Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukungqofa
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukungqofa
|
ukungangqofi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
ngqofa
|
-ngqofe
|
Plural
|
ngqofani
|
-ngqofeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyangqofa, ngingqofa
|
engingqofayo, engingqofa
|
ngingqofa
|
angingqofi
|
engingangqofi
|
ngingangqofi
|
2nd singular
|
uyangqofa, ungqofa
|
ongqofayo, ongqofa
|
ungqofa
|
awungqofi
|
ongangqofi
|
ungangqofi
|
1st plural
|
siyangqofa, singqofa
|
esingqofayo, esingqofa
|
singqofa
|
asingqofi
|
esingangqofi
|
singangqofi
|
2nd plural
|
niyangqofa, ningqofa
|
eningqofayo, eningqofa
|
ningqofa
|
aningqofi
|
eningangqofi
|
ningangqofi
|
Class 1
|
uyangqofa, ungqofa
|
ongqofayo, ongqofa
|
engqofa
|
akangqofi
|
ongangqofi
|
engangqofi
|
Class 2
|
bayangqofa, bangqofa
|
abangqofayo, abangqofa
|
bengqofa
|
abangqofi
|
abangangqofi
|
bengangqofi
|
Class 3
|
uyangqofa, ungqofa
|
ongqofayo, ongqofa
|
ungqofa
|
awungqofi
|
ongangqofi
|
ungangqofi
|
Class 4
|
iyangqofa, ingqofa
|
engqofayo, engqofa
|
ingqofa
|
ayingqofi
|
engangqofi
|
ingangqofi
|
Class 5
|
liyangqofa, lingqofa
|
elingqofayo, elingqofa
|
lingqofa
|
alingqofi
|
elingangqofi
|
lingangqofi
|
Class 6
|
ayangqofa, angqofa
|
angqofayo, angqofa
|
engqofa
|
awangqofi
|
angangqofi
|
engangqofi
|
Class 7
|
siyangqofa, singqofa
|
esingqofayo, esingqofa
|
singqofa
|
asingqofi
|
esingangqofi
|
singangqofi
|
Class 8
|
ziyangqofa, zingqofa
|
ezingqofayo, ezingqofa
|
zingqofa
|
azingqofi
|
ezingangqofi
|
zingangqofi
|
Class 9
|
iyangqofa, ingqofa
|
engqofayo, engqofa
|
ingqofa
|
ayingqofi
|
engangqofi
|
ingangqofi
|
Class 10
|
ziyangqofa, zingqofa
|
ezingqofayo, ezingqofa
|
zingqofa
|
azingqofi
|
ezingangqofi
|
zingangqofi
|
Class 11
|
luyangqofa, lungqofa
|
olungqofayo, olungqofa
|
lungqofa
|
alungqofi
|
olungangqofi
|
lungangqofi
|
Class 14
|
buyangqofa, bungqofa
|
obungqofayo, obungqofa
|
bungqofa
|
abungqofi
|
obungangqofi
|
bungangqofi
|
Class 15
|
kuyangqofa, kungqofa
|
okungqofayo, okungqofa
|
kungqofa
|
akungqofi
|
okungangqofi
|
kungangqofi
|
Class 17
|
kuyangqofa, kungqofa
|
okungqofayo, okungqofa
|
kungqofa
|
akungqofi
|
okungangqofi
|
kungangqofi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingqofile, ngingqofē
|
engingqofile, engingqofē
|
ngingqofile, ngingqofē
|
angingqofanga
|
engingangqofanga
|
ngingangqofanga
|
2nd singular
|
ungqofile, ungqofē
|
ongqofile, ongqofē
|
ungqofile, ungqofē
|
awungqofanga
|
ongangqofanga
|
ungangqofanga
|
1st plural
|
singqofile, singqofē
|
esingqofile, esingqofē
|
singqofile, singqofē
|
asingqofanga
|
esingangqofanga
|
singangqofanga
|
2nd plural
|
