Wiktionary

khumbuza

Northern Ndebele

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Verb

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-khúmbúza

  1. to remind

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

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Verb

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-khúmbúza

  1. (transitive) to remind
  2. (transitive) to remember

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

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Etymology

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Causative form of -khumbula.

Verb

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-khumbúza

  1. (transitive) to remind

Inflection

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Tone H
Infinitive ukukhumbuza
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukukhumbuza ukungakhumbuzi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular khumbuza -khumbuze
Plural khumbuzani -khumbuzeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyakhumbuza, ngikhumbuza engikhumbuzayo, engikhumbuza ngikhumbuza angikhumbuzi engingakhumbuzi ngingakhumbuzi
2nd singular uyakhumbuza, ukhumbuza okhumbuzayo, okhumbuza ukhumbuza awukhumbuzi ongakhumbuzi ungakhumbuzi
1st plural siyakhumbuza, sikhumbuza esikhumbuzayo, esikhumbuza sikhumbuza asikhumbuzi esingakhumbuzi singakhumbuzi
2nd plural niyakhumbuza, nikhumbuza enikhumbuzayo, enikhumbuza nikhumbuza anikhumbuzi eningakhumbuzi ningakhumbuzi
Class 1 uyakhumbuza, ukhumbuza okhumbuzayo, okhumbuza ekhumbuza akakhumbuzi ongakhumbuzi engakhumbuzi
Class 2 bayakhumbuza, bakhumbuza abakhumbuzayo, abakhumbuza bekhumbuza abakhumbuzi abangakhumbuzi bengakhumbuzi
Class 3 uyakhumbuza, ukhumbuza okhumbuzayo, okhumbuza ukhumbuza awukhumbuzi ongakhumbuzi ungakhumbuzi
Class 4 iyakhumbuza, ikhumbuza ekhumbuzayo, ekhumbuza ikhumbuza ayikhumbuzi engakhumbuzi ingakhumbuzi
Class 5 liyakhumbuza, likhumbuza elikhumbuzayo, elikhumbuza likhumbuza alikhumbuzi elingakhumbuzi lingakhumbuzi
Class 6 ayakhumbuza, akhumbuza akhumbuzayo, akhumbuza ekhumbuza awakhumbuzi angakhumbuzi engakhumbuzi
Class 7 siyakhumbuza, sikhumbuza esikhumbuzayo, esikhumbuza sikhumbuza asikhumbuzi esingakhumbuzi singakhumbuzi
Class 8 ziyakhumbuza, zikhumbuza ezikhumbuzayo, ezikhumbuza zikhumbuza azikhumbuzi ezingakhumbuzi zingakhumbuzi
Class 9 iyakhumbuza, ikhumbuza ekhumbuzayo, ekhumbuza ikhumbuza ayikhumbuzi engakhumbuzi ingakhumbuzi
Class 10 ziyakhumbuza, zikhumbuza ezikhumbuzayo, ezikhumbuza zikhumbuza azikhumbuzi ezingakhumbuzi zingakhumbuzi
Class 11 luyakhumbuza, lukhumbuza olukhumbuzayo, olukhumbuza lukhumbuza alukhumbuzi olungakhumbuzi lungakhumbuzi
Class 14 buyakhumbuza, bukhumbuza obukhumbuzayo, obukhumbuza bukhumbuza abukhumbuzi obungakhumbuzi bungakhumbuzi
