Wiktionary

en

See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Abbreviation.

PronunciationEdit

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ɛn/, /i.ɛn/
  • Audio (UK)
    		(file)
  • Audio (UK)
    		(file)

NounEdit

en

  1. Abbreviation of English.

Etymology 2Edit

The name of the letter comes from Latin en. The typographic sense dates to 1793.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

en (plural ens)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.
    The ems and ens at the beginnings and ends.
  2. (typography) A unit of measurement equal to half an em (half the height of the type in use).
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See alsoEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From French.

PronunciationEdit

  • (imitating the French pronunciation) IPA(key): [ɑ̃], [õ]
  • (anglicised) IPA(key): /ɒn/, /ɑn/
  • Audio (UK)
    		(file)

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. Used in various phrases borrowed from French or formed as if borrowed from French (see "Derived terms" below).
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

From Old English hine

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. (dialectal, Newfoundland) him
    • 1895, Thomas Hardy, A Pair of Blue Eyes‎[2], page 236:
      Such a strappen fine gentleman as he was, too. Yes, I rather like en sometimes.
  2. (dialectal, Newfoundland) it (when the thing being referred to is masculine)

AnagramsEdit

AfarEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

en

  1. (intransitive) to be, exist

ReferencesEdit

  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[3], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch en.

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. and
    Ek sit en drink koeldrank ― I sit and drink a cold drink.
  2. well
    En? ― well?

Alemannic GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Cognate with German ein, German Low German en, ein, Dutch een, English one, Icelandic einn, Swedish en.

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

en m

  1. (indefinite) a, an

DeclensionEdit

Declension of en
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative/accusative en e es -
dative emene enere emene -
  • Short forms of the dative – eme, ere, eme – are also common.

AsturianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in

Usage notesEdit

  • The preposition en contracts to n' before a word beginning with a vowel or h-: n'Asturies (in Asturias), n'honor (in honor)

Derived termsEdit

AukanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English and.

NounEdit

en

  1. and

AzerbaijaniEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Turkic *ēn.[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

en (definite accusative eni, plural enlər)

  1. width
    Synonym: genişlik

DeclensionEdit

Declension of en
singular plural
nominative en
 enlər
definite accusative eni
 enləri
dative enə
 enlərə
locative endə
 enlərdə
ablative endən
 enlərdən
definite genitive enin
 enlərin
Possessed forms of en
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enim enlərim
sənin (“your”) enin enlərin
onun (“his/her/its”) eni enləri
bizim (“our”) enimiz enlərimiz
sizin (“your”) eniniz enləriniz
onların (“their”) eni or enləri enləri
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimi enlərimi
sənin (“your”) enini enlərini
onun (“his/her/its”) enini enlərini
bizim (“our”) enimizi enlərimizi
sizin (“your”) eninizi enlərinizi
onların (“their”) enini or enlərini enlərini
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimə enlərimə
sənin (“your”) eninə enlərinə
onun (“his/her/its”) eninə enlərinə
bizim (“our”) enimizə enlərimizə
sizin (“your”) eninizə enlərinizə
onların (“their”) eninə or enlərinə enlərinə
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimdə enlərimdə
sənin (“your”) enində enlərində
onun (“his/her/its”) enində enlərində
bizim (“our”) enimizdə enlərimizdə
sizin (“your”) eninizdə enlərinizdə
onların (“their”) enində or enlərində enlərində
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimdən enlərimdən
sənin (“your”) enindən enlərindən
onun (“his/her/its”) enindən enlərindən
bizim (“our”) enimizdən enlərimizdən
sizin (“your”) eninizdən enlərinizdən
onların (“their”) enindən or enlərindən enlərindən
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimin enlərimin
sənin (“your”) eninin enlərinin
onun (“his/her/its”) eninin enlərinin
bizim (“our”) enimizin enlərimizin
sizin (“your”) eninizin enlərinizin
onların (“their”) eninin or enlərinin enlərinin

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*ēn”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • “en” in Obastan.com.

BretonEdit

ContractionEdit

en

  1. e (preposition "in") + un (indefinite article "a(n)")
  2. e (preposition "in") + an (definite article "the")

CatalanEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From the final syllable of Latin domine (“Mister”).

ArticleEdit

en m sg (elided n', feminine na)

  1. (Eastern Catalan) Personal article used before masculine given names instead of the definite article el.
    En Pau i na Maria arribaran demà.
    Pau and Maria will be arriving tomorrow.
Usage notesEdit
  • While this article (and its feminine counterpart na) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article els is used in all dialects.
Derived termsEdit
  • can (contraction of ca and ne)

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Occitan, from Latin in (“in, inside”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in

Etymology 3Edit

From Latin inde (“thence”). Compare French en, Italian ne.

PronounEdit

en (proclitic, contracted n', enclitic ne, contracted enclitic 'n)

  1. Represents an indeterminate number or quantity of a given noun.
  2. Represents a place (associated with the action described by the verb) that would be introduced by the preposition de.
  3. Replaces a phrase introduced by the preposition de.
  4. Replaces the object of a causative verb.
Usage notesEdit
  • en cannot be used more than once as the object of a given verb.
  • While en is usually used to replace phrases beginning with the preposition de, adverbial phrases (e.g., de pressa) are replaced with hi.
  • en is sometimes used instead of ho to replace an adjective or indefinite noun as the predicate of a verb.
  • en is sometimes used popularly to add emphasis to a sentence: in this sense, it has no translation in English.
  • en is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with consonant.
DeclensionEdit
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

See alsoEdit

Further readingEdit

Central FranconianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old High German in.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. (most dialects) in; into

AdverbEdit

en

  1. (most dialects) in

Etymology 2Edit

From Old High German indi.

Alternative formsEdit

  • on, un (predominant)

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. (some western dialects) and

Etymology 3Edit

From Old High German ein.

Alternative formsEdit

  • e (neuter and in some dialects masculine, before non-dental consonants)

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

en (indefinite)

  1. (most dialects) feminine nominative and accusative
  2. (most dialects) neuter nominative and accusative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
  3. (some dialects) masculine nominative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
  4. (some dialects) masculine accusative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants

Etymology 4Edit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

en (personal, reduced)

  1. (most dialects) him; masculine accusative
  2. (some dialects) he; masculine nominative
  3. (most dialects) them; plural dative

ChamorroEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. ye, you (plural)

Usage notesEdit

See alsoEdit

Chamorro personal pronouns
hu-type pronouns
singular plural inclusive plural exclusive
1st person hu ta in
2nd person un en
3rd person ha ma
yoʼ-type pronouns
singular plural inclusive plural exclusive
1st person yoʼ hit ham
2nd person hao hamyo
3rd person gueʼ siha
emphatic pronouns
singular plural inclusive plural exclusive
1st person guahu hita hami
2nd person hagu hamyo
3rd person guiya siha

ReferencesEdit

  • Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar‎[4], Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

ChuukeseEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. Second-person singular pronoun; you

See alsoEdit

Chuukese personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person ngaang, nganga, ngang áám, am (exclusive)
kiich, kich (inclusive)
2nd person een, en áámi, ami
3rd person iiy, i iir, ir

DeterminerEdit

en (plural ekkan)

  1. this (not in possession of the speaker)

CimbrianEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. Alternative form of in (“him”)

Further readingEdit

  • “en” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Crimean TatarEdit

NounEdit

en

  1. width

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

en n

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.

Further readingEdit

  • en in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • en in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

DalmatianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin in.

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in

Related termsEdit

DanishEdit

Danish cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : en
    Ordinal : første

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /en/, [en], (stressed) [ˈeːˀn]

ArticleEdit

en (neuter et)

  1. a, an

NumeralEdit

en (neuter et)

  1. one

PronounEdit

en or én (neuter et or ét, definite ene)

  1. one

Usage notesEdit

  • Used as the oblique form of the generic pronoun man:[1]
    Hvis ens lærer behandler en uretfærdigt, kan man klage til skolens leder
    If one's teacher treats one unfairly, one can complain to the head of the school
  1. ^ Erik Hansen & Lars Hedtoft, Grammatik over det Danske Sprog (Odense 2011), vol. 2, 557.

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Dutch ende, from Old Dutch ande, inde, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. and
    De oude man en de zee. ― The Old Man and the Sea.
  2. well, so
    En, hoe gaat het ermee? ― Well, how're you doing?
    En? ― Well?
    En, wat zou dat? ― So what?
  3. (mathematics) plus, and
    Drie en vier is zeven. ― Three plus four is seven.
Alternative formsEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
  • Afrikaans: en
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: an
  • Jersey Dutch: en
  • Negerhollands: en, an
  • Petjo: en
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Dutch ne, en, from Old Dutch ne, from Proto-Germanic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

AdverbEdit

en

  1. (now Belgium, colloquial, obsolete elsewhere) not (often with another negator, see usage notes)
    • 1544, "Van proper Janneken" (song 123), in Dieuwke E. van der Poel, Dirk Geirnaert, Hermina Joldersma, J.B. Oosterman & Louis Peter Grijp (eds.) Het Antwerps liedboek, vol. 1, Lannoo (publ. 2004), page 283.
      Schoon soete lief, waert u bequame / Dat ghi mi gaeft een troostelijc woort, / Ic en soude certeyn geen ander boelken kiesen, / Al sout mi oock aen mijn leven gaen.
      Beautiful sweet darling, if it were pleasing to you / that you gave me a word of consolation, / I would certainly choose no other girlfriend, / even if it were to put my life at risk.
    • 1632, Jacob Cats, Spiegel van den ouden ende nieuwen tijt, bestaende uyt spreeckwoorden ende sinspreucken, "Een rotten appel in de mande, maeckt oock het gave fruyt te schande.", in J. van Vloten (ed.), Alle de werken, vol. 1, 1862, page 649.
      Daer magh geen rotte peer in onse manden wesen, / En wat'er niet en deught, dat dient'er uyt gelesen;
      There should not be any rotten pear in our baskets, / and what is not of decent quality, that ought be taken out of it;
    • "Herr Halewyn", A.H. Hoffmann von Fallersleben, Horae Belgicae, page 41.
      ‘Uw zoon heer Halewyn is gaen jagen, / g’ en ziet hem weêr uw levens dagen.’
      'Your son Lord Halewyn has gone hunting / you won't see him again for the rest of your life.'
    • circa 1860, Guido Gezelle, "Gij zegt dat 't vlaamsch te niet zal gaan".
      Gij zegt dat 't vlaamsch te niet zal gaan: / 't en zal! / dat 't waalsch gezwets zal boven slaan: / 't en zal!
      You say that Flemish will go extinct: / no, it won't! / That Walloon banter [i.e. Belgian French, not the Walloon language] will gain the upper hand: / No, it won't!
    ...dat aldaer binnen Utrecht niet meer geacht ende respecteert en wordt, ... ― that in Utrecht is no longer valued and respected...
  2. (obsolete) only, merely, no other than, none other than (together with maar)
Usage notesEdit
  • In historical usage, en is always used directly before the finite verb. When used to negate it is commonly accompanied by another negator: gij en zult niet stelen (“thou shalt not steal”), en wat er niet en deugt (“and what is not of decent quality”), ik en zoude certein geen ander boelken kiezen (“I would certainly not choose another girlfriend”). Also when used as a stand-alone negator or when combined with maar, it still stands directly before the finite verb. Use of the particle does not trigger a change in the word order.
  • In Belgian Dutch it is still sometimes used in certain regional lects and in the tussentaal (“informal registers influenced by both Standard Belgian Dutch and the regional lects”). Details and frequency of use depend on what regional language variety influences a given speaker's idiom, as well as on the speaker's preferences.
    • In West Flemish usage broadly conforms to historical use: the negation particle may be used along with other negators, independentely or it may be omitted. It is also used as a stand-alone negator to contradict a previous statement that was phrased with positive polarity: Gij zegt dat 't Vlaams te niet zal gaan: / 't en zal! (“You say that Flemish will go extinct: / no, it won't!”)
    • In Belgian Brabantian it is frequently omitted, but it may also be used directly before another negator rather than before the finite verb: en niet.
  • In contemporary Netherlands Dutch the use of the particle is limited to old proverbs, such as wat baten kaars en bril als de uil niet zien en wil.

AnagramsEdit

EsperantoEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in, within, inside
    Ĝi estas en la domo. ― It is in (within, inside) the house.
  2. into (when followed by a noun or phrase in the accusative case)
    Li iras en la domon. ― He goes into the house.

Derived termsEdit

FalaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Portuguese en, from Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 2: Númerus:
      Cumu to é custión de proporciós, sin que sirva de argumentu por nun fel falta, poemus vel que en a misma Europa hai Estaus Soberarius con menus territoriu que os tres lugaris nossus, cumu: […]
      As everything is a matter of proportions, without its presence being an argument, we can see that even in Europe there are Sovereign States with less territory than our three places, such as: […]

FinnishEdit

EtymologyEdit

See ei. Has the regular verb ending -n.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈen/, [ˈe̞n]
  • Rhymes: -en
  • Syllabification: en

VerbEdit

en

  1. The first-person singular form of the negative verb (negation verb). The English translations include do not/don’t and not (with auxiliary verbs and be).

Usage notesEdit

  • The negative verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb. That form is identical to the second-person singular imperative in the indicative present. The potential mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -ne-, and the conditional mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -isi-. In the indicative past, conditional past and potential past, the active past participle singular (ending -ut/-yt) is used. The connegative form of the main verb is always used without the personal suffix.
  • Usage of en:
  • Indicative:
  • Minä näen. (I see.) → Minä en näe. (I do not see.)
  • Minä näin. (I saw.) → Minä en nähnyt. (I did not see.)
  • Minä olen nähnyt. (I have seen.) → Minä en ole nähnyt. (I have not seen.)
  • Minä olin nähnyt. (I had seen.) → Minä en ollut nähnyt. (I had not seen.)
  • Conditional:
  • Minä näkisin. (I would see.) → Minä en näkisi. (I would not see.)
  • Minä olisin nähnyt. (I would have seen.) → Minä en olisi nähnyt. (I would not have seen.)
  • Potential:
  • Minä nähnen. (I probably see.) → Minä en nähne. (I probably do not see.)
  • Minä lienen nähnyt. (I have probably seen.) → Minä en liene nähnyt. (I have probably not seen.)

ConjugationEdit

  • The negation verb has no infinitive form.
  • Indicative, conditional and potential moods use the indicative forms (stem e-), for which the verb is conjugated only in person.
  • In the imperative mood the negation verb has the stem äl-.
  • An archaic optative mood exists and is used mainly in poetry.
person indicative mood imperative mood optative mood
1st sing. en (älkääni, älkäämi) (ällön)
2nd sing. et älä (ällös)
3rd sing. ei älköön (älköön)
1st plur. emme älkäämme (älköömme)
2nd plur. ette älkää (älköötte)
3rd plur. eivät älkööt (älkööt)

AnagramsEdit

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle French en, from Old French en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in (used to indicate space, also see usage notes)
    J'habite en Angleterre. ― I live in England.
  2. to (indicates direction towards certain very large locations, see usage notes)
    Il est allé en France. ― He went to France.
  3. by (used to indicate means)
    aller en bus ― go by bus
    partir en voiture ― leave by car
  4. as
    Il me traite en ami. ― He treats me as a friend.
    habillé en père Noël ― dressed as Father Christmas
  5. at (used to describe an ability)
    fort en histoire ― good at history
  6. of, made of (used to describe composition)
    une chaise en hêtre ― a chair made of beech/a beech chair
    une fourchette en métal ― a fork made of metal/a metal fork
  7. in (during the following time (used for months and years))
    en 1993 ― in 1993
    en janvier ― in January
    en septembre 2001 ― in September 2001
  8. (followed by a gerund) while
  9. (followed by a gerund) by, in (describing a way of getting something)
    C'est en trichant qu'il est devenu champion. ― It was by cheating that he became champion.
  10. in (used to describe color)
    une photo en noir et blanc ― a photo in black and white
  11. in (used to describe feelings)
    en détresse ― in distress
  12. in (as part of something)
    en équipe ― on a team
Usage notesEdit
  • En in the sense of while is often not translated into English.
  • When referring to location in countries, provinces, or similar subdivisions in sense 1 and direction in sense 2, en must be used when the name for that very large location is either a feminine singular noun or a vowel-initial masculine singular noun. If the name for the very large location is a consonant-initial masculine singular noun, au is used, while if the name of the very large location is plural, aux is used.

Further readingEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin inde (“thence”). Compare Catalan en, Italian ne

PronounEdit

en ?

  1. Used as the object of a verb to indicate an indefinite quantity; of it, of them. Replaces the partitive article (du, de la, etc.)
    Essaies-en !
    Try some (of it / them)!
    Tu as combien de livres ? J'en ai trois.
    How many books do you have? I have three (of them).
    Y a-t-il beaucoup de pièces ? Oui. Il y en a beaucoup.
    Are there many rooms? Yes, there are many (of them).
    Martin a trois sandwichs, mais j'en ai seulement deux.
    Martin has three sandwiches, but I have only two (of them).
    Il y en a combien ?
    How many of them are there?
    Je bois de l'alcool parce que j'en ai besoin
    I drink alcohol because I need (of) it.
    • 1654, Blaise Pascal, Traité du triangle arithmétique :
      J'en donnerai ici la méthode, que je poursuivrai seulement en deux ou trois exemples, qui seront si aisés à continuer qu'il ne sera pas nécessaire d'en donner davantage.
      I shall give (of it) here the method that I shall pursue only in two or three examples, which will be so easy to continue that it will not be necessary to give more of them.
  2. Adverbial preposition indicating movement away from a place already mentioned.
    Est-ce qu'elle vient de Barcelone ? Oui, elle en vient.
    Does she come from Barcelona? Yes, she does.
Related termsEdit
French personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Locative
(at) 		Genitive
(of) 		Disjunctive
(tonic)
Singular First — je, j’ me, m’ — — moi
Second — tu te, t’ — — toi
Third Masculine il le, l’ lui y en lui
Feminine elle la, l’ elle
Indeterminate on1 — — — — —
Reflexive — se, s’4 — — soi4
Plural First — nous nous — — nous
Second — vous2 vous2,3 — — vous2
Third Masculine ils3 les leur y en eux3
Feminine elles elles
1 Also used as the first person plural.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.

AnagramsEdit

FulaEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. first person plural inclusive pronoun;short form we

See alsoEdit

Usage notesEdit

ReferencesEdit

GalicianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in
  2. When preceding a verb or a complement of a verb it can denote a unfinished or continued action:
    • 1822, anonymous, A Parola Polêteca:
      En escoitalo, señor tio Calacú, xà o peléxo do meu corpo tembra. Sei que á tanta agua que acarrexóu amolentoulle os miolos, é por eso louquéa
      While listening to you, my sir uncle Pumpkin, my body's skin trembles. Perhaps the much water you have carried softened you brain, and therefore you are going insane
    • 1853, Xosé Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega:
      xa morder ti ben non podes
      con tal podrico nos dentes,
      inda no pan teño mentes
      seique non podes chanchar
      you can no longer aptly eat
      with such rottenness in you teeth,
      even bread, I think,
      probably you cannot gnaw [chanchar means "bite", but en preceding pan, "bread", implies a repeated action]
    O Manuel vai na casa ― Manuel went home (implying that eventually he'll be back)
    María beberrica no licor ― María is sipping his liquor

Usage notesEdit

  • The preposition en contracts to n- before articles, before third-person tonic pronouns, and before the determiners algún and outro.

Derived termsEdit

AdverbEdit

en

  1. while; as soon as (followed by the gerund of a verb, expresses immediacy or simultaneity)
    En chegando mudas a roupa mollada ― As soon as you arrive change your wet clothes
    • 1295, R. Lorenzo (ed.), La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla. Ourense: I. E. O. P. F., page 111:
      Et o conde, en chegando et ferindo logo ẽnos mouros, todo en hũu o fezo
      And the count, [just] arriving, and hurting promptly the Moors, all in one he did that
    • 1460, Rui Vasques, Corónica de Iria:
      en leendo perlos llibros algũus de canõicas antijgas, et preujlegios goticos dos santos catholicos et deuotos bispos de Yria et porla Escriptura, achey o fundamento para rreduzir aa memoria dos homes quanto durarõ çertas ydades
      [while] reading books, some of them of ancient canons, and Gothic privileges of the saint Catholic and devout bishops of Iria, and through the Bible, I found the foundation for reducing to the mind of men for how long some ages lasted
    • 1461, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 141:
      dito testigo en seendo moço pequeno con seu tyo Afonso Dominges, guardando o gaando en Curro do Moyño, que le dixera o dito Afonso Domingees "bees, por aquy se parte ho término do conde do de Juan d'Estúñiga
      said witness [while] being a young boy together with his uncle Afonso Domínguez, watching the cattle in Curro do Muíño, he was told by said Afonso Domínguez: "you see, here the term of the count limits with that of Xoán de Estúñiga

ReferencesEdit

  • “en” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
  • “en” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
  • “en” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “en” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

German Low GermanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • 'n, -'n
  • (in other dialects, including Low Prussian) een
  • (in some dialects) ein
  • (East Pomeranian) ain

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Low German ên, from Old Saxon ēn. Compare Dutch een, German ein, West Frisian ien, English one.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈɛɪ̯n/, /ˈeːn/, /ˈæɪ̯n/, /ˈeːɪ̯n/

ArticleEdit

en m or n (indefinite article)

  1. (in some dialects) a, an

NumeralEdit

en

  1. (in some dialects, including Low Prussian) one (1)

See alsoEdit

  • Dutch Low Saxon: een
  • Plautdietsch een, (cardinal number) eent

Haitian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French un (“one”), from Latin ūnus (“one”).

NumeralEdit

en

  1. one

SynonymsEdit

See alsoEdit

HunsrikEdit

PronunciationEdit

DeterminerEdit

en (indefinite)

  1. a, an
    Sie sitze aan em runde Disch.
    They are sitting at a round table.

PronounEdit

en

  1. unstressed accusative of er: him.

InflectionEdit

Hunsrik personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
Proclitic Enclitic str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich

eich

-ich mich

meich

meer mer

m'r

2nd person singular
(informal) 		du

dau/Dau

-du, -de

-Dau, -De

dich

deich/Deich

deer der

d'r/D'r

3rd person singular (m.) er; där -er ihn en ihm em
3rd person singular (f.) sie; die -se sie / ihns se eer

ehr

re
3rd person singular (n.) es; das

et, 't

's es

et

-et, -'t

ihm em
1st person plural meer mer uns

uhs

2nd person plural deer

Ehr, Dehr

der eich

Auch

3rd person plural sie; die -se sie se denne

DeclensionEdit

Hunsrik indefinite articles
Masculine Feminine Neutral
nom./acc. en

e

en

e

en

e

dative em ener em

Further readingEdit

IcelandicEdit

AdverbEdit

en

  1. how
    Nei, Elín? En gaman að sjá þig! ― Elín? How good to see you!

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. but
    Bjóðum Önnu en ekki Björk. ― Let's invite Anna but not Björk.
    Ég ætla að fá brauð en ekki mjólk. ― I'll have bread but not milk.
  2. than (with an adjective in the comparative)
    Ég er betri en bróðir minn. ― I'm better than my brother.

Usage notesEdit

  • Sometimes Icelandic uses en where English would use and:
    Sonur hans hét Jón, en dóttir hans Ása.
    His son was named John and his daughter was named Ása.
    Veðrið var ekki gott framan af: rigning á fjallinu, en þoka í byggð.
    The weather was not good to begin with: rain in the mountains, and fog in the countryside.
    Rannsókn embættis sérstaks saksóknara á meintum innherjasvikum Baldurs Guðlaugssonar stóð yfir í rúmlega ár, en FME kærði málið með bréfi til embættisins hinn 9. júlí á síðasta ári.[1]
  • In the sentence
    Hún er skemmtilegri en ég.
    She is more fun than I am.

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ “Archived copy”, in (please provide the title of the work)‎[1], accessed 25 April 2019, archived from the original on 19 September 2016

IdoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French en, Spanish en, from Latin in, inde from Proto-Indo-European *én (“in”).

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in

IngrianEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

en

  1. first-person singular present of ei

ReferencesEdit

  • Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)‎[6]

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

en

  1. Rōmaji transcription of えん

Jersey DutchEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Dutch een (“a”). Cognates include Afrikaans 'n.

ArticleEdit

en

  1. the

Etymology 2Edit

From Dutch en. Cognates include Afrikaans en.

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. and
    • 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
      Hai waz nît tevrêde täus en […]
      He was not content at home and […]

KabuverdianuEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Portuguese em.

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in

KottEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔäń (˜x-) ("wave").

NounEdit

en (plural ēnaŋ)

  1. wave

NounEdit

en

  1. plural of ei

KriolEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English and.

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. and

LadinoEdit

PrepositionEdit

en (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling אין‎)

  1. in
    • 2000, David Altabé, “Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi”, in Esther Benbassa, editor, Les Sépharades en littérature, page 164:
      En todas partes del mundo bivi,
      i pedasos de mi alma abandoni
      I've lived in all parts of the world,
      and abandoned pieces of my soul
    • 2014, Şeli GAON, “La solidaridad”, in Şalom Gazetesi‎[7]:
      Deke la solidaridad es emportante? Porke la solidaridad es lo djusto. Porke; todos bivimos en una sosyetad...
      Why is solidarity important? Because solidarity is what is right. Because we all live in a society...

LatinEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

ēn

  1. lookǃ beholdǃ (presenting something in a lively or indignant manner)
  2. reallyǃ? (surprise or anger in questions)
  3. come onǃ (exhortation to action in imperatives)

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

en f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter N.
Usage notesEdit
  • Multiple Latin names for the letter N, n have been suggested. The most common is en or a syllabic n, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, nē, ən, nə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ιννε (inne).
Coordinate termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • en in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • en in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63

Etymology 3Edit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. Early Latin form of in (“in”)

LatvianEdit

PronunciationEdit

(file)

NounEdit

en m (invariable)

  1. The Latvian name of the Latin script letter N/n.

See alsoEdit

LeoneseEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in

Usage notesEdit

When followed by an article, en is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:

Contractions of en
en + article Combined form
en + el nel
en + la na
en + lu nu
en + los nos
en + las nas
en + article Combined form
en + un nun
en + una nuna
en + unos nunos
en + unas nunas
en + pronoun Combined form
en + el nél
en + eilla neilla
en + eillu neillu
en + eillos neillos
en + eillas neillas
en + dem. adjective Combined form en + dem. pronoun Combined form
en + esti nesti en + ésti nésti
en + esta nesta en + ésta nésta
en + estu nestu en + éstu néstu
en + estos nestos en + éstos néstos
en + estas nestas en + éstas néstas
en + dem. adjective Combined form en + dem. pronoun Combined form
en + esi nesi en + ési nési
en + esa nesa en + ésa nésa
en + esu nesu en + ésu nésu
en + esos nesos en + ésos nésos
en + esas nesas en + ésas nésas
en + dem. adjective Combined form en + dem. pronoun Combined form
en + aquel naquel en + aquél naquél
en + aqueilla naqueilla en + aquéilla naquéilla
en + aqueillu naqueillu en + aquéillu naquéillu
en + aqueillos naqueillos en + aquéillos naquéillos
en + aqueillas naqueillas en + aquéillas naquéillas

ReferencesEdit

Lule SamiEdit

VerbEdit

en

  1. first-person dual present of ij

LuxembourgishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old High German ein, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz.

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

en m or n

  1. Indefinite article; a, an
    Ech droen en Hutt wann et reent. ― I wear a hat when it rains.
    Hues du e bloe Stëft? ― Do you have a blue pen?

DeclensionEdit

Luxembourgish indefinite articles
masculine feminine neuter
nom./acc. en eng en
dative engem enger engem

PronounEdit

en

  1. unstressed form of hien
    Hues de n e gefrot? ― Have you asked him?
  2. unstressed form of hinnen
    Ech hunn et e gesot. ― I told it them

DeclensionEdit

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech [əɕ] iech iech [əɕ] iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Usage notesEdit

  • Due to the Eifel Rule, the final -n is lost when the following word begins with a consonant other than <d>, <h>, <n>, <t> or <z>.

MandarinEdit

RomanizationEdit

en

  1. Nonstandard spelling of ēn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of én.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of ěn.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of èn.

Usage notesEdit

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. Alternative form of ende

Middle EnglishEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. Alternative form of in (“in”)

Middle FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old French [Term?], from Latin in.

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. on; on to

DescendantsEdit

  • French: en

Middle Low GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *ne (“not”).

PronunciationEdit

Unknown, possibly IPA(key): /ɛn/ or IPA(key): /ən/.

ParticleEdit

en m

  1. not; negates a verb, usage is facultative if it leads to a double negative
    Idt en sal nümant syn Erve vryg verkopenn dar ander lüde wat anne hebbet. he en segget den kop to varenn.
    Nobody shall [not] sell his inheritance, to which other people have rights attached, freely, unless he tell this to the buyer beforehand...
  2. unless
    Idt en sal nümant syn Erve vryg verkopenn dar ander lüde wat anne hebbet. he en segget den kop to varenn.
    Nobody shall sell his inheritance, to which other people have rights attached, freely, unless he tell this to the buyer beforehand...

Alternative formsEdit

  • ne (older, Eastphalian)

MovimaEdit

VerbEdit

en

  1. to stand

Further readingEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

Norwegian Bokmål cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : en
    Ordinal : første

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

en m (feminine ei or (non-standard since 1938) e, neuter et)

  1. a, an (indefinite article)

NumeralEdit

en m (feminine ei, neuter ett, stressed form én)

  1. one

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

Etymology 1Edit

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1901; superseded by enn

Etymology 2Edit

ArticleEdit

en

  1. (dialectal, nonstandard) Alternative form of ein

Etymology 3Edit

en

  1. Used as part of set phrases from French

Etymology 4Edit

en

  1. Used as part of the expression stopp en hal

Old FrenchEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • in (10th century)

EtymologyEdit

From Latin in.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in; inside
    • 1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine):
      Et pour ce qu’il se complaint moult de froit et horipilacion, pour ce au commencement on luy doit mettre les piés et les mains en eaue chaulde
      And if he complains about cold and shivers, to start with one must put his feet and is hands in hot water
  2. on; upon
    • 12th Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:
      qi en la crois fu mis
      [He] who was put on the cross
  3. in (experiencing an emotion, a feeling, etc.)
    en paine ― in pain
  4. in (indicates a language)
    en latin ― in Latin

DescendantsEdit

  • Middle French: en
    • French: en
  • Norman: en

Old FrisianEdit

Old Frisian cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : ēn
    Ordinal : ērest

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *ain. Cognates include Old English ān and Old Saxon ēn.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

ēn m or n

  1. one
    ēn skilling ― one shilling

ArticleEdit

ēn m or n

  1. a, an

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ēn
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ēn, ān ēne ēn
Accusative ēnne, ānne ēne ēn
Genitive ēnes ēnere, ēnre ēnes
Dative ēne ēnere, ēnre ēne

DescendantsEdit

  • North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum:
    Föhr: een m, ian f or n
    Amrum: ään m, ian f or n
    Goesharde:
    Hoolmer: åån m, iin f or n
    Hoorninger: aan m, iin f or n
    Halligen: aon m, ian f or n
    Heligoland: iaan, jaan
    Mooring: ån m, iinj f or n
    Sylt: jen
    Wiedingharde: oan m, iin f or n
  • Saterland Frisian: aan m, een f or n
  • West Frisian: ien

ReferencesEdit

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old NorseEdit

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. but
  2. (as a copulative): and
  3. than

SynonymsEdit

  • (and): ok
  • (than): an

ReferencesEdit

  • en in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old OccitanEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. of it; of them
    • 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Can vei la lauzeta mover
      Ailas! Tan cuidava saber
      D'amor, e tan petit en sai,
      Alas! I thought I knew so much
      about love, and I know so little [of it]!