ningqofile, ningqofē
|
eningqofile, eningqofē
|
ningqofile, ningqofē
|
aningqofanga
|
eningangqofanga
|
ningangqofanga
|
Class 1
|
ungqofile, ungqofē
|
ongqofile, ongqofē
|
engqofile, engqofē
|
akangqofanga
|
ongangqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
Class 2
|
bangqofile, bangqofē
|
abangqofile, abangqofē
|
bengqofile, bengqofē
|
abangqofanga
|
abangangqofanga
|
bengangqofanga
|
Class 3
|
ungqofile, ungqofē
|
ongqofile, ongqofē
|
ungqofile, ungqofē
|
awungqofanga
|
ongangqofanga
|
ungangqofanga
|
Class 4
|
ingqofile, ingqofē
|
engqofile, engqofē
|
ingqofile, ingqofē
|
ayingqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
ingangqofanga
|
Class 5
|
lingqofile, lingqofē
|
elingqofile, elingqofē
|
lingqofile, lingqofē
|
alingqofanga
|
elingangqofanga
|
lingangqofanga
|
Class 6
|
angqofile, angqofē
|
angqofile, angqofē
|
engqofile, engqofē
|
awangqofanga
|
angangqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
Class 7
|
singqofile, singqofē
|
esingqofile, esingqofē
|
singqofile, singqofē
|
asingqofanga
|
esingangqofanga
|
singangqofanga
|
Class 8
|
zingqofile, zingqofē
|
ezingqofile, ezingqofē
|
zingqofile, zingqofē
|
azingqofanga
|
ezingangqofanga
|
zingangqofanga
|
Class 9
|
ingqofile, ingqofē
|
engqofile, engqofē
|
ingqofile, ingqofē
|
ayingqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
ingangqofanga
|
Class 10
|
zingqofile, zingqofē
|
ezingqofile, ezingqofē
|
zingqofile, zingqofē
|
azingqofanga
|
ezingangqofanga
|
zingangqofanga
|
Class 11
|
lungqofile, lungqofē
|
olungqofile, olungqofē
|
lungqofile, lungqofē
|
alungqofanga
|
olungangqofanga
|
lungangqofanga
|
Class 14
|
bungqofile, bungqofē
|
obungqofile, obungqofē
|
bungqofile, bungqofē
|
abungqofanga
|
obungangqofanga
|
bungangqofanga
|
Class 15
|
kungqofile, kungqofē
|
okungqofile, okungqofē
|
kungqofile, kungqofē
|
akungqofanga
|
okungangqofanga
|
kungangqofanga
|
Class 17
|
kungqofile, kungqofē
|
okungqofile, okungqofē
|
kungqofile, kungqofē
|
akungqofanga
|
okungangqofanga
|
kungangqofanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāngqofa
|
engāngqofa
|
ngāngqofa
|
angingqofanga
|
engingangqofanga
|
ngingangqofanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāngqofa
|
owāngqofa
|
wāngqofa
|
awungqofanga
|
ongangqofanga
|
ungangqofanga
|
1st plural
|
sāngqofa
|
esāngqofa
|
sāngqofa
|
asingqofanga
|
esingangqofanga
|
singangqofanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāngqofa
|
enāngqofa
|
nāngqofa
|
aningqofanga
|
eningangqofanga
|
ningangqofanga
|
Class 1
|
wāngqofa
|
owāngqofa
|
āngqofa
|
akangqofanga
|
ongangqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
Class 2
|
bāngqofa
|
abāngqofa
|
bāngqofa
|
abangqofanga
|
abangangqofanga
|
bengangqofanga
|
Class 3
|
wāngqofa
|
owāngqofa
|
wāngqofa
|
awungqofanga
|
ongangqofanga
|
ungangqofanga
|
Class 4
|
yāngqofa
|
eyāngqofa
|
yāngqofa
|
ayingqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
ingangqofanga
|
Class 5
|
lāngqofa
|
elāngqofa
|
lāngqofa
|
alingqofanga
|
elingangqofanga
|
lingangqofanga
|
Class 6
|
āngqofa
|
āngqofa
|
āngqofa
|
awangqofanga
|
angangqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
Class 7
|
sāngqofa
|
esāngqofa
|
sāngqofa
|
asingqofanga
|
esingangqofanga
|
singangqofanga
|
Class 8
|
zāngqofa
|
ezāngqofa
|
zāngqofa
|
azingqofanga
|
ezingangqofanga
|
zingangqofanga
|
Class 9
|
yāngqofa
|
eyāngqofa
|
yāngqofa
|
ayingqofanga
|
engangqofanga
|
ingangqofanga
|
Class 10
|
zāngqofa
|
ezāngqofa
|
zāngqofa
|
azingqofanga
|
ezingangqofanga
|
zingangqofanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāngqofa
|
olwāngqofa
|
lwāngqofa
|
alungqofanga
|
olungangqofanga
|
lungangqofanga
|
Class 14
|
bāngqofa
|
obāngqofa
|
bāngqofa
|
abungqofanga
|
obungangqofanga
|
bungangqofanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāngqofa
|
okwāngqofa
|
kwāngqofa
|
akungqofanga
|
okungangqofanga
|
kungangqofanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāngqofa
|
okwāngqofa
|
kwāngqofa
|
akungqofanga
|
okungangqofanga
|
kungangqofanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingangqofa
|
—
|
ngingangqofa
|
ngingengqofe
|
—
|
ngingengqofe
|
2nd singular
|
ungangqofa
|
—
|
ungangqofa
|
ungengqofe
|
—
|
ungengqofe
|
1st plural
|
singangqofa
|
—
|
singangqofa
|
singengqofe
|
—
|
singengqofe
|
2nd plural
|
ningangqofa
|
—
|
ningangqofa
|
ningengqofe
|
—
|
ningengqofe
|
Class 1
|
angangqofa
|
—
|
engangqofa
|
angengqofe
|
—
|
engengqofe
|
Class 2
|
bangangqofa
|
—
|
bengangqofa
|
bangengqofe
|
—
|
bengengqofe
|
Class 3
|
ungangqofa
|
—
|
ungangqofa
|
ungengqofe
|
—
|
ungengqofe
|
Class 4
|
ingangqofa
|
—
|
ingangqofa
|
ingengqofe
|
—
|
ingengqofe
|
Class 5
|
lingangqofa
|
—
|
lingangqofa
|
lingengqofe
|
—
|
lingengqofe
|
Class 6
|
angangqofa
|
—
|
engangqofa
|
angengqofe
|
—
|
engengqofe
|
Class 7
|
singangqofa
|
—
|
singangqofa
|
singengqofe
|
—
|
singengqofe
|
Class 8
|
zingangqofa
|
—
|
zingangqofa
|
zingengqofe
|
—
|
zingengqofe
|
Class 9
|
ingangqofa
|
—
|
ingangqofa
|
ingengqofe
|
—
|
ingengqofe
|
Class 10
|
zingangqofa
|
—
|
zingangqofa
|
zingengqofe
|
—
|
zingengqofe
|
Class 11
|
lungangqofa
|
—
|
lungangqofa
|
lungengqofe
|
—
|
lungengqofe
|
Class 14
|
bungangqofa
|
—
|
bungangqofa
|
bungengqofe
|
—
|
bungengqofe
|
Class 15
|
kungangqofa
|
—
|
kungangqofa
|
kungengqofe
|
—
|
kungengqofe
|
Class 17
|
kungangqofa
|
—
|
kungangqofa
|
kungengqofe
|
—
|
