Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/protivъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *pretivъ, *proti, *protivo

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *pr-é-ti, *pr-ó-ti, from *per- (“in front, first”). Compare Latvian pretējs.

Preposition

*protivъ

1. (with genitive) contrary, against

Derived terms

• *protivьnъ
• *protivьnikъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: противъ (protivŭ)
    • Belarusian: про́ці (próci), прэ̀цi (prèci)
    • Russian: про́тив (prótiv)
    • Ukrainian: про́ти (próty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: противъ (protivŭ)
    • Bulgarian: проти́в (protív)
    • Macedonian: против (protiv)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: про̏тив

    Latin script: prȍtiv

  • Slovene: prọ̑ti
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: protiv
    • Czech: proti
  • Kashubian: przecyw
  • Old Polish: przeciw, prociw
    • Polish: przeciw, prociw (Middle Polish)
    • Silesian: przeciw
  • Old Slovak: prociv, proti, protiv
    • Pannonian Rusyn: проци (proci), процив (prociv)
    • Slovak: proti
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: pśeśiwo
    • Upper Sorbian: přećiwo

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “против”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress