Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yẹgirmi

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Proto-Turkic numbers ^(edit)

←  10	20	30  →
	2
Cardinal: *yẹgirmi     Ordinal: *yẹgirminč     Distributive: *yẹgirmiĺčer     Collective: *yẹgirmigü

Alternative reconstructions

• *yẹgirim (based on Oghuric descendants)

Etymology

Possibly a simplified or corrupted form of a tens-compound. If so, from *ẹk(k)i (“2”) +‎ *-mïĺ (“a suffix for tens^?”).

Numeral

*yẹgirmi

1. twenty

Descendants

• Proto-Oghur: *ǰeɣirim
  • Proto-Bulgar: *č́eɣirim
    • Volga Bulgar: جيرم (ǯiyir(e)m), جيرم (ǯiyerm), [script needed] (ǯ(i)y(e)'m)
      • Late Volga Bulgar: *śerim
        • Old Chuvash: *śerĭm
          • Middle Chuvash: *śirĭm
            • Chuvash: ҫирӗм (śirĕm)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yigirmi
• Proto-Oghuz: *yigirmi
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: iyirmi
      • Ottoman Turkish: یگرمی (yigirmi)
        • Gagauz: yirmi
        • Turkish: yirmi
  • East Oghuz::
    • Salar: irmi
    • Turkmen: ýigrimi
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: یِكِرْما (yigirme)
    • Chagatai:
      • Uyghur: يىگىرمە (yigirme)
      • Uzbek: yigirma
• Kipchak:
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: yigirmi
    • Karachay-Balkar: джыйырма (cıyırma)
    • Karaim: yigirmi
    • Kumyk: йигирма (yigirma)
    • Urum: йирми (yirmi)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: жигирма (jigirma)
    • Kazakh: жиырма (jiyrma)
    • Nogai: йырма (yırma)
  • Northern Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: егерме (yegerme)
    • Tatar: егерме (yegerme)
  • Eastern Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жыйырма (jıyırma)
    • Southern Altai:
      • Teleut: јирме (ǰirme)
• Siberian:
  • Orkhon Turkic: 𐰘𐰏𐰃𐰼𐰢𐰃 (y²gir²mi)
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽷𐽾𐽹𐽶 (ykrmy /⁠yégirmi⁠/)
    • Western Yugur: jəɣərma (yïɣïrma)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: һүүрбэ (hüürbe)
    • Yakut: сүүрбэ (süürbe)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: чээрби (çeerbi)
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: чибірге (çibìrge)
      • Shor: чегирбе (çegirbe), чебирге (çebirge)
    • Northern Altai: чигирбе (čigirbe), тьербе (tʹyerbe), тьерве (tʹyerve)

References

• Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, pages 140, 233