propugnaculum

Latin

Etymology

From prōpugnō (“I defend”) +‎ -culum.

Noun

prōpugnāculum n (genitive prōpugnāculī); second declension

1. bulwark, rampart, fortress
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.87-88:

     [...] portūsve aut prōpugnācula bellō / tūta parant [...].

     [...] Nor do they prepare ports or ramparts for defense in war. [...].

2. defence

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	prōpugnāculum	prōpugnācula
Genitive	prōpugnāculī	prōpugnāculōrum
Dative	prōpugnāculō	prōpugnāculīs
Accusative	prōpugnāculum	prōpugnācula
Ablative	prōpugnāculō	prōpugnāculīs
Vocative	prōpugnāculum	prōpugnācula

References

• “propugnaculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “propugnaculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• propugnaculum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• propugnaculum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “propugnaculum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers