Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/nāhwijan
Proto-West Germanic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *nēhwijaną, equivalent to *nāhw (“near”) + *-jan. Related to Old Norse ná (“to approach”) a class 3 weak verb derived from the same root.
Verb
edit*nāhwijan
Inflection
editClass 1 weak | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | *nāhwijan | |
1st sg. past | *nāhwidā | |
Infinitive | *nāhwijan | |
Genitive infin. | *nāhwijannjas | |
Dative infin. | *nāhwijannjē | |
Instrum. infin. | *nāhwijannju | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | *nāhwiju | *nāhwidā |
2nd singular | *nāhwisi | *nāhwidēs, *nāhwidōs |
3rd singular | *nāhwiþi | *nāhwidē, *nāhwidā |
1st plural | *nāhwijum | *nāhwidum |
2nd plural | *nāhwiþ | *nāhwidud |
3rd plural | *nāhwijanþ | *nāhwidun |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | *nāhwijē | *nāhwidī |
2nd singular | *nāhwijēs | *nāhwidī |
3rd singular | *nāhwijē | *nāhwidī |
1st plural | *nāhwijēm | *nāhwidīm |
2nd plural | *nāhwijēþ | *nāhwidīd |
3rd plural | *nāhwijēn | *nāhwidīn |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | *nāhwi | |
Plural | *nāhwiþ | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | *nāhwijandī | *nāhwid |
Related terms
editDescendants
editSome of the descendants show 'g' where 'h' is expected, this is likely a Verner alternation.
- Old English: *nǣgan
- ⇒ Old English: ġenǣgan
- Old Saxon: nāhian
- Middle Low German: nēgen
- Old High German: nāhen
- Middle High German: nähen
References
edit- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*nēxwēnan ~ *nēxwjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 286