διαρρέω
Ancient Greek edit
Alternative forms edit
- διαρέω (diaréō)
Etymology edit
From δῐᾰ- (dia-, “through”) + ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow”).
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /di.ar̥.r̥é.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /di.arˈre.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ði.arˈre.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ði.arˈre.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ði.aˈre.o/
Verb edit
δῐᾰρρέω • (diarrhéō)
- to flow (through), to run (of liquids)
- to slip through
- to leak
- (figuratively) to fade away, wane, go to waste
Inflection edit
This verb does not contract ε with η, ο, or ω.
Present: δῐαρρέω, δῐαρρέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐέρρεον | δῐέρρεις | δῐέρρει | δῐερρεῖτον | δῐερρείτην | δῐερρέομεν | δῐερρεῖτε | δῐέρρεον | ||||
middle | indicative | δῐερρεόμην | δῐερρέου | δῐερρεῖτο | δῐερρεῖσθον | δῐερρείσθην | δῐερρεόμεθᾰ | δῐερρεῖσθε | δῐερρέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: δῐέρρεον, δῐερρεόμην (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐέρρεον | δῐέρρεες | δῐέρρεε(ν) | δῐερρέετον | δῐερρεέτην | δῐερρέομεν | δῐερρέετε | δῐέρρεον | ||||
middle | indicative | δῐερρεόμην | δῐερρέου | δῐερρέετο | δῐερρέεσθον | δῐερρεέσθην | δῐερρεόμεθᾰ | δῐερρέεσθε | δῐερρέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐάρρειον | δῐάρρειες | δῐάρρειε(ν) | δῐαρρείετον | δῐαρρειέτην | δῐαρρείομεν | δῐαρρείετε | δῐάρρειον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | δῐαρρειόμην | δῐαρρείου | δῐαρρείετο | δῐαρρείεσθον | δῐαρρειέσθην | δῐαρρειόμε(σ)θᾰ | δῐαρρείεσθε | δῐαρρείοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐαρρεύσω | δῐαρρεύσεις | δῐαρρεύσει | δῐαρρεύσετον | δῐαρρεύσετον | δῐαρρεύσομεν | δῐαρρεύσετε | δῐαρρεύσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐαρρεύσοιμῐ | δῐαρρεύσοις | δῐαρρεύσοι | δῐαρρεύσοιτον | δῐαρρευσοίτην | δῐαρρεύσοιμεν | δῐαρρεύσοιτε | δῐαρρεύσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐαρρεύσομαι | δῐαρρεύσεαι | δῐαρρεύσεται | δῐαρρεύσεσθον | δῐαρρεύσεσθον | δῐαρρευσόμεθᾰ | δῐαρρεύσεσθε | δῐαρρεύσονται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσοίμην | δῐαρρεύσοιο | δῐαρρεύσοιτο | δῐαρρεύσοισθον | δῐαρρευσοίσθην | δῐαρρευσοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρεύσοισθε | δῐαρρεύσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρεύσειν | δῐαρρεύσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρεύσων | δῐαρρευσόμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐαρρεύσουσᾰ | δῐαρρευσομένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐαρρεῦσον | δῐαρρευσόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: δῐαρρῠήσομαι (Attic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | δῐαρρῠήσομαι | δῐαρρῠήσῃ | δῐαρρῠήσεται | δῐαρρῠήσεσθον | δῐαρρῠήσεσθον | δῐαρρῠησόμεθᾰ | δῐαρρῠήσεσθε | δῐαρρῠήσονται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρῠησοίμην | δῐαρρῠήσοιο | δῐαρρῠήσοιτο | δῐαρρῠήσοισθον | δῐαρρῠησοίσθην | δῐαρρῠησοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρῠήσοισθε | δῐαρρῠήσοιντο | |||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρῠήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρῠησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | δῐαρρῠησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | δῐαρρῠησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: δῐαρρευσέω, δῐαρρευσέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐαρρευσέω | δῐαρρευσέεις | δῐαρρευσέει | δῐαρρευσέετον | δῐαρρευσέετον | δῐαρρευσέομεν | δῐαρρευσέετε | δῐαρρευσέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσέοιμῐ | δῐαρρευσέοις | δῐαρρευσέοι | δῐαρρευσέοιτον | δῐαρρευσεοίτην | δῐαρρευσέοιμεν | δῐαρρευσέοιτε | δῐαρρευσέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐαρρευσέομαι | δῐαρρευσέῃ, δῐαρρευσέει |
