turbulentus

Latin

Etymology

From turba (“stir, tumult”) +‎ -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /tur.buˈlen.tus/, [t̪ʊrbʊˈɫ̪ɛn̪t̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /tur.buˈlen.tus/, [t̪urbuˈlɛn̪t̪us]

Adjective

turbulentus (feminine turbulenta, neuter turbulentum, superlative turbulentissimus); first/second-declension adjective

1. stormy, turbulent

   Synonyms: sēditiōsus, tumultuōsus

   Antonyms: obsequēns, obsequiōsus, oboediēns, facilis

2. unruly, riotous

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	turbulentus	turbulenta	turbulentum		turbulentī	turbulentae	turbulenta
Genitive	turbulentī	turbulentae	turbulentī		turbulentōrum	turbulentārum	turbulentōrum
Dative	turbulentō		turbulentō		turbulentīs
Accusative	turbulentum	turbulentam	turbulentum		turbulentōs	turbulentās	turbulenta
Ablative	turbulentō	turbulentā	turbulentō		turbulentīs
Vocative	turbulente	turbulenta	turbulentum		turbulentī	turbulentae	turbulenta

Descendants

• English: turbulent
• French: turbulent
• Galician: turbulento
• Italian: turbolento, turbulento
• German: turbulent
• Norwegian: turbulent
• Romanian: turbulent
• Portuguese: turbulento
• Spanish: turbulento

References

• “turbulentus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “turbulentus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• turbulentus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a demagogue, agitator: plebis dux, vulgi turbator, civis turbulentus, civis rerum novarum cupidus
    
  • revolutionists: homines seditiosi, turbulenti or novarum rerum cupidi