thủ phạm

Vietnamese edit

Etymology edit

Sino-Vietnamese word from 首犯.

Pronunciation edit

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tʰu˧˩ faːm˧˨ʔ]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [tʰʊw˧˨ faːm˨˩ʔ]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [tʰʊw˨˩˦ faːm˨˩˨]

Noun edit

thủ phạm

a culprit

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