chật vật
Vietnamese
editEtymology
editch- reduplication of vật (“to wrestle”), with semantic influence from chật (“tight, narrow”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [t͡ɕət̚˧˨ʔ vət̚˧˨ʔ]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [t͡ɕək̚˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [cək̚˨˩˨ vək̚˨˩˨] ~ [cək̚˨˩˨ jək̚˨˩˨]
Adjective
edit- strenuous; arduous; toilsome; laborious; strugglesome (especially of life itself)