paṭhamapurisa
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- paṭhama purisa (Latin script)
- 𑀧𑀞𑀫 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- पठम पुरिस (Devanagari script)
- পঠম পুরিস (Bengali script)
- පඨම පුරිස (Sinhalese script)
- ပဌမ ပုရိသ or ပꩧမ ပုရိသ (Burmese script)
- ปฐม ปุริส or ปะฐะมะ ปุริสะ (Thai script)
- ᨷᨮᨾ ᨷᩩᩁᩥᩈ (Tai Tham script)
- ປຐມ ປຸຣິສ or ປະຐະມະ ປຸຣິສະ (Lao script)
- បឋម បុរិស (Khmer script)
- 𑄛𑄒𑄟 𑄛𑄪𑄢𑄨𑄥 (Chakma script)
Etymology edit
Calque of Sanskrit प्रथमपुरुष (prathamapuruṣa, “third person”), compounded as karmadhāraya compound of paṭhama (“first”) + purisa (“person”). The uncompounded form also exists.
Noun edit
paṭhamapurisa m
- (grammar) third person
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar][1], page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसि तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥
- Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.
- With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar][2], page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- नामम्हि पयुज्जमानेपि अप्पयुज्ज्मानेपि तुल्याधिकरणे पठमो पुरिसो होति।
- Nāmamhi payujjamānepi appayujjamānepi tulyādhikaraṇe paṭhamo puriso hoti.
- The third person is used when in agreement with a noun be it expressed or unexpressed.
Usage notes edit
This word may be freely decomposed into its components and recomposed, as in the example paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ above.
Declension edit
Declension table of "paṭhamapurisa" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | paṭhamapuriso | paṭhamapurisā |
| Accusative (second) | paṭhamapurisaṃ | paṭhamapurise |
| Instrumental (third) | paṭhamapurisena | paṭhamapurisehi or paṭhamapurisebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | paṭhamapurisassa or paṭhamapurisāya or paṭhamapurisatthaṃ | paṭhamapurisānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | paṭhamapurisasmā or paṭhamapurisamhā or paṭhamapurisā | paṭhamapurisehi or paṭhamapurisebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | paṭhamapurisassa | paṭhamapurisānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | paṭhamapurisasmiṃ or paṭhamapurisamhi or paṭhamapurise | paṭhamapurisesu |
| Vocative (calling) | paṭhamapurisa | paṭhamapurisā |