Class 15 kuyakhumbuza, kukhumbuza okukhumbuzayo, okukhumbuza kukhumbuza akukhumbuzi okungakhumbuzi kungakhumbuzi
Class 17 kuyakhumbuza, kukhumbuza okukhumbuzayo, okukhumbuza kukhumbuza akukhumbuzi okungakhumbuzi kungakhumbuzi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngikhumbuzile, ngikhumbuzē engikhumbuzile, engikhumbuzē ngikhumbuzile, ngikhumbuzē angikhumbuzanga engingakhumbuzanga ngingakhumbuzanga
2nd singular ukhumbuzile, ukhumbuzē okhumbuzile, okhumbuzē ukhumbuzile, ukhumbuzē awukhumbuzanga ongakhumbuzanga ungakhumbuzanga
1st plural sikhumbuzile, sikhumbuzē esikhumbuzile, esikhumbuzē sikhumbuzile, sikhumbuzē asikhumbuzanga esingakhumbuzanga singakhumbuzanga
2nd plural nikhumbuzile, nikhumbuzē enikhumbuzile, enikhumbuzē nikhumbuzile, nikhumbuzē anikhumbuzanga eningakhumbuzanga ningakhumbuzanga
Class 1 ukhumbuzile, ukhumbuzē okhumbuzile, okhumbuzē ekhumbuzile, ekhumbuzē akakhumbuzanga ongakhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga
Class 2 bakhumbuzile, bakhumbuzē abakhumbuzile, abakhumbuzē bekhumbuzile, bekhumbuzē abakhumbuzanga abangakhumbuzanga bengakhumbuzanga
Class 3 ukhumbuzile, ukhumbuzē okhumbuzile, okhumbuzē ukhumbuzile, ukhumbuzē awukhumbuzanga ongakhumbuzanga ungakhumbuzanga
Class 4 ikhumbuzile, ikhumbuzē ekhumbuzile, ekhumbuzē ikhumbuzile, ikhumbuzē ayikhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga ingakhumbuzanga
Class 5 likhumbuzile, likhumbuzē elikhumbuzile, elikhumbuzē likhumbuzile, likhumbuzē alikhumbuzanga elingakhumbuzanga lingakhumbuzanga
Class 6 akhumbuzile, akhumbuzē akhumbuzile, akhumbuzē ekhumbuzile, ekhumbuzē awakhumbuzanga angakhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga
Class 7 sikhumbuzile, sikhumbuzē esikhumbuzile, esikhumbuzē sikhumbuzile, sikhumbuzē asikhumbuzanga esingakhumbuzanga singakhumbuzanga
Class 8 zikhumbuzile, zikhumbuzē ezikhumbuzile, ezikhumbuzē zikhumbuzile, zikhumbuzē azikhumbuzanga ezingakhumbuzanga zingakhumbuzanga
Class 9 ikhumbuzile, ikhumbuzē ekhumbuzile, ekhumbuzē ikhumbuzile, ikhumbuzē ayikhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga ingakhumbuzanga
Class 10 zikhumbuzile, zikhumbuzē ezikhumbuzile, ezikhumbuzē zikhumbuzile, zikhumbuzē azikhumbuzanga ezingakhumbuzanga zingakhumbuzanga
Class 11 lukhumbuzile, lukhumbuzē olukhumbuzile, olukhumbuzē lukhumbuzile, lukhumbuzē alukhumbuzanga olungakhumbuzanga lungakhumbuzanga
Class 14 bukhumbuzile, bukhumbuzē obukhumbuzile, obukhumbuzē bukhumbuzile, bukhumbuzē abukhumbuzanga obungakhumbuzanga bungakhumbuzanga
Class 15 kukhumbuzile, kukhumbuzē okukhumbuzile, okukhumbuzē kukhumbuzile, kukhumbuzē akukhumbuzanga okungakhumbuzanga kungakhumbuzanga
Class 17 kukhumbuzile, kukhumbuzē okukhumbuzile, okukhumbuzē kukhumbuzile, kukhumbuzē akukhumbuzanga okungakhumbuzanga kungakhumbuzanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngākhumbuza engākhumbuza ngākhumbuza angikhumbuzanga engingakhumbuzanga ngingakhumbuzanga
2nd singular wākhumbuza owākhumbuza wākhumbuza awukhumbuzanga ongakhumbuzanga ungakhumbuzanga
1st plural sākhumbuza esākhumbuza sākhumbuza asikhumbuzanga esingakhumbuzanga singakhumbuzanga
2nd plural nākhumbuza enākhumbuza nākhumbuza anikhumbuzanga eningakhumbuzanga ningakhumbuzanga
Class 1 wākhumbuza owākhumbuza ākhumbuza akakhumbuzanga ongakhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga
Class 2 bākhumbuza abākhumbuza bākhumbuza abakhumbuzanga abangakhumbuzanga bengakhumbuzanga
Class 3 wākhumbuza owākhumbuza wākhumbuza awukhumbuzanga ongakhumbuzanga ungakhumbuzanga
Class 4 yākhumbuza eyākhumbuza yākhumbuza ayikhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga ingakhumbuzanga
Class 5 lākhumbuza elākhumbuza lākhumbuza alikhumbuzanga elingakhumbuzanga lingakhumbuzanga
Class 6 ākhumbuza ākhumbuza ākhumbuza awakhumbuzanga angakhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga
Class 7 sākhumbuza esākhumbuza sākhumbuza asikhumbuzanga esingakhumbuzanga singakhumbuzanga
Class 8 zākhumbuza ezākhumbuza zākhumbuza azikhumbuzanga ezingakhumbuzanga zingakhumbuzanga
Class 9 yākhumbuza eyākhumbuza yākhumbuza ayikhumbuzanga engakhumbuzanga ingakhumbuzanga
Class 10 zākhumbuza ezākhumbuza zākhumbuza azikhumbuzanga ezingakhumbuzanga zingakhumbuzanga
Class 11 lwākhumbuza olwākhumbuza lwākhumbuza alukhumbuzanga olungakhumbuzanga lungakhumbuzanga
Class 14 bākhumbuza obākhumbuza bākhumbuza abukhumbuzanga obungakhumbuzanga bungakhumbuzanga
Class 15 kwākhumbuza okwākhumbuza kwākhumbuza akukhumbuzanga okungakhumbuzanga kungakhumbuzanga
Class 17 kwākhumbuza okwākhumbuza kwākhumbuza akukhumbuzanga okungakhumbuzanga kungakhumbuzanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingakhumbuza — ngingakhumbuza ngingekhumbuze — ngingekhumbuze
2nd singular ungakhumbuza — ungakhumbuza ungekhumbuze — ungekhumbuze
1st plural singakhumbuza — singakhumbuza singekhumbuze — singekhumbuze
2nd plural ningakhumbuza — ningakhumbuza ningekhumbuze — ningekhumbuze
Class 1 angakhumbuza — engakhumbuza angekhumbuze — engekhumbuze
Class 2 bangakhumbuza — bengakhumbuza bangekhumbuze — bengekhumbuze
Class 3 ungakhumbuza — ungakhumbuza ungekhumbuze — ungekhumbuze
Class 4 ingakhumbuza — ingakhumbuza ingekhumbuze — ingekhumbuze
Class 5 lingakhumbuza — lingakhumbuza lingekhumbuze — lingekhumbuze
Class 6 angakhumbuza — engakhumbuza angekhumbuze — engekhumbuze
Class 7 singakhumbuza — singakhumbuza singekhumbuze — singekhumbuze
Class 8 zingakhumbuza — zingakhumbuza zingekhumbuze — zingekhumbuze
Class 9 ingakhumbuza — ingakhumbuza ingekhumbuze — ingekhumbuze
Class 10 zingakhumbuza — zingakhumbuza zingekhumbuze — zingekhumbuze
Class 11 lungakhumbuza — lungakhumbuza lungekhumbuze — lungekhumbuze
