secouer
French edit
Etymology edit
From Old French secorre or secourre, from Latin succutiō.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
secouer
- (transitive) to shake
- (transitive) to shake off (oppression etc.)
- (transitive) to shake (emotionally, figuratively)
- (transitive) to shake up
- (reflexive, literary) to shake (oneself)
- (reflexive, colloquial) to make an effort
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of secouer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | secouer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | secouant /sə.kwɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | secoué /sə.kwe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | secoue /sə.ku/ |
secoues /sə.ku/ |
secoue /sə.ku/ |
secouons /sə.kwɔ̃/ |
secouez /sə.kwe/ |
secouent /sə.ku/ |
| imperfect | secouais /sə.kwɛ/ |
secouais /sə.kwɛ/ |
secouait /sə.kwɛ/ |
secouions /sə.ku.jɔ̃/ |
secouiez /sə.ku.je/ |
secouaient /sə.kwɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | secouai /sə.kwe/ |
secouas /sə.kwa/ |
secoua /sə.kwa/ |
secouâmes /sə.kwam/ |
secouâtes /sə.kwat/ |
secouèrent /sə.kwɛʁ/ | |
| future | secouerai /sə.ku.ʁe/ |
secoueras /sə.ku.ʁa/ |
secouera /sə.ku.ʁa/ |
secouerons /sə.ku.ʁɔ̃/ |
secouerez /sə.ku.ʁe/ |
secoueront /sə.ku.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | secouerais /sə.ku.ʁɛ/ |
secouerais /sə.ku.ʁɛ/ |
secouerait /sə.ku.ʁɛ/ |
secouerions /sə.ku.ʁjɔ̃/ |
secoueriez /sə.ku.ʁje/ |
secoueraient /sə.ku.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | secoue /sə.ku/ |
secoues /sə.ku/ |
secoue /sə.ku/ |
secouions /sə.ku.jɔ̃/ |
secouiez /sə.ku.je/ |
secouent /sə.ku/ |
| imperfect2 | secouasse /sə.kwas/ |
secouasses /sə.kwas/ |
secouât /sə.kwa/ |
secouassions /sə.kwa.sjɔ̃/ |
secouassiez /sə.kwa.sje/ |
secouassent /sə.kwas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | secoue /sə.ku/ |
— | secouons /sə.kwɔ̃/ |
secouez /sə.kwe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “secouer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.