cyfiawnhau

Welsh

Etymology

From cyfiawn (“just, right”) +‎ -hau.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˌkəvjau̯nˈhaɨ̯/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˌkəvjau̯nˈhai̯/
• Rhymes: -aɨ̯

Verb

cyfiawnhau (first-person singular present cyfiawnhaf)

1. (transitive) to justify
2. (transitive) to vindicate

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	cyfiawnhaf	cyfiawnhei	cyfiawnha	cyfiawnhawn	cyfiawnhewch	cyfiawnhânt	cyfiawnheir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional	cyfiawnhawn	cyfiawnhait	cyfiawnhâi	cyfiawnhaem	cyfiawnhaech	cyfiawnhaent	cyfiawnheid
preterite	cyfiawnheais	cyfiawnheaist	cyfiawnhaodd	cyfiawnhasom	cyfiawnhasoch	cyfiawnhasant	cyfiawnhawyd
pluperfect	cyfiawnhaswn	cyfiawnhasit	cyfiawnhasai	cyfiawnhasem	cyfiawnhasech	cyfiawnhasent	cyfiawnhasid, cyfiawnhesid
present subjunctive	cyfiawnhawyf	cyfiawnheych	cyfiawnhao	cyfiawnhaom	cyfiawnhaoch	cyfiawnhaont	cyfiawnhaer
imperative	—	cyfiawnha	cyfiawnhaed	cyfiawnhawn	cyfiawnhewch	cyfiawnhaent	cyfiawnhaer
verbal noun	cyfiawnhau
verbal adjectives	cyfiawnhedig cyfiawnhadwy

Derived terms

• cyfiawnhad (“justification; vindication”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cyfiawnhau	gyfiawnhau	nghyfiawnhau	chyfiawnhau
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyfiawnhau”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies