gwadu

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh gwadu, from Proto-Brythonic *gwodad, from Proto-Celtic *wotāti, from Proto-Indo-European *woth₂-éye-ti [whence also Latin vetō (“to forbid”)] from Proto-Indo-European *weth₂- (“to say”).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɡwadɨ̞/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɡwa(ː)di/
• Rhymes: -adɨ̞

Verb

gwadu (first-person singular present gwadaf)

1. (transitive) to deny
2. (transitive) to disavow, to disown

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	gwadaf	gwedi	gwad	gwadwn	gwedwch, gwadwch	gwadant	gwedir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	gwadwn	gwadit	gwadai	gwadem	gwadech	gwadent	gwedid
preterite	gwedais	gwedaist	gwadodd	gwadasom	gwadasoch	gwadasant	gwadwyd
pluperfect	gwadaswn	gwadasit	gwadasai	gwadasem	gwadasech	gwadasent	gwadasid, gwadesid
present subjunctive	gwadwyf	gwedych	gwado	gwadom	gwadoch	gwadont	gwader
imperative	—	gwada	gwaded	gwadwn	gwedwch, gwadwch	gwadent	gwader
verbal noun	gwadu
verbal adjectives	gwadedig gwadadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	gwada i, gwadaf i	gwadi di	gwadith o/e/hi, gwadiff e/hi	gwadwn ni	gwadwch chi	gwadan nhw
conditional	gwadwn i, gwadswn i	gwadet ti, gwadset ti	gwadai fo/fe/hi, gwadsai fo/fe/hi	gwaden ni, gwadsen ni	gwadech chi, gwadsech chi	gwaden nhw, gwadsen nhw
preterite	gwadais i, gwades i	gwadaist ti, gwadest ti	gwadodd o/e/hi	gwadon ni	gwadoch chi	gwadon nhw
imperative	—	gwada	—	—	gwadwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• gwadiad (“denial”)
• gwadwr (“denier”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gwadu	wadu	ngwadu	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.