Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smalljan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to burn, smoulder, smoke; tar, pitch”). Cognate with Lithuanian smilkyti (“to incense, fumigate”), Lithuanian smilkti (“to smudge, smolder, fume, reek”), Lithuanian smalkinti (“to fume”), Lithuanian smiltys (“fine sand, dust”), Russian смола́ (smolá, “resin, pitch, tar”), Middle Irish smál, smól, smúal (“fire, gleed, embers, ashes”).^[1]

Verb

*smalljan

(Anglo-Frisian Germanic) to glow, burn, smoulder

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*smalljan
1st sg. past	*smaldā
Infinitive	*smalljan
Genitive infin.	*smalljannjas
Dative infin.	*smalljannjē
Instrum. infin.	*smalljannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*smallju	*smaldā
2nd singular	*smalisi	smaldēs, smaldōs
3rd singular	*smaliþi	smaldē, smaldā
1st plural	*smalljum	*smaldum
2nd plural	*smaliþ	*smaldud
3rd plural	*smalljanþ	*smaldun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*smalljē	*smaldī
2nd singular	*smalljēs	*smaldī
3rd singular	*smalljē	*smaldī
1st plural	*smalljēm	*smaldīm
2nd plural	*smalljēþ	*smaldīd
3rd plural	*smalljēn	*smaldīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*smali
Plural	*smaliþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*smalljandī	*smald

Related terms

*smulēn, *smulōn
- Old Frisian: *smulia
  - Saterland Frisian: smulje
- Old Saxon: *smolōn
  - Middle Low German: smölen
    - Low German:
      Low Prussian: schmölen
      
      Westmünsterländisch: schmöllen, schmüllen
- Old Dutch: *smolon
  - Middle Dutch: smôlen
    - Dutch: smeulen
      - Afrikaans: smeul
      - → West Frisian: smeule^[2]

Descendants

Old English: *smiellan, *smillan, *smyllan, *smællan, *smellan
- Middle English: smellen, smele, smeallen, smillen, smullen
  - English: smell
  - Scots: smell
  - Yola: smele, smoll
Old Frisian: *smella, *smela
- Saterland Frisian: smeele

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. smel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 969
^ van der Sijs, Nicoline (2010) “smeulen”, in Nederlandse woorden wereldwijd [Dutch words worldwide]‎^[1] (in Dutch), The Hague: Sdu Uitgevers, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 590

[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. smel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 969

[2] van der Sijs, Nicoline (2010) “smeulen”, in Nederlandse woorden wereldwijd [Dutch words worldwide]‎^[1] (in Dutch), The Hague: Sdu Uitgevers, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 590

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