manach

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish manach, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /mˠəˈn̪ˠɑx/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈmˠanˠəx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈmˠanˠa(x)/

Noun

manach m (genitive singular manaigh, nominative plural manaigh)

1. monk
2. (historical) tenant of church lands

Declension

Declension of manach

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative manach manaigh Vocative a mhanaigh a mhanacha Genitive manaigh manach Dative manach manaigh

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an manach na manaigh Genitive an mhanaigh na manach Dative leis an manach don mhanach leis na manaigh

Derived terms

• balsam na manach (“friar's balsam”)
• cochall manaigh (“monk's hood, amice”)
• Fir Manach (“Fermanagh”)
• manach bán (“Cistercian monk”, literally “white monk”)
• manach dubh (“Benedictine monk”, literally “black monk”)
• manach liath (“Cistercian monk”, literally “grey monk”)
• manachas (“monasticism”)
• manachúil (“monastic”, adjective)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
manach	mhanach	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “manach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “manach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “manach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈma.nəx/

Etymology 1

From Latin monachus, possibly via Proto-Brythonic *manax.

Noun

manach m

1. monk
   • c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Prologue, line 97; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:

     Ním·thá Sen-Phól manach, as a díthrub dubach, fria nóebainm co rrorath séntae cech slóg subach.

     Not so is Old Paul the monk, whose hermitage is gloomy; by his holy name with great grace, every happy crowd is blessed.

2. (law) tenant of church lands

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	manach	manachL	manaigL
Vocative	manaig	manachL	manchuH
Accusative	manachN	manachL	manchuH
Genitive	manaigL	manach	manachN
Dative	manachL	manchaib	manchaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Middle Irish: manach
  • Irish: manach
  • Manx: maynagh, monnagh
  • Scottish Gaelic: manach

Etymology 2

Adjective

manach

1. Alternative form of monach

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
manach also mmanach after a proclitic ending in a vowel	manach pronounced with /β̃(ʲ)-/	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish manach, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmanəx/

Noun

manach m (genitive singular manaich, plural manaich)

1. monk
2. friar

Derived terms

• manachainn

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
manach	mhanach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language