Tone unknown
|
Infinitive
|
ukuchathaza
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuchathaza
|
ukungachathazi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
chathaza
|
-chathaze
|
Plural
|
chathazani
|
-chathazeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyachathaza, ngichathaza
|
engichathazayo, engichathaza
|
ngichathaza
|
angichathazi
|
engingachathazi
|
ngingachathazi
|
2nd singular
|
uyachathaza, uchathaza
|
ochathazayo, ochathaza
|
uchathaza
|
awuchathazi
|
ongachathazi
|
ungachathazi
|
1st plural
|
siyachathaza, sichathaza
|
esichathazayo, esichathaza
|
sichathaza
|
asichathazi
|
esingachathazi
|
singachathazi
|
2nd plural
|
niyachathaza, nichathaza
|
enichathazayo, enichathaza
|
nichathaza
|
anichathazi
|
eningachathazi
|
ningachathazi
|
Class 1
|
uyachathaza, uchathaza
|
ochathazayo, ochathaza
|
echathaza
|
akachathazi
|
ongachathazi
|
engachathazi
|
Class 2
|
bayachathaza, bachathaza
|
abachathazayo, abachathaza
|
bechathaza
|
abachathazi
|
abangachathazi
|
bengachathazi
|
Class 3
|
uyachathaza, uchathaza
|
ochathazayo, ochathaza
|
uchathaza
|
awuchathazi
|
ongachathazi
|
ungachathazi
|
Class 4
|
iyachathaza, ichathaza
|
echathazayo, echathaza
|
ichathaza
|
ayichathazi
|
engachathazi
|
ingachathazi
|
Class 5
|
liyachathaza, lichathaza
|
elichathazayo, elichathaza
|
lichathaza
|
alichathazi
|
elingachathazi
|
lingachathazi
|
Class 6
|
ayachathaza, achathaza
|
achathazayo, achathaza
|
echathaza
|
awachathazi
|
angachathazi
|
engachathazi
|
Class 7
|
siyachathaza, sichathaza
|
esichathazayo, esichathaza
|
sichathaza
|
asichathazi
|
esingachathazi
|
singachathazi
|
Class 8
|
ziyachathaza, zichathaza
|
ezichathazayo, ezichathaza
|
zichathaza
|
azichathazi
|
ezingachathazi
|
zingachathazi
|
Class 9
|
iyachathaza, ichathaza
|
echathazayo, echathaza
|
ichathaza
|
ayichathazi
|
engachathazi
|
ingachathazi
|
Class 10
|
ziyachathaza, zichathaza
|
ezichathazayo, ezichathaza
|
zichathaza
|
azichathazi
|
ezingachathazi
|
zingachathazi
|
Class 11
|
luyachathaza, luchathaza
|
oluchathazayo, oluchathaza
|
luchathaza
|
aluchathazi
|
olungachathazi
|
lungachathazi
|
Class 14
|
buyachathaza, buchathaza
|
obuchathazayo, obuchathaza
|
buchathaza
|
abuchathazi
|
obungachathazi
|
bungachathazi
|
Class 15
|
kuyachathaza, kuchathaza
|
okuchathazayo, okuchathaza
|
kuchathaza
|
akuchathazi
|
okungachathazi
|
kungachathazi
|
Class 17
|
kuyachathaza, kuchathaza
|
okuchathazayo, okuchathaza
|
kuchathaza
|
akuchathazi
|
okungachathazi
|
kungachathazi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngichathazile, ngichathazē
|
engichathazile, engichathazē
|
ngichathazile, ngichathazē
|
angichathazanga
|
engingachathazanga
|
ngingachathazanga
|
2nd singular
|
uchathazile, uchathazē
|
ochathazile, ochathazē
|
uchathazile, uchathazē
|
awuchathazanga
|
ongachathazanga
|
ungachathazanga
|
1st plural
|
sichathazile, sichathazē
|
esichathazile, esichathazē
|
sichathazile, sichathazē
|
asichathazanga
|
esingachathazanga
|
singachathazanga
|
2nd plural
