Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skaft

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skaftaz.

Noun

*skaft m

1. shaft

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*skaft
Genitive	*skaftas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*skaft	*skaftō, *skaftōs
Accusative	*skaft	*skaftā
Genitive	*skaftas	*skaftō
Dative	*skaftē	*skaftum
Instrumental	*skaftu	*skaftum

Descendants

• Old English: sċeaft
  • Middle English: schaft, scæft, scaft, shaft, sschaft, scheft, sheft, shafft, schafft, chafte, saft, shaffet, schafte, shafte
    • English: shaft
    • Scots: schaft, shaft
• Old Frisian: skeft
  • Saterland Frisian: Schacht, Skacht
  • West Frisian: skaft
• Old Saxon: skaft
  • Middle Low German: schacht, scacht
    • Dutch Low Saxon: schacht
    • German Low German:

      Altmärkisch: Low German: Schecht, Schefft

      Westphalian:

      Dortmunder, Ravensbergisch, Westmünsterländisch: Schacht

      Dortmunder, Westmünsterländisch: Schaft

      Westmünsterländisch: Schach

    • Plautdietsch: Scheft, Schajcht
    • → Middle High German: schacht
      • Alemannic German: Schacht
      • German: Schacht
      • → Belarusian: шахта (šaxta)
      • → Czech: šachta
      • → Danish: skakt
      • → Esperanto: ŝakto
      • → Estonian: šaht
      • → Polish: szacht
        • → Russian: ша́хта (šáxta)
          • → Kazakh: шахта (şaxta)
      • → Serbo-Croatian: šȁht
      • → Swedish: schakt
      • → Ukrainian: шахта (šaxta)
• Old Dutch: skaft
  • Middle Dutch: schacht, schaft
    • Dutch: schacht, schaft (archaic)
      • Afrikaans: skag
• Old High German: skaft
  • Middle High German: schaft
    • German: Schaft