Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sorka
(Redirected from Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/s(v)orka)
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *śárˀkāˀ. Cognate with Lithuanian šárka (“magpie”), Old Prussian sarke (“magpie”), Finnish harakka (“magpie”). Eventually connected with Russian со́рок (sórok, “forty”).[1]
The original form was *sorka, with non-etymological *-v- in some daughters introduced by analogy from *svьrčati (“to whistle”), possibly in order to avoid confusion with the (reflex of the) verb *sьrati (“to defecate”).
Noun
edit*sòrka f[2]
Declension
editDeclension of *sòrka (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *sòrka | *sòrcě | *sòrky |
genitive | *sòrky | *sòrku | *sòrkъ |
dative | *sòrcě | *sòrkama | *sòrkamъ |
accusative | *sòrkǫ | *sòrcě | *sòrky |
instrumental | *sòrkojǫ, *sòrkǭ** | *sòrkama | *sòrkamī |
locative | *sòrcě | *sòrku | *sòrkasъ, *sòrkaxъ* |
vocative | *sòrko | *sòrcě | *sòrky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Alternative forms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- → Hungarian: szarka
Further reading
edit- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 477
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сорока”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Proto-Slavic/sorka”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN, page 601
Etymology 2
editBaltic cognates include Lithuanian šar̃kas, švar̃kas (“jacket, coat”), Latvian svā̀rks (“skirt”) (-v- possibly is influence of švarùs (“clean”))
Noun
edit*sorka f
Declension
editDeclension of *sorka (hard a-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *sorka | *sorcě | *sorky |
genitive | *sorky | *sorku | *sorkъ |
dative | *sorcě | *sorkama | *sorkamъ |
accusative | *sorkǫ | *sorcě | *sorky |
instrumental | *sorkojǫ, *sorkǫ** | *sorkama | *sorkami |
locative | *sorcě | *sorku | *sorkasъ, *sorkaxъ* |
vocative | *sorko | *sorcě | *sorky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- → Albanian: shark
Further reading
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сорочка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “сорочица, сорочька”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][1] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, сорочька column 467
References
edit- ^ https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-russian/forty
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*svòrka; *sòrka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 477: “f. ā (a) ‘magpie’”