hlikihla

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-cɪ̀kɪca.

Verb

-hlíkíhla

1. to wipe

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-cɪ̀kɪca.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɬiɠiːɬa/

Verb

-hlikihla

1. (transitive) to rub
2. (transitive) to massage

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuhlikihla
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuhlikihla	ukungahlikihli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	hlikihla	-hlikihle
Plural	hlikihlani	-hlikihleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyahlikihla, ngihlikihla	engihlikihlayo, engihlikihla	ngihlikihla	angihlikihli	engingahlikihli	ngingahlikihli
2nd singular	uyahlikihla, uhlikihla	ohlikihlayo, ohlikihla	uhlikihla	awuhlikihli	ongahlikihli	ungahlikihli
1st plural	siyahlikihla, sihlikihla	esihlikihlayo, esihlikihla	sihlikihla	asihlikihli	esingahlikihli	singahlikihli
2nd plural	niyahlikihla, nihlikihla	enihlikihlayo, enihlikihla	nihlikihla	anihlikihli	eningahlikihli	ningahlikihli
Class 1	uyahlikihla, uhlikihla	ohlikihlayo, ohlikihla	ehlikihla	akahlikihli	ongahlikihli	engahlikihli
Class 2	bayahlikihla, bahlikihla	abahlikihlayo, abahlikihla	behlikihla	abahlikihli	abangahlikihli	bengahlikihli
Class 3	uyahlikihla, uhlikihla	ohlikihlayo, ohlikihla	uhlikihla	awuhlikihli	ongahlikihli	ungahlikihli
Class 4	iyahlikihla, ihlikihla	ehlikihlayo, ehlikihla	ihlikihla	ayihlikihli	engahlikihli	ingahlikihli
Class 5	liyahlikihla, lihlikihla	elihlikihlayo, elihlikihla	lihlikihla	alihlikihli	elingahlikihli	lingahlikihli
Class 6	ayahlikihla, ahlikihla	ahlikihlayo, ahlikihla	ehlikihla	awahlikihli	angahlikihli	engahlikihli
Class 7	siyahlikihla, sihlikihla	esihlikihlayo, esihlikihla	sihlikihla	asihlikihli	esingahlikihli	singahlikihli
Class 8	ziyahlikihla, zihlikihla	ezihlikihlayo, ezihlikihla	zihlikihla	azihlikihli	ezingahlikihli	zingahlikihli
Class 9	iyahlikihla, ihlikihla	ehlikihlayo, ehlikihla	ihlikihla	ayihlikihli	engahlikihli	ingahlikihli
Class 10	ziyahlikihla, zihlikihla	ezihlikihlayo, ezihlikihla	zihlikihla	azihlikihli	ezingahlikihli	zingahlikihli
Class 11	luyahlikihla, luhlikihla	oluhlikihlayo, oluhlikihla	luhlikihla	aluhlikihli	olungahlikihli	lungahlikihli
Class 14	buyahlikihla, buhlikihla	obuhlikihlayo, obuhlikihla	buhlikihla	abuhlikihli	obungahlikihli	bungahlikihli
Class 15	kuyahlikihla, kuhlikihla	okuhlikihlayo, okuhlikihla	kuhlikihla	akuhlikihli	okungahlikihli	kungahlikihli
Class 17	kuyahlikihla, kuhlikihla	okuhlikihlayo, okuhlikihla	kuhlikihla	akuhlikihli	okungahlikihli	kungahlikihli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngihlikihlile, ngihlikihlē	engihlikihlile, engihlikihlē	ngihlikihlile, ngihlikihlē	angihlikihlanga	engingahlikihlanga	ngingahlikihlanga
2nd singular	uhlikihlile, uhlikihlē	ohlikihlile, ohlikihlē	uhlikihlile, uhlikihlē	awuhlikihlanga	ongahlikihlanga	ungahlikihlanga
1st plural	sihlikihlile, sihlikihlē	esihlikihlile, esihlikihlē	sihlikihlile, sihlikihlē	asihlikihlanga	esingahlikihlanga	singahlikihlanga
2nd plural	nihlikihlile, nihlikihlē	enihlikihlile, enihlikihlē	nihlikihlile, nihlikihlē	anihlikihlanga	eningahlikihlanga	ningahlikihlanga
Class 1	uhlikihlile, uhlikihlē	ohlikihlile, ohlikihlē	ehlikihlile, ehlikihlē	akahlikihlanga	ongahlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga
Class 2	bahlikihlile, bahlikihlē	abahlikihlile, abahlikihlē	behlikihlile, behlikihlē	abahlikihlanga	abangahlikihlanga	bengahlikihlanga
Class 3	uhlikihlile, uhlikihlē	ohlikihlile, ohlikihlē	uhlikihlile, uhlikihlē	awuhlikihlanga	ongahlikihlanga	ungahlikihlanga
Class 4	ihlikihlile, ihlikihlē	ehlikihlile, ehlikihlē	ihlikihlile, ihlikihlē	ayihlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga	ingahlikihlanga
Class 5	lihlikihlile, lihlikihlē	elihlikihlile, elihlikihlē	lihlikihlile, lihlikihlē	alihlikihlanga	elingahlikihlanga	lingahlikihlanga
Class 6	ahlikihlile, ahlikihlē	ahlikihlile, ahlikihlē	ehlikihlile, ehlikihlē	awahlikihlanga	angahlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga
Class 7	sihlikihlile, sihlikihlē	esihlikihlile, esihlikihlē	sihlikihlile, sihlikihlē	asihlikihlanga	esingahlikihlanga	singahlikihlanga
Class 8	zihlikihlile, zihlikihlē	ezihlikihlile, ezihlikihlē	zihlikihlile, zihlikihlē	azihlikihlanga	ezingahlikihlanga	zingahlikihlanga
Class 9	ihlikihlile, ihlikihlē	ehlikihlile, ehlikihlē	ihlikihlile, ihlikihlē	ayihlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga	ingahlikihlanga
Class 10	zihlikihlile, zihlikihlē	ezihlikihlile, ezihlikihlē	zihlikihlile, zihlikihlē	azihlikihlanga	ezingahlikihlanga	zingahlikihlanga
Class 11	luhlikihlile, luhlikihlē	oluhlikihlile, oluhlikihlē	luhlikihlile, luhlikihlē	aluhlikihlanga	olungahlikihlanga	lungahlikihlanga
Class 14	buhlikihlile, buhlikihlē	obuhlikihlile, obuhlikihlē	buhlikihlile, buhlikihlē	abuhlikihlanga	obungahlikihlanga	bungahlikihlanga
Class 15	kuhlikihlile, kuhlikihlē	okuhlikihlile, okuhlikihlē	kuhlikihlile, kuhlikihlē	akuhlikihlanga	okungahlikihlanga	kungahlikihlanga
Class 17	kuhlikihlile, kuhlikihlē	okuhlikihlile, okuhlikihlē	kuhlikihlile, kuhlikihlē	akuhlikihlanga	okungahlikihlanga	kungahlikihlanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāhlikihla	engāhlikihla	ngāhlikihla	angihlikihlanga	engingahlikihlanga	ngingahlikihlanga
2nd singular	wāhlikihla	owāhlikihla	wāhlikihla	awuhlikihlanga	ongahlikihlanga	ungahlikihlanga
1st plural	sāhlikihla	esāhlikihla	sāhlikihla	asihlikihlanga	esingahlikihlanga	singahlikihlanga