Old PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in
    • 13th century C.E., Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , E codex, cantiga 294 (facsimile):
      Como hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſ[ant]a mari[a] por q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtava a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.
      How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.

DescendantsEdit

  • Fala: en
  • Galician: en
  • Portuguese: em

Old SaxonEdit

Old Saxon cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : ēn

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *ain.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

en m

  1. one
    • thoh uui hēr te meti habdin garu im te geƀanne sō uui mahtin fargelden mēst tueho uuāri is noh than that iro ēnig thar ēnes gināmi
      Though we had food that we should buy to give him. The most doubt is still there that anyone once felt
      (Heliand, verse 2637)

ArticleEdit

en m

  1. a, an (rarely used)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ēn
Masculine Neuter Feminine
nominative ēn ēn ēn
accusative ēnana ēn ēna
genitive ēnes ēnes ēnaro
dative ēnumu ēnumu ēnaro


DescendantsEdit

  • Middle Low German: ên, ein
    • Low German:
      • German Low German: een (Hamburgisch)
      • Westphalian:
        Lippisch: eun
        Ravensbergisch: åine
        Sauerländisch: ên
        Westmünsterländisch: een, eene, ne
    • Plautdietsch: een

Old SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.

NumeralEdit

ēn m or f

  1. one

Pennsylvania GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

EtymologyEdit

Compare German ein.

ArticleEdit

en (indefinite)

  1. a, an

DeclensionEdit

Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative en en en
Accusative en en en
Dative me re me

PronounEdit

en

  1. him

DeclensionEdit

Declension of en
Nominative Accusative Dative
1st - Singular ich mich mir
mer (unstressed)
2nd - Singular du
de (unstressed) 		dich dir
der (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Masculine er ihn
en (unstressed) 		ihm
em (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Feminine sie
se (unstressed) 		sie
se (unstressed) 		ihre
re (unstressed)
3rd - Singular Neuter es es ihm
em (unstressed)
1st - Plural mir
mer (unstressed) 		uns uns
2nd - Plural dihr
der (unstressed) 		eich eich
3rd - Plural sie sie ihne
ne (unstressed)
2nd - Polite Sie Sie Ihne
Ne (unstressed)

SloveneEdit

Slovene numbers
< 0 1 2 >

EtymologyEdit

Contraction of earlier êden, from Proto-Slavic *(j)edinъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

ȅn

  1. one

Usage notesEdit

The form êden is used when the word does not modify a noun directly, but stands in predicate position. When counting or reciting numbers, the feminine form êna is normally used.

InflectionEdit

Declension of en (hard)
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative èn, êden êna êno
accusative nominativeinan or genitiveanim êno êno
genitive ênega êne ênega
dative ênemu êni ênemu
locative ênem êni ênem
instrumental ênim êno ênim
dual
masculine feminine neuter
nominative — — —
accusative — — —
genitive — — —
dative — — —
locative — — —
instrumental — — —
plural
masculine feminine neuter
nominative êni êne êna
accusative êne êne êna
genitive ênih ênih ênih
dative ênim ênim ênim
locative ênih ênih ênih
instrumental ênimi ênimi ênimi

Derived termsEdit

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Spanish en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”). Cognate with Old English in and English in.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈem/, [ˈẽm] (before b, v, p)
  • Audio
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -en

PrepositionEdit

en

  1. in, at, on
    Estoy en casa. ― I'm at home.
    Estoy sentado en la computadora. ― I'm sitting at the computer.
    en esta página ― on this page
    en la caja en la mesa ― in the box on the table
  2. in (a time)
    en la antigüedad ― in antiquity
    en 1999 ― in 1999
  3. in (a language)
    No conozco esta palabra en francés.
    I don't know this word in French.
    en todos los idiomas ― in all languages
  4. used after some verbs and translated by various prepositions in English
    Pienso en tí. ― I'm thinking of you.
  5. in (in various expressions)
    en el sentido ― in the sense
    en nuestro afán ― in our eagerness

Further readingEdit

Sranan TongoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From older hem, from English him.

Alternative formsEdit

PronounEdit

en

  1. Third-person singular possessive determiner/pronoun; his, her, its

PronounEdit

en

  1. Third-person singular object pronoun; him, her, it
  2. Contrastive variant of a; he, she, it.

SumerianEdit

RomanizationEdit

en

  1. Romanization of 𒂗 (en)

SwedishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Swedish ēn, æn, from Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

en (genitive ens)

  1. one; object form of man (=one)
    Det man inte vet skadar en inte
    What one doesn’t know doesn’t hurt one.
  2. one (see usage notes)
Usage notesEdit

En has in recent years been used as a more gender-conscious alternative to the impersonal pronoun man. The development is in some ways parallel to the gender-neutral pronoun hen. Usage is common among certain speaker groups, but not universally acknowledged in the standard language.[8] Previously it has also been used in some dialects.