δῐαρρευσέεται | δῐαρρευσέεσθον | δῐαρρευσέεσθον | δῐαρρευσεόμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσέεσθε | δῐαρρευσέονται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσεοίμην | δῐαρρευσέοιο | δῐαρρευσέοιτο | δῐαρρευσέοισθον | δῐαρρευσεοίσθην | δῐαρρευσεοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσέοισθε | δῐαρρευσέοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρευσέειν | δῐαρρευσέεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρευσέων | δῐαρρευσεόμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐαρρευσέουσᾰ | δῐαρρευσεομένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐαρρευσέον | δῐαρρευσεόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐαρρευσῶ | δῐαρρευσεῖς | δῐαρρευσεῖ | δῐαρρευσεῖτον | δῐαρρευσεῖτον | δῐαρρευσοῦμεν | δῐαρρευσεῖτε | δῐαρρευσοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσοίην, δῐαρρευσοῖμῐ |
δῐαρρευσοίης, δῐαρρευσοῖς |
δῐαρρευσοίη, δῐαρρευσοῖ |
δῐαρρευσοῖτον, δῐαρρευσοίητον |
δῐαρρευσοίτην, δῐαρρευσοιήτην |
δῐαρρευσοῖμεν, δῐαρρευσοίημεν |
δῐαρρευσοῖτε, δῐαρρευσοίητε |
δῐαρρευσοῖεν, δῐαρρευσοίησᾰν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐαρρευσοῦμαι | δῐαρρευσῇ | δῐαρρευσεῖται | δῐαρρευσεῖσθον | δῐαρρευσεῖσθον | δῐαρρευσούμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσεῖσθε | δῐαρρευσοῦνται | ||||
optative | δῐαρρευσοίμην | δῐαρρευσοῖο | δῐαρρευσοῖτο | δῐαρρευσοῖσθον | δῐαρρευσοίσθην | δῐαρρευσοίμεθᾰ | δῐαρρευσοῖσθε | δῐαρρευσοῖντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρευσεῖν | δῐαρρευσεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρευσῶν | δῐαρρευσούμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐαρρευσοῦσᾰ | δῐαρρευσουμένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐαρρευσοῦν | δῐαρρευσούμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: δῐέρρευσᾰ, δῐερρευσᾰ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | δῐερρῠ́ην | δῐερρῠ́ης | δῐερρῠ́η | δῐερρῠ́ητον | δῐερρῠήτην | δῐερρῠ́ημεν | δῐερρῠ́ητε | δῐερρῠ́ησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | δῐαρρῠῶ | δῐαρρῠῇς | δῐαρρῠῇ | δῐαρρῠῆτον | δῐαρρῠῆτον | δῐαρρῠῶμεν | δῐαρρῠῆτε | δῐαρρῠῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐαρρῠείην | δῐαρρῠείης | δῐαρρῠείη | δῐαρρῠεῖτον, δῐαρρῠείητον |
δῐαρρῠείτην, δῐαρρῠειήτην |
δῐαρρῠεῖμεν, δῐαρρῠείημεν |
δῐαρρῠεῖτε, δῐαρρῠείητε |
δῐαρρῠεῖεν, δῐαρρῠείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | δῐαρρῠ́ηθῐ | δῐαρρῠήτω | δῐαρρῠ́ητον | δῐαρρῠήτων | δῐαρρῠ́ητε | δῐαρρῠέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐαρρῠῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | δῐαρρῠείς | |||||||||||
f | δῐαρρῠεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | δῐαρρῠέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms edit
- ἀδῐᾰ́ρρευστος (adiárrheustos, “non-deliquescent”) (medicine)
- ἀδῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ f (adiárrhoia, “constipation”)
- δῐᾰρροή f (diarrhoḗ, “channel, pipe; flowing through”)
- δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ f (diárrhoia, “flowing through, diarrhoea”)
- δῐᾰρροϊκός (diarrhoïkós, “suffering from diarrhoea”)
- δῐᾰ́ρρους m (diárrhous, “passage, channel”)
- δῐᾰ́ρρῠσις f (diárrhusis, “διάρρους passage, channel”)
- δῐᾰ́ρρῠτος (diárrhutos, “intersected by streams”)
- ἐπῐδῐᾰρρέω (epidiarrhéō, “flow through or melt away besides”)
- λογοδῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ f (logodiárrhoia, “flux of words”)
- σῠνδῐᾰρρέω (sundiarrhéō, “flow through along with”)
- and see ῥέω (rhéō, “flow”)
Descendants edit
- Greek: διαρρέω (diarréo)
Further reading edit
- “διαρρέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- διαρρέω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- crumble idem, page 187.
