Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mertva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *merti +‎ *-tva.

Noun

*mertva f

1. dyingness, state of dying
2. plague

Synonyms

• *mertьje
• *morъ

Inflection

Declension of *mertva (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mertva	*mertvě	*mertvy
genitive	*mertvy	*mertvu	*mertvъ
dative	*mertvě	*mertvama	*mertvamъ
accusative	*mertvǫ	*mertvě	*mertvy
instrumental	*mertvojǫ, *mertvǫ**	*mertvama	*mertvami
locative	*mertvě	*mertvu	*mertvasъ, *mertvaxъ*
vocative	*mertvo	*mertvě	*mertvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• West Slavic:
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: mřetwa
    • Lower Sorbian: mřetwa

References

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*mertva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 102