Finnish edit

Etymology edit

Onomatopoeic +‎ -ua

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈnirskuɑˣ/, [ˈnirs̠kuɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -irskuɑ
  • Syllabification(key): nirs‧ku‧a

Verb edit

nirskua

  1. (intransitive, of teeth) To grate.

Conjugation edit

Inflection of nirskua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nirskun en nirsku 1st sing. olen nirskunut en ole nirskunut
2nd sing. nirskut et nirsku 2nd sing. olet nirskunut et ole nirskunut
3rd sing. nirskuu ei nirsku 3rd sing. on nirskunut ei ole nirskunut
1st plur. nirskumme emme nirsku 1st plur. olemme nirskuneet emme ole nirskuneet
2nd plur. nirskutte ette nirsku 2nd plur. olette nirskuneet ette ole nirskuneet
3rd plur. nirskuvat eivät nirsku 3rd plur. ovat nirskuneet eivät ole nirskuneet
passive nirskutaan ei nirskuta passive on nirskuttu ei ole nirskuttu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nirskuin en nirskunut 1st sing. olin nirskunut en ollut nirskunut
2nd sing. nirskuit et nirskunut 2nd sing. olit nirskunut et ollut nirskunut
3rd sing. nirskui ei nirskunut 3rd sing. oli nirskunut ei ollut nirskunut
1st plur. nirskuimme emme nirskuneet 1st plur. olimme nirskuneet emme olleet nirskuneet
2nd plur. nirskuitte ette nirskuneet 2nd plur. olitte nirskuneet ette olleet nirskuneet
3rd plur. nirskuivat eivät nirskuneet 3rd plur. olivat nirskuneet eivät olleet nirskuneet
passive nirskuttiin ei nirskuttu passive oli nirskuttu ei ollut nirskuttu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nirskuisin en nirskuisi 1st sing. olisin nirskunut en olisi nirskunut
2nd sing. nirskuisit et nirskuisi 2nd sing. olisit nirskunut et olisi nirskunut
3rd sing. nirskuisi ei nirskuisi 3rd sing. olisi nirskunut ei olisi nirskunut
1st plur. nirskuisimme emme nirskuisi 1st plur. olisimme nirskuneet emme olisi nirskuneet
2nd plur. nirskuisitte ette nirskuisi 2nd plur. olisitte nirskuneet ette olisi nirskuneet
3rd plur. nirskuisivat eivät nirskuisi 3rd plur. olisivat nirskuneet eivät olisi nirskuneet
passive nirskuttaisiin ei nirskuttaisi passive olisi nirskuttu ei olisi nirskuttu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. 1st sing.
2nd sing. nirsku älä nirsku 2nd sing.
3rd sing. nirskukoon älköön nirskuko 3rd sing. olkoon nirskunut älköön olko nirskunut
1st plur. nirskukaamme älkäämme nirskuko 1st plur.
2nd plur. nirskukaa älkää nirskuko 2nd plur.
3rd plur. nirskukoot älkööt nirskuko 3rd plur. olkoot nirskuneet älkööt olko nirskuneet
passive nirskuttakoon älköön nirskuttako passive olkoon nirskuttu älköön olko nirskuttu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. nirskunen en nirskune 1st sing. lienen nirskunut en liene nirskunut
2nd sing. nirskunet et nirskune 2nd sing. lienet nirskunut et liene nirskunut
3rd sing. nirskunee ei nirskune 3rd sing. lienee nirskunut ei liene nirskunut
1st plur. nirskunemme emme nirskune 1st plur. lienemme nirskuneet emme liene nirskuneet
2nd plur. nirskunette ette nirskune 2nd plur. lienette nirskuneet ette liene nirskuneet
3rd plur. nirskunevat eivät nirskune 3rd plur. lienevät nirskuneet eivät liene nirskuneet
passive nirskuttaneen ei nirskuttane passive lienee nirskuttu ei liene nirskuttu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st nirskua present nirskuva nirskuttava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st nirskuakseni nirskuaksemme
2nd nirskuaksesi nirskuaksenne
3rd nirskuakseen
nirskuaksensa
past nirskunut nirskuttu
2nd inessive2 nirskuessa nirskuttaessa agent3 nirskuma
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st nirskuessani nirskuessamme
2nd nirskuessasi nirskuessanne
3rd nirskuessaan
nirskuessansa
negative nirskumaton
instructive nirskuen 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

3rd inessive nirskumassa
elative nirskumasta
illative nirskumaan
adessive nirskumalla
abessive nirskumatta
instructive nirskuman nirskuttaman
4th4 verbal noun nirskuminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st nirskumaisillani nirskumaisillamme
2nd nirskumaisillasi nirskumaisillanne
3rd nirskumaisillaan
nirskumaisillansa

Synonyms edit

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit