Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kalïŋ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Adjective

*kalïŋ

1. thick

   Synonyms: *koyug, *yogan

   Antonym: *yiŋčge

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: хулӑн (hulăn)
• Common Turkic: *kalïŋ

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: qalın
      • Ottoman Turkish: قالن (kalın), قالین
        • Turkish: kalın
        • Gagauz: kalın
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: galyň
    • Salar: [script needed] (xaloŋ), [script needed] (xalaŋ)
• Karluk:
  • Uyghur: قېلىن (qëlin)
  • Uzbek: qalin
• Kipchak:
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: qalın
    • Karachay-Balkar: къалын (qalın)
    • Kumyk: къалын (qalın)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ҡалын (qalın)
    • Tatar: калын (qalın)
      • → Russian: калым (kalym, “bride price”)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: қалың
    • Kazakh: қалың (qalyñ)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: калың (kalıŋ)
    • Southern Altai: калыҥ (kalïŋ)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur:
    • Western Yugur: qalïn
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: халыҥ (qalıñ)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: халын (xalın)

Further reading

• http://turkic.elegantlexicon.com/turkforms.php?form=thick

References

• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 226
• Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 238-239
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kalïŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill