castanea

See also: Castanea, castañea, and castañeá

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek καστάνεια (kastáneia), from κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kástana).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kasˈta.ne.a/, [käs̠ˈt̪äneä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kasˈta.ne.a/, [käsˈt̪äːneä]

Noun

castanea f (genitive castaneae); first declension

1. a chestnut tree
   • 70 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Eclogues 7.53:

     Stant et iūniperī et castaneae hirsūtae

     Here stand junipers and shaggy chestnut trees

2. a chestnut (nut)

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	castanea	castaneae
Genitive	castaneae	castaneārum
Dative	castaneae	castaneīs
Accusative	castaneam	castaneās
Ablative	castaneā	castaneīs
Vocative	castanea	castaneae

Synonyms

• (chestnut tree): castaneārius (Mediaeval)

Derived terms

• castaneālis
• castaneārius
• castaneolus
• castanētum
• castaneus

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: cãstãnji
  • Megleno-Romanian: căstǫn'ă
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: castagna
  • Italian: castagna (see there for further descendants)
  • Neapolitan: castagna
  • Sicilian: castagna
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: cjastine
  • Venetian: castegna
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: castanya
  • Franco-Provençal: châtagne
  • Old French: chastaigne (see there for further descendants)
  • Occitan: castanha
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: castaña
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: castanna
    • Galician: castaña
    • Portuguese: castanha
  • Old Spanish: castanna
    • Spanish: castaña (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted borrowings:

• → Albanian: gështenjë
• → Basque: gaztaina
• → Proto-Brythonic:
  • Breton: kistin
  • Cornish: kesten
  • Welsh: castan ⇒ castanwydd
• → Czech: kaštan
• → Estonian: kasta
• → Old Irish: castán
  • Irish: castán
  • Manx: castan
  • Scottish Gaelic: castan
• → Latgalian: kaštans
• → Latvian: kastanis
• → Lithuanian: kaštonas
• → Macedonian: костен (kosten)
• → Polish: kasztan
• → Ukrainian: каштан (kaštan)
• → Russian: каштан (kaštan)
• → Slovak: gaštan
• → Slovene: kostanj
• → Proto-West Germanic: *kastannjā (see there for further descendants)

References

• “castănĕa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “castanea”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• castănĕa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 271/2.
• “castanea” on page 281/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)