dumisa

Fanagalo

Etymology

From Zulu -dumisa.

Verb

dumisa

1. to praise

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-dumisa^?

1. (transitive) to praise

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-dumisa^?

1. (transitive) to praise

Inflection

Tone unknown
Infinitive	ukudumisa
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukudumisa	ukungadumisi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	dumisa	-dumise
Plural	dumisani	-dumiseni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyadumisa, ngidumisa	engidumisayo, engidumisa	ngidumisa	angidumisi	engingadumisi	ngingadumisi
2nd singular	uyadumisa, udumisa	odumisayo, odumisa	udumisa	awudumisi	ongadumisi	ungadumisi
1st plural	siyadumisa, sidumisa	esidumisayo, esidumisa	sidumisa	asidumisi	esingadumisi	singadumisi
2nd plural	niyadumisa, nidumisa	enidumisayo, enidumisa	nidumisa	anidumisi	eningadumisi	ningadumisi
Class 1	uyadumisa, udumisa	odumisayo, odumisa	edumisa	akadumisi	ongadumisi	engadumisi
Class 2	bayadumisa, badumisa	abadumisayo, abadumisa	bedumisa	abadumisi	abangadumisi	bengadumisi
Class 3	uyadumisa, udumisa	odumisayo, odumisa	udumisa	awudumisi	ongadumisi	ungadumisi
Class 4	iyadumisa, idumisa	edumisayo, edumisa	idumisa	ayidumisi	engadumisi	ingadumisi
Class 5	liyadumisa, lidumisa	elidumisayo, elidumisa	lidumisa	alidumisi	elingadumisi	lingadumisi
Class 6	ayadumisa, adumisa	adumisayo, adumisa	edumisa	awadumisi	angadumisi	engadumisi
Class 7	siyadumisa, sidumisa	esidumisayo, esidumisa	sidumisa	asidumisi	esingadumisi	singadumisi
Class 8	ziyadumisa, zidumisa	ezidumisayo, ezidumisa	zidumisa	azidumisi	ezingadumisi	zingadumisi
Class 9	iyadumisa, idumisa	edumisayo, edumisa	idumisa	ayidumisi	engadumisi	ingadumisi
Class 10	ziyadumisa, zidumisa	ezidumisayo, ezidumisa	zidumisa	azidumisi	ezingadumisi	zingadumisi
Class 11	luyadumisa, ludumisa	oludumisayo, oludumisa	ludumisa	aludumisi	olungadumisi	lungadumisi
Class 14	buyadumisa, budumisa	obudumisayo, obudumisa	budumisa	abudumisi	obungadumisi	bungadumisi
Class 15	kuyadumisa, kudumisa	okudumisayo, okudumisa	kudumisa	akudumisi	okungadumisi	kungadumisi
Class 17	kuyadumisa, kudumisa	okudumisayo, okudumisa	kudumisa	akudumisi	okungadumisi	kungadumisi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngidumisile, ngidumisē	engidumisile, engidumisē	ngidumisile, ngidumisē	angidumisanga	engingadumisanga	ngingadumisanga
2nd singular	udumisile, udumisē	odumisile, odumisē	udumisile, udumisē	awudumisanga	ongadumisanga	ungadumisanga
1st plural	sidumisile, sidumisē	esidumisile, esidumisē	sidumisile, sidumisē	asidumisanga	esingadumisanga	singadumisanga
2nd plural	nidumisile, nidumisē	enidumisile, enidumisē	nidumisile, nidumisē	anidumisanga	eningadumisanga	ningadumisanga
Class 1	udumisile, udumisē	odumisile, odumisē	edumisile, edumisē	akadumisanga	ongadumisanga	engadumisanga
Class 2	badumisile, badumisē	abadumisile, abadumisē	bedumisile, bedumisē	abadumisanga	abangadumisanga	bengadumisanga
