taflu
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Cognate with Cornish tewlel and Breton teurel, with further origin unclear. GPC's tentative connection to Ancient Greek πτόλῐς (ptólis, “city”) is semantically unconvincing.
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtavlɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtavli/
- Rhymes: -avlɨ̞
Verb edit
taflu (first-person singular present taflaf)
- to throw
- Tafla'r bêl!
- Throw the ball!
- to throw away, to throw out
- Paid â thaflu'r hen ddillad yna. Rho nhw i siop elusen.
- Don't throw away those old clothes. Give them to a charity shop.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation (literary)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | taflaf | tefli | teifl | taflwn | teflwch, taflwch | taflant | teflir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
taflwn | taflit | taflai | taflem | taflech | taflent | teflid | |
preterite | teflais | teflaist | taflodd | taflasom | taflasoch | taflasant | taflwyd | |
pluperfect | taflaswn | taflasit | taflasai | taflasem | taflasech | taflasent | taflasid, taflesid | |
present subjunctive | taflwyf | teflych | taflo | taflom | tafloch | taflont | tafler | |
imperative | — | tafla | tafled | taflwn | teflwch, taflwch | taflent | tafler | |
verbal noun | taflu | |||||||
verbal adjectives | tafledig tafladwy |
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | tafla i, taflaf i | tafli di | taflith o/e/hi, tafliff e/hi | taflwn ni | taflwch chi | taflan nhw |
conditional | taflwn i, taflswn i | taflet ti, taflset ti | taflai fo/fe/hi, taflsai fo/fe/hi | taflen ni, taflsen ni | taflech chi, taflsech chi | taflen nhw, taflsen nhw |
preterite | taflais i, tafles i | taflaist ti, taflest ti | taflodd o/e/hi | taflon ni | tafloch chi | taflon nhw |
imperative | — | tafla | — | — | taflwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Derived terms edit
- taflu rhywun oddi ar ei echel (“to throw off, to put off, to disconcert”, literally “to throw someone off their axle”)
- taflu i fyny (“to throw up, to vomit”)
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
taflu | daflu | nhaflu | thaflu |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “taflu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies