Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukucwecwa
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukucwecwa
|
ukungacwecwi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
cwecwa
|
-cwecwe
|
Plural
|
cwecwani
|
-cwecweni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyacwecwa, ngicwecwa
|
engicwecwayo, engicwecwa
|
ngicwecwa
|
angicwecwi
|
engingacwecwi
|
ngingacwecwi
|
2nd singular
|
uyacwecwa, ucwecwa
|
ocwecwayo, ocwecwa
|
ucwecwa
|
awucwecwi
|
ongacwecwi
|
ungacwecwi
|
1st plural
|
siyacwecwa, sicwecwa
|
esicwecwayo, esicwecwa
|
sicwecwa
|
asicwecwi
|
esingacwecwi
|
singacwecwi
|
2nd plural
|
niyacwecwa, nicwecwa
|
enicwecwayo, enicwecwa
|
nicwecwa
|
anicwecwi
|
eningacwecwi
|
ningacwecwi
|
Class 1
|
uyacwecwa, ucwecwa
|
ocwecwayo, ocwecwa
|
ecwecwa
|
akacwecwi
|
ongacwecwi
|
engacwecwi
|
Class 2
|
bayacwecwa, bacwecwa
|
abacwecwayo, abacwecwa
|
becwecwa
|
abacwecwi
|
abangacwecwi
|
bengacwecwi
|
Class 3
|
uyacwecwa, ucwecwa
|
ocwecwayo, ocwecwa
|
ucwecwa
|
awucwecwi
|
ongacwecwi
|
ungacwecwi
|
Class 4
|
iyacwecwa, icwecwa
|
ecwecwayo, ecwecwa
|
icwecwa
|
ayicwecwi
|
engacwecwi
|
ingacwecwi
|
Class 5
|
liyacwecwa, licwecwa
|
elicwecwayo, elicwecwa
|
licwecwa
|
alicwecwi
|
elingacwecwi
|
lingacwecwi
|
Class 6
|
ayacwecwa, acwecwa
|
acwecwayo, acwecwa
|
ecwecwa
|
awacwecwi
|
angacwecwi
|
engacwecwi
|
Class 7
|
siyacwecwa, sicwecwa
|
esicwecwayo, esicwecwa
|
sicwecwa
|
asicwecwi
|
esingacwecwi
|
singacwecwi
|
Class 8
|
ziyacwecwa, zicwecwa
|
ezicwecwayo, ezicwecwa
|
zicwecwa
|
azicwecwi
|
ezingacwecwi
|
zingacwecwi
|
Class 9
|
iyacwecwa, icwecwa
|
ecwecwayo, ecwecwa
|
icwecwa
|
ayicwecwi
|
engacwecwi
|
ingacwecwi
|
Class 10
|
ziyacwecwa, zicwecwa
|
ezicwecwayo, ezicwecwa
|
zicwecwa
|
azicwecwi
|
ezingacwecwi
|
zingacwecwi
|
Class 11
|
luyacwecwa, lucwecwa
|
olucwecwayo, olucwecwa
|
lucwecwa
|
alucwecwi
|
olungacwecwi
|
lungacwecwi
|
Class 14
|
buyacwecwa, bucwecwa
|
obucwecwayo, obucwecwa
|
bucwecwa
|
abucwecwi
|
obungacwecwi
|
bungacwecwi
|
Class 15
|
kuyacwecwa, kucwecwa
|
okucwecwayo, okucwecwa
|
kucwecwa
|
akucwecwi
|
okungacwecwi
|
kungacwecwi
|
Class 17
|
kuyacwecwa, kucwecwa
|
okucwecwayo, okucwecwa
|
kucwecwa
|
akucwecwi
|
okungacwecwi
|
kungacwecwi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngicwecwile, ngicwecwē
|
engicwecwile, engicwecwē
|
ngicwecwile, ngicwecwē
|
angicwecwanga
|
engingacwecwanga
|
ngingacwecwanga
|
2nd singular
|
ucwecwile, ucwecwē
|
ocwecwile, ocwecwē
|
ucwecwile, ucwecwē
|
awucwecwanga
|
ongacwecwanga
|
ungacwecwanga
|
1st plural
|
sicwecwile, sicwecwē
|
esicwecwile, esicwecwē
|
sicwecwile, sicwecwē
|
asicwecwanga
|
esingacwecwanga
