*ǫzujemu
accusative	*ǫzъjь	*ǫzǫjǫ	*ǫzoje
instrumental	*ǫzyjimь	*ǫzǫjǫ	*ǫzyjimь
locative	*ǫzějemь	*ǫzěji	*ǫzějemь
vocative	*ǫzъjь	*ǫzaja	*ǫzoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ǫzaja	*ǫzěji	*ǫzěji
genitive	*ǫzuju	*ǫzuju	*ǫzuju
dative	*ǫzyjima	*ǫzyjima	*ǫzyjima
accusative	*ǫzaja	*ǫzěji	*ǫzěji
instrumental	*ǫzyjima	*ǫzyjima	*ǫzyjima
locative	*ǫzuju	*ǫzuju	*ǫzuju
vocative	*ǫzaja	*ǫzěji	*ǫzěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*ǫziji	*ǫzyję̇	*ǫzaja
genitive	*ǫzъjixъ	*ǫzъjixъ	*ǫzъjixъ
dative	*ǫzyjimъ	*ǫzyjimъ	*ǫzyjimъ
accusative	*ǫzyję̇	*ǫzyję̇	*ǫzaja
instrumental	*ǫzyjimi	*ǫzyjimi	*ǫzyjimi
locative	*ǫzyjixъ	*ǫzyjixъ	*ǫzyjixъ
vocative	*ǫziji	*ǫzyję̇	*ǫzaja

Derived terms

• *ǫzostъ (“tightness”)
• *ǫzmy, *ǫzmenь (“tight bay”)

Noun

*ǫzъ m

1. bond, tie, fastening

Declension

Declension of *ǫ̃zъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǫ̃zъ	*ǭzà	*ǭzì
genitive	*ǭzà	*ǭzù	*ǫ̃zъ
dative	*ǭzù	*ǭzòma	*ǭzòmъ
accusative	*ǫ̃zъ	*ǭzà	*ǭzỳ
instrumental	*ǭzъ̀mь, *ǭzòmь*	*ǭzòma	*ǫ̃zy
locative	*ǭzě̀	*ǭzù	*ǫ̃zěxъ
vocative	*ǫze	*ǭzà	*ǭzì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *sъ(n)ǫzъ (“junction, support”)
• *paǫzъ (“pole, connecting beam”)
• *ǫže (“rope”)

Related terms

• *vęzati (“to knit, to bind”)
• *ǫziti (“to constrain”)
• *ǫzъkъ (“narrow, tight”)
• *ǫzьnъ (“bonded”)
• *ǫza (“chains”)

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: вѫзъ (vǫzŭ)
  • Bulgarian: въз (vǎz), възе (vǎze, “binder, fastener”) (dialectal, possibly from *ǫza)

Further reading

• Zhuravlyov, A. F., Varbot, Zh. Zh., editors (2016), “*ǫza / *ǫzъ / *ǫzy”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 40 (*ǫborъkъ – *pakъla), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 98