|
nichathazile, nichathazē
|
enichathazile, enichathazē
|
nichathazile, nichathazē
|
anichathazanga
|
eningachathazanga
|
ningachathazanga
|
Class 1
|
uchathazile, uchathazē
|
ochathazile, ochathazē
|
echathazile, echathazē
|
akachathazanga
|
ongachathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
Class 2
|
bachathazile, bachathazē
|
abachathazile, abachathazē
|
bechathazile, bechathazē
|
abachathazanga
|
abangachathazanga
|
bengachathazanga
|
Class 3
|
uchathazile, uchathazē
|
ochathazile, ochathazē
|
uchathazile, uchathazē
|
awuchathazanga
|
ongachathazanga
|
ungachathazanga
|
Class 4
|
ichathazile, ichathazē
|
echathazile, echathazē
|
ichathazile, ichathazē
|
ayichathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
ingachathazanga
|
Class 5
|
lichathazile, lichathazē
|
elichathazile, elichathazē
|
lichathazile, lichathazē
|
alichathazanga
|
elingachathazanga
|
lingachathazanga
|
Class 6
|
achathazile, achathazē
|
achathazile, achathazē
|
echathazile, echathazē
|
awachathazanga
|
angachathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
Class 7
|
sichathazile, sichathazē
|
esichathazile, esichathazē
|
sichathazile, sichathazē
|
asichathazanga
|
esingachathazanga
|
singachathazanga
|
Class 8
|
zichathazile, zichathazē
|
ezichathazile, ezichathazē
|
zichathazile, zichathazē
|
azichathazanga
|
ezingachathazanga
|
zingachathazanga
|
Class 9
|
ichathazile, ichathazē
|
echathazile, echathazē
|
ichathazile, ichathazē
|
ayichathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
ingachathazanga
|
Class 10
|
zichathazile, zichathazē
|
ezichathazile, ezichathazē
|
zichathazile, zichathazē
|
azichathazanga
|
ezingachathazanga
|
zingachathazanga
|
Class 11
|
luchathazile, luchathazē
|
oluchathazile, oluchathazē
|
luchathazile, luchathazē
|
aluchathazanga
|
olungachathazanga
|
lungachathazanga
|
Class 14
|
buchathazile, buchathazē
|
obuchathazile, obuchathazē
|
buchathazile, buchathazē
|
abuchathazanga
|
obungachathazanga
|
bungachathazanga
|
Class 15
|
kuchathazile, kuchathazē
|
okuchathazile, okuchathazē
|
kuchathazile, kuchathazē
|
akuchathazanga
|
okungachathazanga
|
kungachathazanga
|
Class 17
|
kuchathazile, kuchathazē
|
okuchathazile, okuchathazē
|
kuchathazile, kuchathazē
|
akuchathazanga
|
okungachathazanga
|
kungachathazanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāchathaza
|
engāchathaza
|
ngāchathaza
|
angichathazanga
|
engingachathazanga
|
ngingachathazanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāchathaza
|
owāchathaza
|
wāchathaza
|
awuchathazanga
|
ongachathazanga
|
ungachathazanga
|
1st plural
|
sāchathaza
|
esāchathaza
|
sāchathaza
|
asichathazanga
|
esingachathazanga
|
singachathazanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāchathaza
|
enāchathaza
|
nāchathaza
|
anichathazanga
|
eningachathazanga
|
ningachathazanga
|
Class 1
|
wāchathaza
|
owāchathaza
|
āchathaza
|
akachathazanga
|
ongachathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
Class 2
|
bāchathaza
|
abāchathaza
|
bāchathaza
