pour
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: pô, IPA(key): /pɔː/
- (General American) enPR: pôr, IPA(key): /pɔɹ/
Audio (US) (file)
- (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: pōr, IPA(key): /po(ː)ɹ/
- (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /poə/
- (obsolete) enPR: pour, pouər, IPA(key): /paʊɹ/, /paʊəɹ/[1]
- Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)
- Homophone: pore; poor (in accents with the pour–poor merger); paw (non-rhotic accents with the horse–hoarse merger)
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English pouren (“to pour”), of uncertain origin. Likely to be of Celtic origin, from Celtic base *purr- (“to jerk, throw (water)”), akin to Welsh bwrw (“to cast, strike, rain”), Scottish Gaelic purr (“to push, thrust, urge, drive”), Irish purraim (“I push, I jerk”). Compare also the rare Dutch pouren (“to pour”).
Displaced Middle English schenchen, Middle English schenken (“to pour”) (from Old English sċenċan (“to pour out”), whence dialectal English shink, and Old Norse skenkja, whence dialectal English skink, and akin to Dutch schenken (“to pour; to gift”)), Middle English ȝeoten, Middle English yetten (“to pour”) (from Old English ġēotan (“to pour”) and akin to German gießen (“to pour”)), Middle English birlen (“to pour, serve drink to”) (from Old English byrelian (“to pour, serve drink to”)), Middle English hellen (“to pour, pour out”) (from Old Norse hella (“to pour out, incline”)). Largely displaced English teem, from Middle English temen (“to pour out, empty”) (from Old Norse tœma (“to pour out, empty”)).
VerbEdit
pour (third-person singular simple present pours, present participle pouring, simple past and past participle poured)
- (transitive) To cause (liquid, or liquid-like substance) to flow in a stream, either out of a container or into it.
- pour water from a jug
- pour wine into a decanter
- to pour oil onto chips
- to pour out sand or dust.
- (transitive, figurative) To send out as in a stream or a flood; to cause (an emotion) to come out; to cause to escape.
- My teacher poured scorn on my attempts at writing.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, prologue]:
- How London doth pour out her citizens.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Samuel 1:15:
- […] I haue drunke neither wine nor strong drinke, but haue powred out my soule before the Lord.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ezekiel 7:8:
- Now will I shortly powre out my furie vpon thee, and accomplish mine anger vpon thee […]
- 1637, John Milton, A Mask presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634, lines 710-711:
- Wherefore did Nature pour her bounties forth / With such a full and unwithdrawing hand?
- 2013 August 10, “Can China clean up fast enough?”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
- At the same time, it is pouring money into cleaning up the country.
- (transitive) To send forth from, as in a stream; to discharge uninterruptedly.
- 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:
- Is it for thee the linnet pours his throat?
- (intransitive) To flow, pass or issue in a stream; to fall continuously and abundantly.
- the rain poured down.
- (impersonal) To rain hard.
- It's pouring outside.
- (intransitive) Of a beverage, to be on tap or otherwise available for serving to customers.
- (intransitive) To move in a throng, as a crowd.
- 1716, John Gay, Trivia: Or, The Art of Walking the Streets of London
- In the rude throng pour on with furious pace.
- 2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1-1 Leeds”, in BBC:
- In a breathless finish Arsenal poured forward looking for a winner but Leeds held out for a deserved replay after Bendtner wastefully fired wide and Schmeichel acrobatically kept out Denilson's rasping effort
- The people poured out of the theater.
- 1716, John Gay, Trivia: Or, The Art of Walking the Streets of London
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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NounEdit
pour (plural pours)
- The act of pouring.
- The bartender's inexpert pour left me with a pint of beer that was half foam.
- Something, or an amount, poured.
- 2003, John Brian Newman, B. S. Choo, Advanced concrete technology: Volume 2
- Over this time period, the first concrete pour has not only lost workability but has started to set so that it is no longer affected by the action of a vibrator.
- 2003, John Brian Newman, B. S. Choo, Advanced concrete technology: Volume 2
- (colloquial) A downpour, or flood of precipitation.
- 1831, Susan Ferrier, Destiny; or, the Chief's Daughter[1], page 84:
- Then, as if to give the lie to the offensive insinuation, he mounted his horse, and rode home ten miles in a pour of rain, without a great coat or umbrella.
- 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, Olympia Press:
- But then one of Mr. Knott's men would have had to put on his coat and hat and turn out, as likely as not in the pitch dark, and in torrents of rain in all probability, and grope his way in the dark in the pours of rain, with the pot of food in his hand, a wretched and ridiculous figure, to where the dog lay.
TranslationsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
VerbEdit
pour
- Misspelling of pore.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ “Pour” in John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, 1791, →OCLC, page 402.
AnagramsEdit
Alemannic GermanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German būre, gibūre, from Old High German gibūro, from būr (“peasant”). Cognate with German Bauer, Dutch buur, English bower.
NounEdit
pour m
ReferencesEdit
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle French pour, from Old French por, pur, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
pour
- for (meant for, intended for) (followed by a noun or pronoun)
- J'ai un cadeau pour toi.
- I've got a gift for you.
- for (in support of)
- Pourquoi voter pour lui ?
- Why did you vote for him?
- for (as a consequence for)
- Il faut le punir pour ses crimes.
- He must be punished for his crimes.
- for (an intended destination)
- Sébastien est parti pour Londres.
- Sébastien left for London.
- to (to bring about an intended result) (followed by a verb in the infinitive)
- 2021, Angèle, Démons
- Comment faire pour tuer mes démons ?
- How to kill my demons?
- Je veux chanter pour te faire revenir.
- I want to sing to make you come back.
- 2021, Angèle, Démons
- for, to (according to)
- Pour moi, ce film est trop irréaliste.
- For me, this film is too unrealistic.
Derived termsEdit
- peser le pour et le contre
- pour ainsi dire
- pourboire m
- pour ce qui est de
- pour-cent m
- pour-compte m
- pour que
Further readingEdit
- “pour”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
AnagramsEdit
Middle FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French por, pur.
PrepositionEdit
pour
- for (indicates an intended aim or recipient)
- 1488, Jean Dupré, Lancelot du Lac, page 41:
- Dieu le scet que ie ne le faisoye se non pour bien & pour Dieu & pour franchise avoir
- God knows that I did for good, for God and to have freedom
DescendantsEdit
- French: pour
NormanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- pouor (Jersey)
EtymologyEdit
From Old French por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō.
PrepositionEdit
pour
RomanschEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- pur (peasant, farmer, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter)
- paur (Vallader)
- pur (pawn, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader)
EtymologyEdit
Of Germanic origin, cognate with German Bauer, Dutch boer.
NounEdit
pour m (plural pours)