kungengqofe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizongqofa
|
engizongqofa
|
ngizongqofa
|
angizungqofa
|
engingezungqofa
|
ngingezungqofa
|
2nd singular
|
uzongqofa
|
ozongqofa
|
uzongqofa
|
awuzungqofa
|
ongezungqofa
|
ungezungqofa
|
1st plural
|
sizongqofa
|
esizongqofa
|
sizongqofa
|
asizungqofa
|
esingezungqofa
|
singezungqofa
|
2nd plural
|
nizongqofa
|
enizongqofa
|
nizongqofa
|
anizungqofa
|
eningezungqofa
|
ningezungqofa
|
Class 1
|
uzongqofa
|
ozongqofa
|
ezongqofa
|
akazungqofa
|
ongezungqofa
|
engezungqofa
|
Class 2
|
bazongqofa
|
abazongqofa
|
bezongqofa
|
abazungqofa
|
abangezungqofa
|
bengezungqofa
|
Class 3
|
uzongqofa
|
ozongqofa
|
uzongqofa
|
awuzungqofa
|
ongezungqofa
|
ungezungqofa
|
Class 4
|
izongqofa
|
ezongqofa
|
izongqofa
|
ayizungqofa
|
engezungqofa
|
ingezungqofa
|
Class 5
|
lizongqofa
|
elizongqofa
|
lizongqofa
|
alizungqofa
|
elingezungqofa
|
lingezungqofa
|
Class 6
|
azongqofa
|
azongqofa
|
ezongqofa
|
awazungqofa
|
angezungqofa
|
engezungqofa
|
Class 7
|
sizongqofa
|
esizongqofa
|
sizongqofa
|
asizungqofa
|
esingezungqofa
|
singezungqofa
|
Class 8
|
zizongqofa
|
ezizongqofa
|
zizongqofa
|
azizungqofa
|
ezingezungqofa
|
zingezungqofa
|
Class 9
|
izongqofa
|
ezongqofa
|
izongqofa
|
ayizungqofa
|
engezungqofa
|
ingezungqofa
|
Class 10
|
zizongqofa
|
ezizongqofa
|
zizongqofa
|
azizungqofa
|
ezingezungqofa
|
zingezungqofa
|
Class 11
|
luzongqofa
|
oluzongqofa
|
luzongqofa
|
aluzungqofa
|
olungezungqofa
|
lungezungqofa
|
Class 14
|
buzongqofa
|
obuzongqofa
|
buzongqofa
|
abuzungqofa
|
obungezungqofa
|
bungezungqofa
|
Class 15
|
kuzongqofa
|
okuzongqofa
|
kuzongqofa
|
akuzungqofa
|
okungezungqofa
|
kungezungqofa
|
Class 17
|
kuzongqofa
|
okuzongqofa
|
kuzongqofa
|
akuzungqofa
|
okungezungqofa
|
kungezungqofa
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyongqofa
|
engiyongqofa
|
ngiyongqofa
|
angiyungqofa
|
engingeyungqofa
|
ngingeyungqofa
|
2nd singular
|
uyongqofa
|
oyongqofa
|
uyongqofa
|
awuyungqofa
|
ongeyungqofa
|
ungeyungqofa
|
1st plural
|
siyongqofa
|
esiyongqofa
|
siyongqofa
|
asiyungqofa
|
esingeyungqofa
|
singeyungqofa
|
2nd plural
|
niyongqofa
|
eniyongqofa
|
niyongqofa
|
aniyungqofa
|
eningeyungqofa
|
ningeyungqofa
|
Class 1
|
uyongqofa
|
oyongqofa
|
eyongqofa
|
akayungqofa
|
ongeyungqofa
|
engeyungqofa
|
Class 2
|
bayongqofa
|
abayongqofa
|
beyongqofa
|
abayungqofa
|
abangeyungqofa
|
bengeyungqofa
|
Class 3
|
uyongqofa
|
oyongqofa
|
uyongqofa
|
awuyungqofa
|
ongeyungqofa
|
ungeyungqofa
|
Class 4
|
iyongqofa
|
eyongqofa
|
iyongqofa
|
ayiyungqofa
|
engeyungqofa
|
ingeyungqofa
|
Class 5
|
liyongqofa
|
eliyongqofa
|
liyongqofa
|
aliyungqofa
|
elingeyungqofa
|
lingeyungqofa
|
Class 6