|
abachathazanga
|
abangachathazanga
|
bengachathazanga
|
Class 3
|
wāchathaza
|
owāchathaza
|
wāchathaza
|
awuchathazanga
|
ongachathazanga
|
ungachathazanga
|
Class 4
|
yāchathaza
|
eyāchathaza
|
yāchathaza
|
ayichathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
ingachathazanga
|
Class 5
|
lāchathaza
|
elāchathaza
|
lāchathaza
|
alichathazanga
|
elingachathazanga
|
lingachathazanga
|
Class 6
|
āchathaza
|
āchathaza
|
āchathaza
|
awachathazanga
|
angachathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
Class 7
|
sāchathaza
|
esāchathaza
|
sāchathaza
|
asichathazanga
|
esingachathazanga
|
singachathazanga
|
Class 8
|
zāchathaza
|
ezāchathaza
|
zāchathaza
|
azichathazanga
|
ezingachathazanga
|
zingachathazanga
|
Class 9
|
yāchathaza
|
eyāchathaza
|
yāchathaza
|
ayichathazanga
|
engachathazanga
|
ingachathazanga
|
Class 10
|
zāchathaza
|
ezāchathaza
|
zāchathaza
|
azichathazanga
|
ezingachathazanga
|
zingachathazanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāchathaza
|
olwāchathaza
|
lwāchathaza
|
aluchathazanga
|
olungachathazanga
|
lungachathazanga
|
Class 14
|
bāchathaza
|
obāchathaza
|
bāchathaza
|
abuchathazanga
|
obungachathazanga
|
bungachathazanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāchathaza
|
okwāchathaza
|
kwāchathaza
|
akuchathazanga
|
okungachathazanga
|
kungachathazanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāchathaza
|
okwāchathaza
|
kwāchathaza
|
akuchathazanga
|
okungachathazanga
|
kungachathazanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingachathaza
|
—
|
ngingachathaza
|
ngingechathaze
|
—
|
ngingechathaze
|
2nd singular
|
ungachathaza
|
—
|
ungachathaza
|
ungechathaze
|
—
|
ungechathaze
|
1st plural
|
singachathaza
|
—
|
singachathaza
|
singechathaze
|
—
|
singechathaze
|
2nd plural
|
ningachathaza
|
—
|
ningachathaza
|
ningechathaze
|
—
|
ningechathaze
|
Class 1
|
angachathaza
|
—
|
engachathaza
|
angechathaze
|
—
|
engechathaze
|
Class 2
|
bangachathaza
|
—
|
bengachathaza
|
bangechathaze
|
—
|
bengechathaze
|
Class 3
|
ungachathaza
|
—
|
ungachathaza
|
ungechathaze
|
—
|
ungechathaze
|
Class 4
|
ingachathaza
|
—
|
ingachathaza
|
ingechathaze
|
—
|
ingechathaze
|
Class 5
|
lingachathaza
|
—
|
lingachathaza
|
lingechathaze
|
—
|
lingechathaze
|
Class 6
|
angachathaza
|
—
|
engachathaza
|
angechathaze
|
—
|
engechathaze
|
Class 7
|
singachathaza
|
—
|
singachathaza
|
singechathaze
|
—
|
singechathaze
|
Class 8
|
zingachathaza
|
—
|
zingachathaza
|
zingechathaze
|
—
|
zingechathaze
|
Class 9
|
ingachathaza
|
—
|
ingachathaza
|
ingechathaze
|
—
|
ingechathaze
|
Class 10
|
zingachathaza
|
—
|
zingachathaza
|
zingechathaze
|
—
|
zingechathaze
|
Class 11
|
lungachathaza
|
—
|
lungachathaza
|
lungechathaze
|
—
|
lungechathaze
|
Class 14
|
bungachathaza
|
—
|
bungachathaza
|
bungechathaze
|
—
|
bungechathaze
|
Class 15
|
kungachathaza
|
—
|
kungachathaza
|
kungechathaze
|
—
|
kungechathaze
|
Class 17
|
kungachathaza
|
—
|
kungachathaza
|
kungechathaze
|
—
|
kungechathaze
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizochathaza
|
engizochathaza
|
ngizochathaza
|
angizuchathaza
|
engingezuchathaza
|
ngingezuchathaza
|
2nd singular
|
uzochathaza
|
ozochathaza
|
uzochathaza
|
awuzuchathaza
|
ongezuchathaza
|
ungezuchathaza
|
1st plural
|
sizochathaza
|
esizochathaza
|
sizochathaza
|
asizuchathaza
|
esingezuchathaza
|
singezuchathaza
|
2nd plural
|
nizochathaza
|
enizochathaza
|
nizochathaza
|
anizuchathaza
|
eningezuchathaza
|
ningezuchathaza
|
Class 1
|
uzochathaza
|
ozochathaza
|
ezochathaza
|
akazuchathaza
|
ongezuchathaza
|
engezuchathaza
|
Class 2
|
bazochathaza
|
abazochathaza
|
bezochathaza
|
abazuchathaza
|
abangezuchathaza
|
bengezuchathaza
|
Class 3
|
uzochathaza
|
ozochathaza
|
uzochathaza
|
awuzuchathaza
|
ongezuchathaza
|
ungezuchathaza
|
Class 4
|
izochathaza
|
ezochathaza
|
izochathaza
|
ayizuchathaza
|
engezuchathaza
|
ingezuchathaza
|
Class 5
|
lizochathaza
|
elizochathaza
|
lizochathaza
|
alizuchathaza
|
elingezuchathaza
|
lingezuchathaza
|
Class 6
|
azochathaza
|
azochathaza
|
ezochathaza
|
awazuchathaza
|
angezuchathaza
|
engezuchathaza
|
Class 7
|
sizochathaza
|
esizochathaza
|
sizochathaza
|
asizuchathaza
|
esingezuchathaza
|
singezuchathaza
|
Class 8
|
zizochathaza
|
ezizochathaza
|
zizochathaza
|
azizuchathaza
|
ezingezuchathaza
|
zingezuchathaza
|
Class 9
|
izochathaza
|
ezochathaza
|
izochathaza
|
ayizuchathaza
|
engezuchathaza
|
ingezuchathaza
|
Class 10
|
zizochathaza
|
ezizochathaza
|
zizochathaza
|
azizuchathaza
|
ezingezuchathaza
|
zingezuchathaza
|
Class 11
|
luzochathaza
|
oluzochathaza
|
luzochathaza
|
aluzuchathaza
|
olungezuchathaza
|
lungezuchathaza
|
Class 14
|
buzochathaza
|
obuzochathaza
|
buzochathaza
|
abuzuchathaza
|
obungezuchathaza
|
bungezuchathaza
|
Class 15
|
kuzochathaza
|
okuzochathaza
|
kuzochathaza
|
akuzuchathaza
|
okungezuchathaza
|
kungezuchathaza
|
Class 17
|
kuzochathaza
|
okuzochathaza
|
kuzochathaza
|
akuzuchathaza
|
okungezuchathaza
|
kungezuchathaza
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyochathaza
|
engiyochathaza
|
ngiyochathaza
|
angiyuchathaza
|
engingeyuchathaza
|
ngingeyuchathaza
|
2nd singular
|
uyochathaza
|
oyochathaza
|
uyochathaza
|
awuyuchathaza
|
ongeyuchathaza
|
ungeyuchathaza
|
1st plural
|
siyochathaza
|
esiyochathaza
|
siyochathaza
|
asiyuchathaza
|
esingeyuchathaza
|
singeyuchathaza
|
2nd plural
|
niyochathaza
|
eniyochathaza
|
niyochathaza
|
aniyuchathaza
|
eningeyuchathaza
|
ningeyuchathaza
|
Class 1
|
uyochathaza
|
oyochathaza
|
eyochathaza
|
akayuchathaza
|
ongeyuchathaza
|
engeyuchathaza
|
Class 2
|
bayochathaza
|
abayochathaza
|
beyochathaza
|
abayuchathaza
|
abangeyuchathaza
|
bengeyuchathaza
|
Class 3
|
uyochathaza
|
oyochathaza
|
uyochathaza
|
awuyuchathaza
|
ongeyuchathaza
|
ungeyuchathaza
|
Class 4
|
iyochathaza
|
eyochathaza
|
iyochathaza
|
ayiyuchathaza
|
engeyuchathaza
|
ingeyuchathaza
|
Class 5
|
liyochathaza
|
eliyochathaza
|
liyochathaza
|
aliyuchathaza
|
elingeyuchathaza
|
lingeyuchathaza
|
Class 6
|
ayochathaza
|
ayochathaza
|
eyochathaza
|
awayuchathaza
|
angeyuchathaza
|
engeyuchathaza
|
Class 7
|
siyochathaza
|
esiyochathaza
|
siyochathaza
|
asiyuchathaza
|
esingeyuchathaza
|
singeyuchathaza
|
Class 8
|
ziyochathaza
|
eziyochathaza
|
ziyochathaza
|
aziyuchathaza
|
ezingeyuchathaza
|
zingeyuchathaza
|
Class 9
|
iyochathaza
|
eyochathaza
|
iyochathaza
|
ayiyuchathaza
|
engeyuchathaza
|
ingeyuchathaza
|
Class 10
|
ziyochathaza
|
eziyochathaza
|
ziyochathaza
|
aziyuchathaza
|
ezingeyuchathaza
|
zingeyuchathaza
|
Class 11
|
luyochathaza
|
oluyochathaza
|
luyochathaza
|
aluyuchathaza
|
olungeyuchathaza
|
lungeyuchathaza
|
Class 14
|
buyochathaza
|
obuyochathaza
|
buyochathaza
|
abuyuchathaza
|
obungeyuchathaza
|
bungeyuchathaza
|
Class 15
|
kuyochathaza
|
okuyochathaza
|
kuyochathaza
|
akuyuchathaza
|
okungeyuchathaza
|
kungeyuchathaza
|
Class 17
|
kuyochathaza
|
okuyochathaza
|
kuyochathaza
|
akuyuchathaza
|
okungeyuchathaza
|
kungeyuchathaza
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngichathaze
|
ngingachathazi
|
2nd singular
|
uchathaze
|
ungachathazi
|
1st plural
|
sichathaze
|
singachathazi
|
2nd plural
|
nichathaze
|
ningachathazi
|
Class 1
|
achathaze
|
angachathazi
|
Class 2
|
bachathaze
|
bangachathazi
|
Class 3
|
uchathaze
|
ungachathazi
|
Class 4
|
ichathaze
|
ingachathazi
|
Class 5
|
lichathaze
|
lingachathazi
|
Class 6
|
achathaze
|
angachathazi
|
Class 7
|
sichathaze
|
singachathazi
|
Class 8
|
zichathaze
|
zingachathazi
|
Class 9
|
ichathaze
|
ingachathazi
|
Class 10
|
zichathaze
|
zingachathazi
|
Class 11
|
luchathaze
|
lungachathazi
|
Class 14
|
buchathaze
|
bungachathazi
|
Class 15
|
kuchathaze
|
kungachathazi
|
Class 17
|
kuchathaze
|
kungachathazi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngachathaza
|
ngangachathaza, angachathaza, angangachathaza
|
2nd singular
|
wachathaza
|
wangachathaza, awachathaza, awangachathaza
|
1st plural
|
sachathaza
|
sangachathaza, asachathaza, asangachathaza
|
2nd plural
|
nachathaza
|
nangachathaza, anachathaza, anangachathaza
|
Class 1
|
wachathaza
|
wangachathaza, akachathaza, akangachathaza
|
Class 2
|
bachathaza
|
bangachathaza, abachathaza, abangachathaza
|
Class 3
|
wachathaza
|
wangachathaza, awachathaza, awangachathaza
|
Class 4
|
yachathaza
|
yangachathaza, ayachathaza, ayangachathaza
|
Class 5
|
lachathaza
|
langachathaza, alachathaza, alangachathaza
|
Class 6
|
achathaza
|
angachathaza, awachathaza, awangachathaza
|
Class 7
|
sachathaza
|
sangachathaza, asachathaza, asangachathaza
|
Class 8
|
zachathaza
|
zangachathaza, azachathaza, azangachathaza
|
Class 9
|
yachathaza
|
yangachathaza, ayachathaza, ayangachathaza
|
Class 10
|
zachathaza
|
zangachathaza, azachathaza, azangachathaza
|
Class 11
|
lwachathaza
|
lwangachathaza, alwachathaza, alwangachathaza
|
Class 14
|
bachathaza
|
bangachathaza, abachathaza, abangachathaza
|
Class 15
|
kwachathaza
|
kwangachathaza, akwachathaza, akwangachathaza
|
Class 17
|
kwachathaza
|
kwangachathaza, akwachathaza, akwangachathaza
|