Class 3	udumisile, udumisē	odumisile, odumisē	udumisile, udumisē	awudumisanga	ongadumisanga	ungadumisanga
Class 4	idumisile, idumisē	edumisile, edumisē	idumisile, idumisē	ayidumisanga	engadumisanga	ingadumisanga
Class 5	lidumisile, lidumisē	elidumisile, elidumisē	lidumisile, lidumisē	alidumisanga	elingadumisanga	lingadumisanga
Class 6	adumisile, adumisē	adumisile, adumisē	edumisile, edumisē	awadumisanga	angadumisanga	engadumisanga
Class 7	sidumisile, sidumisē	esidumisile, esidumisē	sidumisile, sidumisē	asidumisanga	esingadumisanga	singadumisanga
Class 8	zidumisile, zidumisē	ezidumisile, ezidumisē	zidumisile, zidumisē	azidumisanga	ezingadumisanga	zingadumisanga
Class 9	idumisile, idumisē	edumisile, edumisē	idumisile, idumisē	ayidumisanga	engadumisanga	ingadumisanga
Class 10	zidumisile, zidumisē	ezidumisile, ezidumisē	zidumisile, zidumisē	azidumisanga	ezingadumisanga	zingadumisanga
Class 11	ludumisile, ludumisē	oludumisile, oludumisē	ludumisile, ludumisē	aludumisanga	olungadumisanga	lungadumisanga
Class 14	budumisile, budumisē	obudumisile, obudumisē	budumisile, budumisē	abudumisanga	obungadumisanga	bungadumisanga
Class 15	kudumisile, kudumisē	okudumisile, okudumisē	kudumisile, kudumisē	akudumisanga	okungadumisanga	kungadumisanga
Class 17	kudumisile, kudumisē	okudumisile, okudumisē	kudumisile, kudumisē	akudumisanga	okungadumisanga	kungadumisanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngādumisa	engādumisa	ngādumisa	angidumisanga	engingadumisanga	ngingadumisanga
2nd singular	wādumisa	owādumisa	wādumisa	awudumisanga	ongadumisanga	ungadumisanga
1st plural	sādumisa	esādumisa	sādumisa	asidumisanga	esingadumisanga	singadumisanga
2nd plural	nādumisa	enādumisa	nādumisa	anidumisanga	eningadumisanga	ningadumisanga
Class 1	wādumisa	owādumisa	ādumisa	akadumisanga	ongadumisanga	engadumisanga
Class 2	bādumisa	abādumisa	bādumisa	abadumisanga	abangadumisanga	bengadumisanga
Class 3	wādumisa	owādumisa	wādumisa	awudumisanga	ongadumisanga	ungadumisanga
Class 4	yādumisa	eyādumisa	yādumisa	ayidumisanga	engadumisanga	ingadumisanga
Class 5	lādumisa	elādumisa	lādumisa	alidumisanga	elingadumisanga	lingadumisanga
Class 6	ādumisa	ādumisa	ādumisa	awadumisanga	angadumisanga	engadumisanga
Class 7	sādumisa	esādumisa	sādumisa	asidumisanga	esingadumisanga	singadumisanga
Class 8	zādumisa	ezādumisa	zādumisa	azidumisanga	ezingadumisanga	zingadumisanga
Class 9	yādumisa	eyādumisa	yādumisa	ayidumisanga	engadumisanga	ingadumisanga
Class 10	zādumisa	ezādumisa	zādumisa	azidumisanga	ezingadumisanga	zingadumisanga
Class 11	lwādumisa	olwādumisa	lwādumisa	aludumisanga	olungadumisanga	lungadumisanga
Class 14	bādumisa	obādumisa	bādumisa	abudumisanga	obungadumisanga	bungadumisanga
Class 15	kwādumisa	okwādumisa	kwādumisa	akudumisanga	okungadumisanga	kungadumisanga
Class 17	kwādumisa	okwādumisa	kwādumisa	akudumisanga	okungadumisanga	kungadumisanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingadumisa	—	ngingadumisa	ngingedumise	—	ngingedumise
