Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lemešь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lémešis. Cognates include Latvian lemesis (“sharp plough”), Lithuanian lẽmežis (“wooden part of the plough”), lãmežis (“wooden part of the plough”) and Proto-Slavic *lomìti (“to break”).

Noun

*lemešь m

1. ploughshare
2. plough

Inflection

Declension of *lemešь (soft o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lemešь	*lemeša	*lemeši
genitive	*lemeša	*lemešu	*lemešь
dative	*lemešu	*lemešema	*lemešemъ
accusative	*lemešь	*lemeša	*lemešę̇
instrumental	*lemešьmь, *lemešemь*	*lemešema	*lemeši
locative	*lemeši	*lemešu	*lemešixъ
vocative	*lemešu	*lemeša	*lemeši

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

• *lemežь

Synonyms

• *lemexъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лемешь (lemešĭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: лемешъ (lemeš)
      • Belarusian: ляме́ш (ljamjéš)
      • Ukrainian: лемі́ш (lemíš)
    • Russian: ле́меш (lémeš)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: лемешь (lemešĭ)

    Glagolitic: ⰾⰵⰿⰵⱎⱐ (lemešĭ)

  • Bulgarian: леме́ж (leméž)
  • Macedonian: ле́меш (lémeš)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: лѐмеш, лѐмеж

    Latin: lèmeš, lèmež

  • Slovene: lémeš, lémež
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lemeš
    • Czech: lemeš (obsolete)
  • Old Polish: lemiesz
    • Polish: lemiesz
  • Old Slovak: lemeš
    • Slovak: lemeš

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: lemez

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*lemešь/*lemežь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 14 (*labati – *lěteplъjь), Moscow: Nauka, page 108