DeclensionEdit
Swedish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
singular first — jag mig, mej3 min mitt mina
second — du dig, dej3 din ditt dina
third masculine (person) han honom, han2, en5 hans
feminine (person) hon henne, na5 hennes
gender-neutral (person)1 hen henom, hen2 hens
common (noun) den den dess
neuter (noun) det det dess
indefinite man or en4 en ens
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
plural first — vi oss vår, våran2 vårt, vårat2 våra
second — ni er er, eran2, ers6 ert, erat2 era
archaic I eder eder, eders6 edert edra
third — de, dom3 dem, dom3 deras
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
1Not universally accepted neologism.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as a gender-neutral alternative to man.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address

Pronunciation 2Edit

NumeralEdit

Swedish cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : en
    Ordinal : första

en (neuter ett)

  1. one
Coordinate termsEdit
Cardinal numbers from 0 to 99
—0 —1 —2 —3 —4 —5 —6 —7 —8 —9
0— noll en/ett två tre fyra fem sex sju åtta nio
1— tio elva tolv tretton fjorton femton sexton sjutton arton/aderton nitton
2— tjugo tjugoen/-ett tjugotvå tjugotre tjugofyra tjugofem tjugosex tjugosju tjugoåtta tjugonio
3— trettio trettioen/-ett trettiotvå trettiotre trettiofyra trettiofem trettiosex trettiosju trettioåtta trettionio
4— fyrtio fyrtioen/-ett fyrtiotvå fyrtiotre fyrtiofyra fyrtiofem fyrtiosex fyrtiosju fyrtioåtta fyrtionio
5— femtio femtioen/-ett femtiotvå femtiotre femtiofyra femtiofem femtiosex femtiosju femtioåtta femtionio
6— sextio sextioen/-ett sextiotvå sextiotre sextiofyra sextiofem sextiosex sextiosju sextioåtta sextionio
7— sjuttio sjuttioen/-ett sjuttiotvå sjuttiotre sjuttiofyra sjuttiofem sjuttiosex sjuttiosju sjuttioåtta sjuttionio
8— åttio åttioen/-ett åttiotvå åttiotre åttiofyra åttiofem åttiosex åttiosju åttioåtta åttionio
9— nittio nittioen/-ett nittiotvå nittiotre nittiofyra nittiofem nittiosex nittiosju nittioåtta nittionio
Cardinal numbers from 100 onward

…

…

…

Related termsEdit

ArticleEdit

en c (neuter ett)

  1. the indefinite article: a, an.
DeclensionEdit
  • en and ett are invariable in the singular, as nominative en konung (a king) and genitive en konungs (a king's).
  • The genitive enes and the dative enom are dated.

Etymology 2Edit

From earlier ene (sometimes also ener), from Old Norse einir.

Pronunciation 3Edit

NounEdit

en c

  1. juniper
DeclensionEdit
Declension of en 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative en enen enar enarna
Genitive ens enens enars enarnas
Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

TurkishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Ottoman Turkish ان‎ (en), from Old Turkic 𐰭‎ (eŋ), Proto-Turkic *ēn (“breadth, width”).

NounEdit

en (definite accusative eni, plural enler)

  1. width
  2. a cachet on an animal or bonded goods
DeclensionEdit
Inflection
Nominative en
Definite accusative eni
Singular Plural
Nominative en enler
Definite accusative eni enleri
Dative ene enlere
Locative ende enlerde
Ablative enden enlerden
Genitive enin enlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular enim enlerim
2nd singular enin enlerin
3rd singular eni enleri
1st plural enimiz enlerimiz
2nd plural eniniz enleriniz
3rd plural enleri enleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular enimi enlerimi
2nd singular enini enlerini
3rd singular enini enlerini
1st plural enimizi enlerimizi
2nd plural eninizi enlerinizi
3rd plural enlerini enlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular enime enlerime
2nd singular enine enlerine
3rd singular enine enlerine
1st plural enimize enlerimize
2nd plural eninize enlerinize
3rd plural enlerine enlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular enimde enlerimde
2nd singular eninde enlerinde
3rd singular eninde enlerinde
1st plural enimizde enlerimizde
2nd plural eninizde enlerinizde
3rd plural enlerinde enlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular enimden enlerimden
2nd singular eninden enlerinden
3rd singular eninden enlerinden
1st plural enimizden enlerimizden
2nd plural eninizden enlerinizden
3rd plural enlerinden enlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular enimin enlerimin
2nd singular eninin enlerinin
3rd singular eninin enlerinin
1st plural enimizin enlerimizin
2nd plural eninizin enlerinizin
3rd plural enlerinin enlerinin

ReferencesEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Ottoman Turkish اڭ‎ (eŋ), from Old Turkic 𐰭‎ (ŋ /eŋ/), from Proto-Turkic [Term?]. Cognate with Azerbaijani ən, Kyrgyz эң (eñ), Tuvan эң (eñ), Uzbek eng.

AdverbEdit

en

  1. Forms the superlative of the following adjective.
    büyük, en büyük
    big, (the) biggest

VepsEdit

VerbEdit

en

  1. first-person singular present of ei

WelshEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

en f (plural eniau)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
en unchanged unchanged hen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See alsoEdit

West FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Frisian and, ende, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

en

  1. and

Further readingEdit

  • “en”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

ZouEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔen, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ken. Cognates include Chinese 見 (jiàn) and Tibetan མཁྱེན་པ (mkhyen pa).

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

én

  1. (intransitive) to look

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔan (“vegetables”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *h(y)an.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

én

  1. food
  2. meal

ReferencesEdit

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41
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