2nd singular	ungadumisa	—	ungadumisa	ungedumise	—	ungedumise
1st plural	singadumisa	—	singadumisa	singedumise	—	singedumise
2nd plural	ningadumisa	—	ningadumisa	ningedumise	—	ningedumise
Class 1	angadumisa	—	engadumisa	angedumise	—	engedumise
Class 2	bangadumisa	—	bengadumisa	bangedumise	—	bengedumise
Class 3	ungadumisa	—	ungadumisa	ungedumise	—	ungedumise
Class 4	ingadumisa	—	ingadumisa	ingedumise	—	ingedumise
Class 5	lingadumisa	—	lingadumisa	lingedumise	—	lingedumise
Class 6	angadumisa	—	engadumisa	angedumise	—	engedumise
Class 7	singadumisa	—	singadumisa	singedumise	—	singedumise
Class 8	zingadumisa	—	zingadumisa	zingedumise	—	zingedumise
Class 9	ingadumisa	—	ingadumisa	ingedumise	—	ingedumise
Class 10	zingadumisa	—	zingadumisa	zingedumise	—	zingedumise
Class 11	lungadumisa	—	lungadumisa	lungedumise	—	lungedumise
Class 14	bungadumisa	—	bungadumisa	bungedumise	—	bungedumise
Class 15	kungadumisa	—	kungadumisa	kungedumise	—	kungedumise
Class 17	kungadumisa	—	kungadumisa	kungedumise	—	kungedumise
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizodumisa	engizodumisa	ngizodumisa	angizudumisa	engingezudumisa	ngingezudumisa
2nd singular	uzodumisa	ozodumisa	uzodumisa	awuzudumisa	ongezudumisa	ungezudumisa
1st plural	sizodumisa	esizodumisa	sizodumisa	asizudumisa	esingezudumisa	singezudumisa
2nd plural	nizodumisa	enizodumisa	nizodumisa	anizudumisa	eningezudumisa	ningezudumisa
Class 1	uzodumisa	ozodumisa	ezodumisa	akazudumisa	ongezudumisa	engezudumisa
Class 2	bazodumisa	abazodumisa	bezodumisa	abazudumisa	abangezudumisa	bengezudumisa
Class 3	uzodumisa	ozodumisa	uzodumisa	awuzudumisa	ongezudumisa	ungezudumisa
Class 4	izodumisa	ezodumisa	izodumisa	ayizudumisa	engezudumisa	ingezudumisa
Class 5	lizodumisa	elizodumisa	lizodumisa	alizudumisa	elingezudumisa	lingezudumisa
Class 6	azodumisa	azodumisa	ezodumisa	awazudumisa	angezudumisa	engezudumisa
Class 7	sizodumisa	esizodumisa	sizodumisa	asizudumisa	esingezudumisa	singezudumisa
Class 8	zizodumisa	ezizodumisa	zizodumisa	azizudumisa	ezingezudumisa	zingezudumisa
Class 9	izodumisa	ezodumisa	izodumisa	ayizudumisa	engezudumisa	ingezudumisa
Class 10	zizodumisa	ezizodumisa	zizodumisa	azizudumisa	ezingezudumisa	zingezudumisa
Class 11	luzodumisa	oluzodumisa	luzodumisa	aluzudumisa	olungezudumisa	lungezudumisa
Class 14	buzodumisa	obuzodumisa	buzodumisa	abuzudumisa	obungezudumisa	bungezudumisa
Class 15	kuzodumisa	okuzodumisa	kuzodumisa	akuzudumisa	okungezudumisa	kungezudumisa
Class 17	kuzodumisa	okuzodumisa	kuzodumisa	akuzudumisa	okungezudumisa	kungezudumisa
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyodumisa	engiyodumisa	ngiyodumisa	angiyudumisa	engingeyudumisa	ngingeyudumisa
2nd singular	uyodumisa	oyodumisa	uyodumisa	awuyudumisa	ongeyudumisa	ungeyudumisa
1st plural	siyodumisa	esiyodumisa	siyodumisa	asiyudumisa	esingeyudumisa	singeyudumisa