|
singacwecwanga
|
2nd plural
|
nicwecwile, nicwecwē
|
enicwecwile, enicwecwē
|
nicwecwile, nicwecwē
|
anicwecwanga
|
eningacwecwanga
|
ningacwecwanga
|
Class 1
|
ucwecwile, ucwecwē
|
ocwecwile, ocwecwē
|
ecwecwile, ecwecwē
|
akacwecwanga
|
ongacwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
Class 2
|
bacwecwile, bacwecwē
|
abacwecwile, abacwecwē
|
becwecwile, becwecwē
|
abacwecwanga
|
abangacwecwanga
|
bengacwecwanga
|
Class 3
|
ucwecwile, ucwecwē
|
ocwecwile, ocwecwē
|
ucwecwile, ucwecwē
|
awucwecwanga
|
ongacwecwanga
|
ungacwecwanga
|
Class 4
|
icwecwile, icwecwē
|
ecwecwile, ecwecwē
|
icwecwile, icwecwē
|
ayicwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
ingacwecwanga
|
Class 5
|
licwecwile, licwecwē
|
elicwecwile, elicwecwē
|
licwecwile, licwecwē
|
alicwecwanga
|
elingacwecwanga
|
lingacwecwanga
|
Class 6
|
acwecwile, acwecwē
|
acwecwile, acwecwē
|
ecwecwile, ecwecwē
|
awacwecwanga
|
angacwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
Class 7
|
sicwecwile, sicwecwē
|
esicwecwile, esicwecwē
|
sicwecwile, sicwecwē
|
asicwecwanga
|
esingacwecwanga
|
singacwecwanga
|
Class 8
|
zicwecwile, zicwecwē
|
ezicwecwile, ezicwecwē
|
zicwecwile, zicwecwē
|
azicwecwanga
|
ezingacwecwanga
|
zingacwecwanga
|
Class 9
|
icwecwile, icwecwē
|
ecwecwile, ecwecwē
|
icwecwile, icwecwē
|
ayicwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
ingacwecwanga
|
Class 10
|
zicwecwile, zicwecwē
|
ezicwecwile, ezicwecwē
|
zicwecwile, zicwecwē
|
azicwecwanga
|
ezingacwecwanga
|
zingacwecwanga
|
Class 11
|
lucwecwile, lucwecwē
|
olucwecwile, olucwecwē
|
lucwecwile, lucwecwē
|
alucwecwanga
|
olungacwecwanga
|
lungacwecwanga
|
Class 14
|
bucwecwile, bucwecwē
|
obucwecwile, obucwecwē
|
bucwecwile, bucwecwē
|
abucwecwanga
|
obungacwecwanga
|
bungacwecwanga
|
Class 15
|
kucwecwile, kucwecwē
|
okucwecwile, okucwecwē
|
kucwecwile, kucwecwē
|
akucwecwanga
|
okungacwecwanga
|
kungacwecwanga
|
Class 17
|
kucwecwile, kucwecwē
|
okucwecwile, okucwecwē
|
kucwecwile, kucwecwē
|
akucwecwanga
|
okungacwecwanga
|
kungacwecwanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngācwecwa
|
engācwecwa
|
ngācwecwa
|
angicwecwanga
|
engingacwecwanga
|
ngingacwecwanga
|
2nd singular
|
wācwecwa
|
owācwecwa
|
wācwecwa
|
awucwecwanga
|
ongacwecwanga
|
ungacwecwanga
|
1st plural
|
sācwecwa
|
esācwecwa
|
sācwecwa
|
asicwecwanga
|
esingacwecwanga
|
singacwecwanga
|
2nd plural
|
nācwecwa
|
enācwecwa
|
nācwecwa
|
anicwecwanga
|
eningacwecwanga
|
ningacwecwanga
|
Class 1
|
wācwecwa
|
owācwecwa
|
ācwecwa
|
akacwecwanga
|
ongacwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
Class 2
|
bācwecwa
|
abācwecwa
|
bācwecwa
|
abacwecwanga
