gotin
Northern Kurdish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Iranian *gáwbati, from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”) with a -b⁽ʰ⁾- enlargement, perhaps connected to the synonymous *ǵʰewH-. Most probably a loan from Persian گفتن (goftan, “speak”), replacing native *bê(h)tin (somewhat preserved in most Kurdish languages and in the present stem -bêj- and galebêt, a variant of galegot (“chat; rumour”)). Persian verbs that end with -uft- often end with -eft- (or -aft- if transitive) in Kurdish, compare Persian شنفتن (šenoftan) and Central Kurdish ژنەفتن (jneftin). In this case a *geftin or *gaftin would have been expected, which is found in vegeftin (“to admit”), geft kirin (“to acknowledge”) and probably gef (“threat”) and gep (“cheek; chat”) (as in gep kirin (“to chat, talk”), akin to Persian گپ زدن which is likely Northwestern Iranic in origin).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editCentral Kurdish | گوتن (gutin), وتن (wtin) |
---|---|
Southern Kurdish | وتن (wtin) |
gotin
- (verb) to say
gotin (third-person singular simple present dibêje, past tense got, Arabic spelling گۆتن)
Conjugation
editinfinitive | gotin | ||||||||||||
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gerund | gotin | ||||||||||||
indicative active | |||||||||||||
present | 1s | ez dibêjim | 1p | em dibêjin | past | 1s | min got | 1p | me got | ||||
2s | tu dibêjî | 2p | hûn dibêjin | 2s | te got | 2p | we got | ||||||
3s | ew dibêje | 3p | ew dibêjin | 3s | wê/wî got | 3p | wan got | ||||||
future | 1s | ez dê/ê bibêjim | 1p | em dê/ê bibêjin | future perfect | 1s | ez dê/ê gotibim | 1p | em dê/ê gotibin | ||||
2s | tu dê/ê bibêjî | 2p | hûn dê/ê bibêjin | 2s | tu dê/ê gotibî | 2p | hûn dê/ê gotibin | ||||||
3s | ew dê/ê bibêje | 3p | ew dê/ê bibêjin | 3s | ew dê/ê gotibe | 3p | ew dê/ê gotibin | ||||||
present perfect | 1s | min gotiye | 1p | me gotiye | pluperfect | 1s | min gotibû | 1p | me gotibû | ||||
2s | te gotiye | 2p | we gotiye | 2s | te gotibû | 2p | we gotibû | ||||||
3s | wî gotiye | 3p | wan gotiye | 3s | wî gotibû | 3p | wan gotibû | ||||||
imperative | 2s | (tu) bibêje | 2p | (hûn) bibêjin | |||||||||
indicative active (negative) | |||||||||||||
present | 1s | ez nadibêjim | 1p | em nadibêjin | past | 1s | min negot | 1p | me negot | ||||
2s | tu nadibêjî | 2p | hûn nadibêjin | 2s | te negot | 2p | we negot | ||||||
3s | ew nadibêje | 3p | ew nadibêjin | 3s | wê/wî negot | 3p | wan negot | ||||||
future | 1s | ez dê/ê nebibêjim | 1p | em dê/ê nebibêjin | future perfect | 1s | ez dê/ê negotibim | 1p | em dê/ê negotibin | ||||
2s | tu dê/ê nebibêjî | 2p | hûn dê/ê nebibêjin | 2s | tu dê/ê negotibî | 2p | hûn dê/ê negotibin | ||||||
3s | ew dê/ê nebibêje | 3p | ew dê/ê nebibêjin | 3s | ew dê/ê negotibe | 3p | ew dê/ê negotibin | ||||||
present perfect | 1s | min negotiye | 1p | me negotiye | pluperfect | 1s | min negotibû | 1p | me negotibû | ||||
2s | te negotiye | 2p | we negotiye | 2s | te negotibû | 2p | we negotibû | ||||||
3s | wî negotiye | 3p | wan negotiye | 3s | wî negotibû | 3p | wan negotibû | ||||||
imperative | 2s | (tu) nebêje | 2p | (hûn) nebêjin | |||||||||
subjunctive active | |||||||||||||
present | 1s | ez bibêjim | 1p | em bibêjin | pluperfect | 1s | min gotibûye | 1p | me gotibûye | ||||
2s | tu bibêjî | 2p | hûn bibêjin | 2s | te gotibûye | 2p | we gotibûye | ||||||
3s | ew bibêje | 3p | ew bibêjin | 3s | wî gotibûye | 3p | wan gotibûye | ||||||
present perfect | 1s | min gotibe | 1p | me gotibe | |||||||||
2s | te gotibe | 2p | we gotibe | ||||||||||
3s | wî gotibe | 3p | wan gotibe | ||||||||||
conditional active | |||||||||||||
conditional I | 1s | min dê/ê bigota | 1p | me dê/ê bigota | conditional II | 1s | min dê/ê gotibûya | 1p | me dê/ê gotibûya | ||||
2s | te dê/ê bigota | 2p | we dê/ê bigota | 2s | te dê/ê gotibûya | 2p | we dê/ê gotibûya | ||||||
3s | wî/wê dê/ê bigota | 3p | wan dê/ê bigota | 3s | wî/wê dê/ê gotibûya | 3p | wan dê/ê gotibûya |
Derived terms
edit- Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Northern Kurdish terms borrowed from Persian
- Northern Kurdish terms derived from Persian
- Northern Kurdish 2-syllable words
- Northern Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Kurdish terms with audio links
- Northern Kurdish lemmas
- Northern Kurdish verbs