2nd plural	niyodumisa	eniyodumisa	niyodumisa	aniyudumisa	eningeyudumisa	ningeyudumisa
Class 1	uyodumisa	oyodumisa	eyodumisa	akayudumisa	ongeyudumisa	engeyudumisa
Class 2	bayodumisa	abayodumisa	beyodumisa	abayudumisa	abangeyudumisa	bengeyudumisa
Class 3	uyodumisa	oyodumisa	uyodumisa	awuyudumisa	ongeyudumisa	ungeyudumisa
Class 4	iyodumisa	eyodumisa	iyodumisa	ayiyudumisa	engeyudumisa	ingeyudumisa
Class 5	liyodumisa	eliyodumisa	liyodumisa	aliyudumisa	elingeyudumisa	lingeyudumisa
Class 6	ayodumisa	ayodumisa	eyodumisa	awayudumisa	angeyudumisa	engeyudumisa
Class 7	siyodumisa	esiyodumisa	siyodumisa	asiyudumisa	esingeyudumisa	singeyudumisa
Class 8	ziyodumisa	eziyodumisa	ziyodumisa	aziyudumisa	ezingeyudumisa	zingeyudumisa
Class 9	iyodumisa	eyodumisa	iyodumisa	ayiyudumisa	engeyudumisa	ingeyudumisa
Class 10	ziyodumisa	eziyodumisa	ziyodumisa	aziyudumisa	ezingeyudumisa	zingeyudumisa
Class 11	luyodumisa	oluyodumisa	luyodumisa	aluyudumisa	olungeyudumisa	lungeyudumisa
Class 14	buyodumisa	obuyodumisa	buyodumisa	abuyudumisa	obungeyudumisa	bungeyudumisa
Class 15	kuyodumisa	okuyodumisa	kuyodumisa	akuyudumisa	okungeyudumisa	kungeyudumisa
Class 17	kuyodumisa	okuyodumisa	kuyodumisa	akuyudumisa	okungeyudumisa	kungeyudumisa
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngidumise	ngingadumisi
2nd singular	udumise	ungadumisi
1st plural	sidumise	singadumisi
2nd plural	nidumise	ningadumisi
Class 1	adumise	angadumisi
Class 2	badumise	bangadumisi
Class 3	udumise	ungadumisi
Class 4	idumise	ingadumisi
Class 5	lidumise	lingadumisi
Class 6	adumise	angadumisi
Class 7	sidumise	singadumisi
Class 8	zidumise	zingadumisi
Class 9	idumise	ingadumisi
Class 10	zidumise	zingadumisi
Class 11	ludumise	lungadumisi
Class 14	budumise	bungadumisi
Class 15	kudumise	kungadumisi
Class 17	kudumise	kungadumisi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngadumisa	ngangadumisa, angadumisa, angangadumisa
2nd singular	wadumisa	wangadumisa, awadumisa, awangadumisa
1st plural	sadumisa	sangadumisa, asadumisa, asangadumisa
2nd plural	nadumisa	nangadumisa, anadumisa, anangadumisa
Class 1	wadumisa	wangadumisa, akadumisa, akangadumisa
Class 2	badumisa	bangadumisa, abadumisa, abangadumisa
Class 3	wadumisa	wangadumisa, awadumisa, awangadumisa
Class 4	yadumisa	yangadumisa, ayadumisa, ayangadumisa
Class 5	ladumisa	langadumisa, aladumisa, alangadumisa
Class 6	adumisa	angadumisa, awadumisa, awangadumisa
Class 7	sadumisa	sangadumisa, asadumisa, asangadumisa
Class 8	zadumisa	zangadumisa, azadumisa, azangadumisa
Class 9	yadumisa	yangadumisa, ayadumisa, ayangadumisa
Class 10	zadumisa	zangadumisa, azadumisa, azangadumisa
Class 11	lwadumisa	lwangadumisa, alwadumisa, alwangadumisa
Class 14	badumisa	bangadumisa, abadumisa, abangadumisa
Class 15	kwadumisa	kwangadumisa, akwadumisa, akwangadumisa
Class 17	kwadumisa	kwangadumisa, akwadumisa, akwangadumisa

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “dumisa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “dumisa (3.2.9)”