|
abangacwecwanga
|
bengacwecwanga
|
Class 3
|
wācwecwa
|
owācwecwa
|
wācwecwa
|
awucwecwanga
|
ongacwecwanga
|
ungacwecwanga
|
Class 4
|
yācwecwa
|
eyācwecwa
|
yācwecwa
|
ayicwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
ingacwecwanga
|
Class 5
|
lācwecwa
|
elācwecwa
|
lācwecwa
|
alicwecwanga
|
elingacwecwanga
|
lingacwecwanga
|
Class 6
|
ācwecwa
|
ācwecwa
|
ācwecwa
|
awacwecwanga
|
angacwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
Class 7
|
sācwecwa
|
esācwecwa
|
sācwecwa
|
asicwecwanga
|
esingacwecwanga
|
singacwecwanga
|
Class 8
|
zācwecwa
|
ezācwecwa
|
zācwecwa
|
azicwecwanga
|
ezingacwecwanga
|
zingacwecwanga
|
Class 9
|
yācwecwa
|
eyācwecwa
|
yācwecwa
|
ayicwecwanga
|
engacwecwanga
|
ingacwecwanga
|
Class 10
|
zācwecwa
|
ezācwecwa
|
zācwecwa
|
azicwecwanga
|
ezingacwecwanga
|
zingacwecwanga
|
Class 11
|
lwācwecwa
|
olwācwecwa
|
lwācwecwa
|
alucwecwanga
|
olungacwecwanga
|
lungacwecwanga
|
Class 14
|
bācwecwa
|
obācwecwa
|
bācwecwa
|
abucwecwanga
|
obungacwecwanga
|
bungacwecwanga
|
Class 15
|
kwācwecwa
|
okwācwecwa
|
kwācwecwa
|
akucwecwanga
|
okungacwecwanga
|
kungacwecwanga
|
Class 17
|
kwācwecwa
|
okwācwecwa
|
kwācwecwa
|
akucwecwanga
|
okungacwecwanga
|
kungacwecwanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingacwecwa
|
—
|
ngingacwecwa
|
ngingecwecwe
|
—
|
ngingecwecwe
|
2nd singular
|
ungacwecwa
|
—
|
ungacwecwa
|
ungecwecwe
|
—
|
ungecwecwe
|
1st plural
|
singacwecwa
|
—
|
singacwecwa
|
singecwecwe
|
—
|
singecwecwe
|
2nd plural
|
ningacwecwa
|
—
|
ningacwecwa
|
ningecwecwe
|
—
|
ningecwecwe
|
Class 1
|
angacwecwa
|
—
|
engacwecwa
|
angecwecwe
|
—
|
engecwecwe
|
Class 2
|
bangacwecwa
|
—
|
bengacwecwa
|
bangecwecwe
|
—
|
bengecwecwe
|
Class 3
|
ungacwecwa
|
—
|
ungacwecwa
|
ungecwecwe
|
—
|
ungecwecwe
|
Class 4
|
ingacwecwa
|
—
|
ingacwecwa
|
ingecwecwe
|
—
|
ingecwecwe
|
Class 5
|
lingacwecwa
|
—
|
lingacwecwa
|
lingecwecwe
|
—
|
lingecwecwe
|
Class 6
|
angacwecwa
|
—
|
engacwecwa
|
angecwecwe
|
—
|
engecwecwe
|
Class 7
|
singacwecwa
|
—
|
singacwecwa
|
singecwecwe
|
—
|
singecwecwe
|
Class 8
|
zingacwecwa
|
—
|
zingacwecwa
|
zingecwecwe
|
—
|
zingecwecwe
|
Class 9
|
ingacwecwa
|
—
|
ingacwecwa
|
ingecwecwe
|
—
|
ingecwecwe
|
Class 10
|
zingacwecwa
|
—
|
zingacwecwa
|
zingecwecwe
|
—
|
zingecwecwe
|
Class 11
|
lungacwecwa
|
—
|
lungacwecwa
|
lungecwecwe
|
—
|
lungecwecwe
|
Class 14
|
bungacwecwa
|
—
|
bungacwecwa
|
bungecwecwe
|
—
|
bungecwecwe
|
Class 15
|
kungacwecwa
|
—
|
kungacwecwa
|
kungecwecwe
|
—
|
kungecwecwe
|
Class 17
|
kungacwecwa
|
—
|
kungacwecwa
|
kungecwecwe
|
—
|
kungecwecwe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizocwecwa
|
engizocwecwa
|
ngizocwecwa
|
angizucwecwa
|
engingezucwecwa
|
ngingezucwecwa
|
2nd singular
|
uzocwecwa
|
ozocwecwa
|
uzocwecwa
|
awuzucwecwa
|
ongezucwecwa
|
ungezucwecwa
|
1st plural
|
sizocwecwa
|
esizocwecwa
|
sizocwecwa
|
asizucwecwa
|
esingezucwecwa
|
singezucwecwa
|
2nd plural
|
nizocwecwa
|
enizocwecwa
|
nizocwecwa
|
anizucwecwa
|
eningezucwecwa
|
ningezucwecwa
|
Class 1
|
uzocwecwa
|
ozocwecwa
|
ezocwecwa
|
akazucwecwa
|
ongezucwecwa
|
engezucwecwa
|
Class 2
|
bazocwecwa
|
abazocwecwa
|
bezocwecwa
|
abazucwecwa
|
abangezucwecwa
|
bengezucwecwa
|
Class 3
|
uzocwecwa
|
ozocwecwa
|
uzocwecwa
|
awuzucwecwa
|
ongezucwecwa
|
ungezucwecwa
|
Class 4
|
izocwecwa
|
ezocwecwa
|
izocwecwa
|
ayizucwecwa
|
engezucwecwa
|
ingezucwecwa
|
Class 5
|
lizocwecwa
|
elizocwecwa
|
lizocwecwa
|
alizucwecwa
|
elingezucwecwa
|
lingezucwecwa
|
Class 6
|
azocwecwa
|
azocwecwa
|
ezocwecwa
|
awazucwecwa
|
angezucwecwa
|
engezucwecwa
|
Class 7
|
sizocwecwa
|
esizocwecwa
|
sizocwecwa
|
asizucwecwa
|
esingezucwecwa
|
singezucwecwa
|
Class 8
|
zizocwecwa
|
ezizocwecwa
|
zizocwecwa
|
azizucwecwa
|
ezingezucwecwa
|
zingezucwecwa
|
Class 9
|
izocwecwa
|
ezocwecwa
|
izocwecwa
|
ayizucwecwa
|
engezucwecwa
|
ingezucwecwa
|
Class 10
|
zizocwecwa
|
ezizocwecwa
|
zizocwecwa
|
azizucwecwa
|
ezingezucwecwa
|
zingezucwecwa
|
Class 11
|
luzocwecwa
|
oluzocwecwa
|
luzocwecwa
|
aluzucwecwa
|
olungezucwecwa
|
lungezucwecwa
|
Class 14
|
buzocwecwa
|
obuzocwecwa
|
buzocwecwa
|
abuzucwecwa
|
obungezucwecwa
|
bungezucwecwa
|
Class 15
|
kuzocwecwa
|
okuzocwecwa
|
kuzocwecwa
|
akuzucwecwa
|
okungezucwecwa
|
kungezucwecwa
|
Class 17
|
kuzocwecwa
|
okuzocwecwa
|
kuzocwecwa
|
akuzucwecwa
|
okungezucwecwa
|
kungezucwecwa
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyocwecwa
|
engiyocwecwa
|
ngiyocwecwa
|
angiyucwecwa
|
engingeyucwecwa
|
ngingeyucwecwa
|
2nd singular
|
uyocwecwa
|
oyocwecwa
|
uyocwecwa
|
awuyucwecwa
|
ongeyucwecwa
|
ungeyucwecwa
|
1st plural
|
siyocwecwa
|
esiyocwecwa
|
siyocwecwa
|
asiyucwecwa
|
esingeyucwecwa
|
singeyucwecwa
|
2nd plural
|
niyocwecwa
|
eniyocwecwa
|
niyocwecwa
|
aniyucwecwa
|
eningeyucwecwa
|
ningeyucwecwa
|
Class 1
|
uyocwecwa
|
oyocwecwa
|
eyocwecwa
|
akayucwecwa
|
ongeyucwecwa
|
engeyucwecwa
|
Class 2
|
bayocwecwa
|
abayocwecwa
|
beyocwecwa
|
abayucwecwa
|
abangeyucwecwa
|
bengeyucwecwa
|
Class 3
|
uyocwecwa
|
oyocwecwa
|
uyocwecwa
|
awuyucwecwa
|
ongeyucwecwa
|
ungeyucwecwa
|
Class 4
|
iyocwecwa
|
eyocwecwa
|
iyocwecwa
|
ayiyucwecwa
|
engeyucwecwa
|
ingeyucwecwa
|
Class 5
|
liyocwecwa
|
eliyocwecwa
|
liyocwecwa
|
aliyucwecwa
|
elingeyucwecwa
|
lingeyucwecwa
|
Class 6
|
ayocwecwa
|
ayocwecwa
|
eyocwecwa
|
awayucwecwa
|
angeyucwecwa
|
engeyucwecwa
|
Class 7
|
siyocwecwa
|
esiyocwecwa
|
siyocwecwa
|
asiyucwecwa
|
esingeyucwecwa
|
singeyucwecwa
|
Class 8
|
ziyocwecwa
|
eziyocwecwa
|
ziyocwecwa
|
aziyucwecwa
|
ezingeyucwecwa
|
zingeyucwecwa
|
Class 9
|
iyocwecwa
|
eyocwecwa
|
iyocwecwa
|
ayiyucwecwa
|
engeyucwecwa
|
ingeyucwecwa
|
Class 10
|
ziyocwecwa
|
eziyocwecwa
|
ziyocwecwa
|
aziyucwecwa
|
ezingeyucwecwa
|
zingeyucwecwa
|
Class 11
|
luyocwecwa
|
oluyocwecwa
|
luyocwecwa
|
aluyucwecwa
|
olungeyucwecwa
|
lungeyucwecwa
|
Class 14
|
buyocwecwa
|
obuyocwecwa
|
buyocwecwa
|
abuyucwecwa
|
obungeyucwecwa
|
bungeyucwecwa
|
Class 15
|
kuyocwecwa
|
okuyocwecwa
|
kuyocwecwa
|
akuyucwecwa
|
okungeyucwecwa
|
kungeyucwecwa
|
Class 17
|
kuyocwecwa
|
okuyocwecwa
|
kuyocwecwa
|
akuyucwecwa
|
okungeyucwecwa
|
kungeyucwecwa
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngicwecwe
|
ngingacwecwi
|
2nd singular
|
ucwecwe
|
ungacwecwi
|
1st plural
|
sicwecwe
|
singacwecwi
|
2nd plural
|
nicwecwe
|
ningacwecwi
|
Class 1
|
acwecwe
|
angacwecwi
|
Class 2
|
bacwecwe
|
bangacwecwi
|
Class 3
|
ucwecwe
|
ungacwecwi
|
Class 4
|
icwecwe
|
ingacwecwi
|
Class 5
|
licwecwe
|
lingacwecwi
|
Class 6
|
acwecwe
|
angacwecwi
|
Class 7
|
sicwecwe
|
singacwecwi
|
Class 8
|
zicwecwe
|
zingacwecwi
|
Class 9
|
icwecwe
|
ingacwecwi
|
Class 10
|
zicwecwe
|
zingacwecwi
|
Class 11
|
lucwecwe
|
lungacwecwi
|
Class 14
|
bucwecwe
|
bungacwecwi
|
Class 15
|
kucwecwe
|
kungacwecwi
|
Class 17
|
kucwecwe
|
kungacwecwi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngacwecwa
|
ngangacwecwa, angacwecwa, angangacwecwa
|
2nd singular
|
wacwecwa
|
wangacwecwa, awacwecwa, awangacwecwa
|
1st plural
|
sacwecwa
|
sangacwecwa, asacwecwa, asangacwecwa
|
2nd plural
|
nacwecwa
|
nangacwecwa, anacwecwa, anangacwecwa
|
Class 1
|
wacwecwa
|
wangacwecwa, akacwecwa, akangacwecwa
|
Class 2
|
bacwecwa
|
bangacwecwa, abacwecwa, abangacwecwa
|
Class 3
|
wacwecwa
|
wangacwecwa, awacwecwa, awangacwecwa
|
Class 4
|
yacwecwa
|
yangacwecwa, ayacwecwa, ayangacwecwa
|
Class 5
|
lacwecwa
|
langacwecwa, alacwecwa, alangacwecwa
|
Class 6
|
acwecwa
|
angacwecwa, awacwecwa, awangacwecwa
|
Class 7
|
sacwecwa
|
sangacwecwa, asacwecwa, asangacwecwa
|
Class 8
|
zacwecwa
|
zangacwecwa, azacwecwa, azangacwecwa
|
Class 9
|
yacwecwa
|
yangacwecwa, ayacwecwa, ayangacwecwa
|
Class 10
|
zacwecwa
|
zangacwecwa, azacwecwa, azangacwecwa
|
Class 11
|
lwacwecwa
|
lwangacwecwa, alwacwecwa, alwangacwecwa
|
Class 14
|
bacwecwa
|
bangacwecwa, abacwecwa, abangacwecwa
|
Class 15
|
kwacwecwa
|
kwangacwecwa, akwacwecwa, akwangacwecwa
|
Class 17
|
kwacwecwa
|
kwangacwecwa, akwacwecwa, akwangacwecwa
|