Class 14 bungakhumbuza — bungakhumbuza bungekhumbuze — bungekhumbuze
Class 15 kungakhumbuza — kungakhumbuza kungekhumbuze — kungekhumbuze
Class 17 kungakhumbuza — kungakhumbuza kungekhumbuze — kungekhumbuze
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizokhumbuza engizokhumbuza ngizokhumbuza angizukhumbuza engingezukhumbuza ngingezukhumbuza
2nd singular uzokhumbuza ozokhumbuza uzokhumbuza awuzukhumbuza ongezukhumbuza ungezukhumbuza
1st plural sizokhumbuza esizokhumbuza sizokhumbuza asizukhumbuza esingezukhumbuza singezukhumbuza
2nd plural nizokhumbuza enizokhumbuza nizokhumbuza anizukhumbuza eningezukhumbuza ningezukhumbuza
Class 1 uzokhumbuza ozokhumbuza ezokhumbuza akazukhumbuza ongezukhumbuza engezukhumbuza
Class 2 bazokhumbuza abazokhumbuza bezokhumbuza abazukhumbuza abangezukhumbuza bengezukhumbuza
Class 3 uzokhumbuza ozokhumbuza uzokhumbuza awuzukhumbuza ongezukhumbuza ungezukhumbuza
Class 4 izokhumbuza ezokhumbuza izokhumbuza ayizukhumbuza engezukhumbuza ingezukhumbuza
Class 5 lizokhumbuza elizokhumbuza lizokhumbuza alizukhumbuza elingezukhumbuza lingezukhumbuza
Class 6 azokhumbuza azokhumbuza ezokhumbuza awazukhumbuza angezukhumbuza engezukhumbuza
Class 7 sizokhumbuza esizokhumbuza sizokhumbuza asizukhumbuza esingezukhumbuza singezukhumbuza
Class 8 zizokhumbuza ezizokhumbuza zizokhumbuza azizukhumbuza ezingezukhumbuza zingezukhumbuza
Class 9 izokhumbuza ezokhumbuza izokhumbuza ayizukhumbuza engezukhumbuza ingezukhumbuza
Class 10 zizokhumbuza ezizokhumbuza zizokhumbuza azizukhumbuza ezingezukhumbuza zingezukhumbuza
Class 11 luzokhumbuza oluzokhumbuza luzokhumbuza aluzukhumbuza olungezukhumbuza lungezukhumbuza
Class 14 buzokhumbuza obuzokhumbuza buzokhumbuza abuzukhumbuza obungezukhumbuza bungezukhumbuza
Class 15 kuzokhumbuza okuzokhumbuza kuzokhumbuza akuzukhumbuza okungezukhumbuza kungezukhumbuza
Class 17 kuzokhumbuza okuzokhumbuza kuzokhumbuza akuzukhumbuza okungezukhumbuza kungezukhumbuza
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyokhumbuza engiyokhumbuza ngiyokhumbuza angiyukhumbuza engingeyukhumbuza ngingeyukhumbuza
2nd singular uyokhumbuza oyokhumbuza uyokhumbuza awuyukhumbuza ongeyukhumbuza ungeyukhumbuza
1st plural siyokhumbuza esiyokhumbuza siyokhumbuza asiyukhumbuza esingeyukhumbuza singeyukhumbuza
2nd plural niyokhumbuza eniyokhumbuza niyokhumbuza aniyukhumbuza eningeyukhumbuza ningeyukhumbuza
Class 1 uyokhumbuza oyokhumbuza eyokhumbuza akayukhumbuza ongeyukhumbuza engeyukhumbuza
Class 2 bayokhumbuza abayokhumbuza beyokhumbuza abayukhumbuza abangeyukhumbuza bengeyukhumbuza
Class 3 uyokhumbuza oyokhumbuza uyokhumbuza awuyukhumbuza ongeyukhumbuza ungeyukhumbuza
Class 4 iyokhumbuza eyokhumbuza iyokhumbuza ayiyukhumbuza engeyukhumbuza ingeyukhumbuza
Class 5 liyokhumbuza eliyokhumbuza liyokhumbuza aliyukhumbuza elingeyukhumbuza lingeyukhumbuza