2nd plural	nāhlikihla	enāhlikihla	nāhlikihla	anihlikihlanga	eningahlikihlanga	ningahlikihlanga
Class 1	wāhlikihla	owāhlikihla	āhlikihla	akahlikihlanga	ongahlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga
Class 2	bāhlikihla	abāhlikihla	bāhlikihla	abahlikihlanga	abangahlikihlanga	bengahlikihlanga
Class 3	wāhlikihla	owāhlikihla	wāhlikihla	awuhlikihlanga	ongahlikihlanga	ungahlikihlanga
Class 4	yāhlikihla	eyāhlikihla	yāhlikihla	ayihlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga	ingahlikihlanga
Class 5	lāhlikihla	elāhlikihla	lāhlikihla	alihlikihlanga	elingahlikihlanga	lingahlikihlanga
Class 6	āhlikihla	āhlikihla	āhlikihla	awahlikihlanga	angahlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga
Class 7	sāhlikihla	esāhlikihla	sāhlikihla	asihlikihlanga	esingahlikihlanga	singahlikihlanga
Class 8	zāhlikihla	ezāhlikihla	zāhlikihla	azihlikihlanga	ezingahlikihlanga	zingahlikihlanga
Class 9	yāhlikihla	eyāhlikihla	yāhlikihla	ayihlikihlanga	engahlikihlanga	ingahlikihlanga
Class 10	zāhlikihla	ezāhlikihla	zāhlikihla	azihlikihlanga	ezingahlikihlanga	zingahlikihlanga
Class 11	lwāhlikihla	olwāhlikihla	lwāhlikihla	aluhlikihlanga	olungahlikihlanga	lungahlikihlanga
Class 14	bāhlikihla	obāhlikihla	bāhlikihla	abuhlikihlanga	obungahlikihlanga	bungahlikihlanga
Class 15	kwāhlikihla	okwāhlikihla	kwāhlikihla	akuhlikihlanga	okungahlikihlanga	kungahlikihlanga
Class 17	kwāhlikihla	okwāhlikihla	kwāhlikihla	akuhlikihlanga	okungahlikihlanga	kungahlikihlanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingahlikihla	—	ngingahlikihla	ngingehlikihle	—	ngingehlikihle
2nd singular	ungahlikihla	—	ungahlikihla	ungehlikihle	—	ungehlikihle
1st plural	singahlikihla	—	singahlikihla	singehlikihle	—	singehlikihle
2nd plural	ningahlikihla	—	ningahlikihla	ningehlikihle	—	ningehlikihle
Class 1	angahlikihla	—	engahlikihla	angehlikihle	—	engehlikihle
Class 2	bangahlikihla	—	bengahlikihla	bangehlikihle	—	bengehlikihle
Class 3	ungahlikihla	—	ungahlikihla	ungehlikihle	—	ungehlikihle
Class 4	ingahlikihla	—	ingahlikihla	ingehlikihle	—	ingehlikihle
Class 5	lingahlikihla	—	lingahlikihla	lingehlikihle	—	lingehlikihle
Class 6	angahlikihla	—	engahlikihla	angehlikihle	—	engehlikihle
Class 7	singahlikihla	—	singahlikihla	singehlikihle	—	singehlikihle
Class 8	zingahlikihla	—	zingahlikihla	zingehlikihle	—	zingehlikihle
Class 9	ingahlikihla	—	ingahlikihla	ingehlikihle	—	ingehlikihle
Class 10	zingahlikihla	—	zingahlikihla	zingehlikihle	—	zingehlikihle
Class 11	lungahlikihla	—	lungahlikihla	lungehlikihle	—	lungehlikihle
Class 14	bungahlikihla	—	bungahlikihla	bungehlikihle	—	bungehlikihle
Class 15	kungahlikihla	—	kungahlikihla	kungehlikihle	—	kungehlikihle
Class 17	kungahlikihla	—	kungahlikihla	kungehlikihle	—	kungehlikihle
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizohlikihla	engizohlikihla	ngizohlikihla	angizuhlikihla	engingezuhlikihla	ngingezuhlikihla
2nd singular	uzohlikihla	ozohlikihla	uzohlikihla	awuzuhlikihla	ongezuhlikihla	ungezuhlikihla
1st plural	sizohlikihla	esizohlikihla	sizohlikihla	asizuhlikihla	esingezuhlikihla	singezuhlikihla
2nd plural	nizohlikihla	enizohlikihla	nizohlikihla	anizuhlikihla	eningezuhlikihla	ningezuhlikihla
Class 1	uzohlikihla	ozohlikihla	ezohlikihla	akazuhlikihla	ongezuhlikihla	engezuhlikihla
Class 2	bazohlikihla	abazohlikihla	bezohlikihla	abazuhlikihla	abangezuhlikihla	bengezuhlikihla
Class 3	uzohlikihla	ozohlikihla	uzohlikihla	awuzuhlikihla	ongezuhlikihla	ungezuhlikihla
Class 4	izohlikihla	ezohlikihla	izohlikihla	ayizuhlikihla	engezuhlikihla	ingezuhlikihla
Class 5	lizohlikihla	elizohlikihla	lizohlikihla	alizuhlikihla	elingezuhlikihla	lingezuhlikihla
Class 6	azohlikihla	azohlikihla	ezohlikihla	awazuhlikihla	angezuhlikihla	engezuhlikihla
Class 7	sizohlikihla	esizohlikihla	sizohlikihla	asizuhlikihla	esingezuhlikihla	singezuhlikihla
Class 8	zizohlikihla	ezizohlikihla	zizohlikihla	azizuhlikihla	ezingezuhlikihla	zingezuhlikihla
Class 9	izohlikihla	ezohlikihla	izohlikihla	ayizuhlikihla	engezuhlikihla	ingezuhlikihla
Class 10	zizohlikihla	ezizohlikihla	zizohlikihla	azizuhlikihla	ezingezuhlikihla	zingezuhlikihla
Class 11	luzohlikihla	oluzohlikihla	luzohlikihla	aluzuhlikihla	olungezuhlikihla	lungezuhlikihla
Class 14	buzohlikihla	obuzohlikihla	buzohlikihla	abuzuhlikihla	obungezuhlikihla	bungezuhlikihla
Class 15	kuzohlikihla	okuzohlikihla	kuzohlikihla	akuzuhlikihla	okungezuhlikihla	kungezuhlikihla
Class 17	kuzohlikihla	okuzohlikihla	kuzohlikihla	akuzuhlikihla	okungezuhlikihla	kungezuhlikihla
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyohlikihla	engiyohlikihla	ngiyohlikihla	angiyuhlikihla	engingeyuhlikihla	ngingeyuhlikihla
2nd singular	uyohlikihla	oyohlikihla	uyohlikihla	awuyuhlikihla	ongeyuhlikihla	ungeyuhlikihla
1st plural	siyohlikihla	esiyohlikihla	siyohlikihla	asiyuhlikihla	esingeyuhlikihla	singeyuhlikihla
2nd plural	niyohlikihla	eniyohlikihla	niyohlikihla	aniyuhlikihla	eningeyuhlikihla	ningeyuhlikihla
Class 1	uyohlikihla	oyohlikihla	eyohlikihla	akayuhlikihla	ongeyuhlikihla	engeyuhlikihla
Class 2	bayohlikihla	abayohlikihla	beyohlikihla	abayuhlikihla	abangeyuhlikihla	bengeyuhlikihla
Class 3	uyohlikihla	oyohlikihla	uyohlikihla	awuyuhlikihla	ongeyuhlikihla	ungeyuhlikihla
Class 4	iyohlikihla	eyohlikihla	iyohlikihla	ayiyuhlikihla	engeyuhlikihla	ingeyuhlikihla
Class 5	liyohlikihla	eliyohlikihla	liyohlikihla	aliyuhlikihla	elingeyuhlikihla	lingeyuhlikihla
Class 6	ayohlikihla	ayohlikihla	eyohlikihla	awayuhlikihla	angeyuhlikihla	engeyuhlikihla
Class 7	siyohlikihla	esiyohlikihla	siyohlikihla	asiyuhlikihla	esingeyuhlikihla	singeyuhlikihla
Class 8	ziyohlikihla	eziyohlikihla	ziyohlikihla	aziyuhlikihla	ezingeyuhlikihla	zingeyuhlikihla
Class 9	iyohlikihla	eyohlikihla	iyohlikihla	ayiyuhlikihla	engeyuhlikihla	ingeyuhlikihla
Class 10	ziyohlikihla	eziyohlikihla	ziyohlikihla	aziyuhlikihla	ezingeyuhlikihla	zingeyuhlikihla
Class 11	luyohlikihla	oluyohlikihla	luyohlikihla	aluyuhlikihla	olungeyuhlikihla	lungeyuhlikihla
Class 14	buyohlikihla	obuyohlikihla	buyohlikihla	abuyuhlikihla	obungeyuhlikihla	bungeyuhlikihla
Class 15	kuyohlikihla	okuyohlikihla	kuyohlikihla	akuyuhlikihla	okungeyuhlikihla	kungeyuhlikihla
Class 17	kuyohlikihla	okuyohlikihla	kuyohlikihla	akuyuhlikihla	okungeyuhlikihla	kungeyuhlikihla
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngihlikihle	ngingahlikihli
2nd singular	uhlikihle	ungahlikihli
1st plural	sihlikihle	singahlikihli
2nd plural	nihlikihle	ningahlikihli
Class 1	ahlikihle	angahlikihli
Class 2	bahlikihle	bangahlikihli
Class 3	uhlikihle	ungahlikihli
Class 4	ihlikihle	ingahlikihli
Class 5	lihlikihle	lingahlikihli
Class 6	ahlikihle	angahlikihli
Class 7	sihlikihle	singahlikihli
Class 8	zihlikihle	zingahlikihli
Class 9	ihlikihle	ingahlikihli
Class 10	zihlikihle	zingahlikihli
Class 11	luhlikihle	lungahlikihli
Class 14	buhlikihle	bungahlikihli
Class 15	kuhlikihle	kungahlikihli
Class 17	kuhlikihle	kungahlikihli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngahlikihla	ngangahlikihla, angahlikihla, angangahlikihla
2nd singular	wahlikihla	wangahlikihla, awahlikihla, awangahlikihla
1st plural	sahlikihla	sangahlikihla, asahlikihla, asangahlikihla
2nd plural	nahlikihla	nangahlikihla, anahlikihla, anangahlikihla
Class 1	wahlikihla	wangahlikihla, akahlikihla, akangahlikihla
Class 2	bahlikihla	bangahlikihla, abahlikihla, abangahlikihla
Class 3	wahlikihla	wangahlikihla, awahlikihla, awangahlikihla
Class 4	yahlikihla	yangahlikihla, ayahlikihla, ayangahlikihla
Class 5	lahlikihla	langahlikihla, alahlikihla, alangahlikihla
Class 6	ahlikihla	angahlikihla, awahlikihla, awangahlikihla
Class 7	sahlikihla	sangahlikihla, asahlikihla, asangahlikihla
Class 8	zahlikihla	zangahlikihla, azahlikihla, azangahlikihla
Class 9	yahlikihla	yangahlikihla, ayahlikihla, ayangahlikihla
Class 10	zahlikihla	zangahlikihla, azahlikihla, azangahlikihla
Class 11	lwahlikihla	lwangahlikihla, alwahlikihla, alwangahlikihla
Class 14	bahlikihla	bangahlikihla, abahlikihla, abangahlikihla
Class 15	kwahlikihla	kwangahlikihla, akwahlikihla, akwangahlikihla
Class 17	kwahlikihla	kwangahlikihla, akwahlikihla, akwangahlikihla

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hlikihla”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hlikihla (3.2.9)”