|
ayongqofa
|
ayongqofa
|
eyongqofa
|
awayungqofa
|
angeyungqofa
|
engeyungqofa
|
Class 7
|
siyongqofa
|
esiyongqofa
|
siyongqofa
|
asiyungqofa
|
esingeyungqofa
|
singeyungqofa
|
Class 8
|
ziyongqofa
|
eziyongqofa
|
ziyongqofa
|
aziyungqofa
|
ezingeyungqofa
|
zingeyungqofa
|
Class 9
|
iyongqofa
|
eyongqofa
|
iyongqofa
|
ayiyungqofa
|
engeyungqofa
|
ingeyungqofa
|
Class 10
|
ziyongqofa
|
eziyongqofa
|
ziyongqofa
|
aziyungqofa
|
ezingeyungqofa
|
zingeyungqofa
|
Class 11
|
luyongqofa
|
oluyongqofa
|
luyongqofa
|
aluyungqofa
|
olungeyungqofa
|
lungeyungqofa
|
Class 14
|
buyongqofa
|
obuyongqofa
|
buyongqofa
|
abuyungqofa
|
obungeyungqofa
|
bungeyungqofa
|
Class 15
|
kuyongqofa
|
okuyongqofa
|
kuyongqofa
|
akuyungqofa
|
okungeyungqofa
|
kungeyungqofa
|
Class 17
|
kuyongqofa
|
okuyongqofa
|
kuyongqofa
|
akuyungqofa
|
okungeyungqofa
|
kungeyungqofa
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngingqofe
|
ngingangqofi
|
2nd singular
|
ungqofe
|
ungangqofi
|
1st plural
|
singqofe
|
singangqofi
|
2nd plural
|
ningqofe
|
ningangqofi
|
Class 1
|
angqofe
|
angangqofi
|
Class 2
|
bangqofe
|
bangangqofi
|
Class 3
|
ungqofe
|
ungangqofi
|
Class 4
|
ingqofe
|
ingangqofi
|
Class 5
|
lingqofe
|
lingangqofi
|
Class 6
|
angqofe
|
angangqofi
|
Class 7
|
singqofe
|
singangqofi
|
Class 8
|
zingqofe
|
zingangqofi
|
Class 9
|
ingqofe
|
ingangqofi
|
Class 10
|
zingqofe
|
zingangqofi
|
Class 11
|
lungqofe
|
lungangqofi
|
Class 14
|
bungqofe
|
bungangqofi
|
Class 15
|
kungqofe
|
kungangqofi
|
Class 17
|
kungqofe
|
kungangqofi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngangqofa
|
ngangangqofa, angangqofa, angangangqofa
|
2nd singular
|
wangqofa
|
wangangqofa, awangqofa, awangangqofa
|
1st plural
|
sangqofa
|
sangangqofa, asangqofa, asangangqofa
|
2nd plural
|
nangqofa
|
nangangqofa, anangqofa, anangangqofa
|
Class 1
|
wangqofa
|
wangangqofa, akangqofa, akangangqofa
|
Class 2
|
bangqofa
|
bangangqofa, abangqofa, abangangqofa
|
Class 3
|
wangqofa
|
wangangqofa, awangqofa, awangangqofa
|
Class 4
|
yangqofa
|
yangangqofa, ayangqofa, ayangangqofa
|
Class 5
|
langqofa
|
langangqofa, alangqofa, alangangqofa
|
Class 6
|
angqofa
|
angangqofa, awangqofa, awangangqofa
|
Class 7
|
sangqofa
|
sangangqofa, asangqofa, asangangqofa
|
Class 8
|
zangqofa
|
zangangqofa, azangqofa, azangangqofa
|
Class 9
|
yangqofa
|
yangangqofa, ayangqofa, ayangangqofa
|
Class 10
|
zangqofa
|
zangangqofa, azangqofa, azangangqofa
|
Class 11
|
lwangqofa
|
lwangangqofa, alwangqofa, alwangangqofa
|
Class 14
|
bangqofa
|
bangangqofa, abangqofa, abangangqofa
|
Class 15
|
kwangqofa
|
kwangangqofa, akwangqofa, akwangangqofa
|
Class 17
|
kwangqofa
|
kwangangqofa, akwangqofa, akwangangqofa
|