tân khổ

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 辛苦. Compare cay đắng.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tən˧˧ xo˧˩]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [təŋ˧˧ kʰow˧˨] ~ [təŋ˧˧ xow˧˨]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [təŋ˧˧ kʰow˨˩˦] ~ [təŋ˧˧ xow˨˩˦]

Adjective

tân khổ

1. (literary, dated) distressing; laborious; difficult