Class 6 ayokhumbuza ayokhumbuza eyokhumbuza awayukhumbuza angeyukhumbuza engeyukhumbuza
Class 7 siyokhumbuza esiyokhumbuza siyokhumbuza asiyukhumbuza esingeyukhumbuza singeyukhumbuza
Class 8 ziyokhumbuza eziyokhumbuza ziyokhumbuza aziyukhumbuza ezingeyukhumbuza zingeyukhumbuza
Class 9 iyokhumbuza eyokhumbuza iyokhumbuza ayiyukhumbuza engeyukhumbuza ingeyukhumbuza
Class 10 ziyokhumbuza eziyokhumbuza ziyokhumbuza aziyukhumbuza ezingeyukhumbuza zingeyukhumbuza
Class 11 luyokhumbuza oluyokhumbuza luyokhumbuza aluyukhumbuza olungeyukhumbuza lungeyukhumbuza
Class 14 buyokhumbuza obuyokhumbuza buyokhumbuza abuyukhumbuza obungeyukhumbuza bungeyukhumbuza
Class 15 kuyokhumbuza okuyokhumbuza kuyokhumbuza akuyukhumbuza okungeyukhumbuza kungeyukhumbuza
Class 17 kuyokhumbuza okuyokhumbuza kuyokhumbuza akuyukhumbuza okungeyukhumbuza kungeyukhumbuza
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngikhumbuze ngingakhumbuzi
2nd singular ukhumbuze ungakhumbuzi
1st plural sikhumbuze singakhumbuzi
2nd plural nikhumbuze ningakhumbuzi
Class 1 akhumbuze angakhumbuzi
Class 2 bakhumbuze bangakhumbuzi
Class 3 ukhumbuze ungakhumbuzi
Class 4 ikhumbuze ingakhumbuzi
Class 5 likhumbuze lingakhumbuzi
Class 6 akhumbuze angakhumbuzi
Class 7 sikhumbuze singakhumbuzi
Class 8 zikhumbuze zingakhumbuzi
Class 9 ikhumbuze ingakhumbuzi
Class 10 zikhumbuze zingakhumbuzi
Class 11 lukhumbuze lungakhumbuzi
Class 14 bukhumbuze bungakhumbuzi
Class 15 kukhumbuze kungakhumbuzi
Class 17 kukhumbuze kungakhumbuzi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngakhumbuza ngangakhumbuza, angakhumbuza, angangakhumbuza
2nd singular wakhumbuza wangakhumbuza, awakhumbuza, awangakhumbuza
1st plural sakhumbuza sangakhumbuza, asakhumbuza, asangakhumbuza
2nd plural nakhumbuza nangakhumbuza, anakhumbuza, anangakhumbuza
Class 1 wakhumbuza wangakhumbuza, akakhumbuza, akangakhumbuza
Class 2 bakhumbuza bangakhumbuza, abakhumbuza, abangakhumbuza
Class 3 wakhumbuza wangakhumbuza, awakhumbuza, awangakhumbuza
Class 4 yakhumbuza yangakhumbuza, ayakhumbuza, ayangakhumbuza
Class 5 lakhumbuza langakhumbuza, alakhumbuza, alangakhumbuza
Class 6 akhumbuza angakhumbuza, awakhumbuza, awangakhumbuza
Class 7 sakhumbuza sangakhumbuza, asakhumbuza, asangakhumbuza
Class 8 zakhumbuza zangakhumbuza, azakhumbuza, azangakhumbuza
Class 9 yakhumbuza yangakhumbuza, ayakhumbuza, ayangakhumbuza
Class 10 zakhumbuza zangakhumbuza, azakhumbuza, azangakhumbuza
Class 11 lwakhumbuza lwangakhumbuza, alwakhumbuza, alwangakhumbuza
Class 14 bakhumbuza bangakhumbuza, abakhumbuza, abangakhumbuza
Class 15 kwakhumbuza kwangakhumbuza, akwakhumbuza, akwangakhumbuza
Class 17 kwakhumbuza kwangakhumbuza, akwakhumbuza, akwangakhumbuza

Derived terms

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References

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