- decay idem, page 199.
- decline idem, page 201.
- disappear idem, page 227.
- drain idem, page 250.
- droop idem, page 254.
- drop idem, page 254.
- dwindle idem, page 257.
- ebb idem, page 260.
- evaporate idem, page 284.
- fade idem, page 301.
- fall idem, page 303.
- flow idem, page 329.
- melt idem, page 524.
- pass idem, page 595.
- perish idem, page 607.
- piece idem, page 611.
- pine idem, page 613.
- sink idem, page 779.
- unremembered idem, page 929.
- vanish idem, page 943.
- wane idem, page 961.
- waste away idem, page 965.
- wear arms idem, page 970.
- wither idem, page 984.
- διαρρέω - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.
Greek edit
Etymology edit
Ancient Greek δῐᾰρρέω. For sense information leaks, semantic loan from English leak. For sense people move out, semantic loan from French écouler.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (formal) /ði.aˈre.o/, (less formal) /ði̯aˈre.o/, (colloquial) /ðʝaˈre.o/
- Hyphenation: δι‧αρ‧ρέ‧ω
Verb edit
διαρρέω • (diarréo) (past διέρρευσα, passive διαρρέομαι)
- (of rivers) to flow through [+accusative]
- Ο Νείλος διαρρέει πολλές χώρες.
- O Neílos diarréei pollés chóres.
- The Nile flows through many countries.
- to leak (liquid or gas through a hole)
- (figuratively, of time) to pass
- Διέρρευσε πολύς χρόνος μετά τη λήξη της προθεσμίας.
- Diérrefse polýs chrónos metá ti líxi tis prothesmías.
- A long time passed by after the deadline.
- (figuratively, of time) to pass
- (figuratively) to leak (secrets, confidential information)
- Διέρρευσαν μυστικά έγγραφα.
- Diérrefsan mystiká éngrafa.
- Classified documents are leaked.
- (colloquially transitive, neologism) to leak on purpose [2]
- Πηγές του κόμματος διαρρέουν ότι ο υπουργός θα παραιτηθεί σύντομα.
- Pigés tou kómmatos diarréoun óti o ypourgós tha paraititheí sýntoma.
- Party sources are leaking that the minister will soon resign.
- Synonym: διοχετεύω (diochetévo)
- (impersonal) to be leaked, to be let known
- (rare, of people) to disperse, diminish in numbers
- Οι οπαδοί διαρρέουν προς άλλα κόμματα.
- Oi opadoí diarréoun pros álla kómmata.
- Party followers are moving to other parties.
- Synonym: απομακρύνομαι (apomakrýnomai)
- to drain (container; area of land)
Conjugation edit
διαρρέω διαρρέομαι (passive only in the present stem)
Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
1 sg | διαρρέω | διαρρεύσω | διαρρέομαι | — |
2 sg | διαρρέεις | διαρρεύσεις | διαρρέεσαι | — |
3 sg | διαρρέει | διαρρεύσει | διαρρέεται1 | — |
1 pl | διαρρέουμε, [‑ομε] | διαρρεύσουμε, [‑ομε] | διαρρεόμαστε | — |
2 pl | διαρρέετε | διαρρεύσετε | διαρρέεστε, διαρρεόσαστε | — |
3 pl | διαρρέουν[ε] | διαρρεύσσυν[ε] | διαρρέονται | — |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
1 sg | διέρρεα | διέρρευσα | διαρρεόμουν(α) | — |
2 sg | διέρρεες | διέρρευσες | διαρρεόσουν(α) | — |
3 sg | διέρρεε | διέρρευσε | διαρρεόταν(ε) | — |
1 pl | διαρρέαμε | διαρρεύσαμε | διαρρεόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | — |
2 pl | διαρρέατε | διαρρεύσατε | διαρρεόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | — |
3 pl | διέρρεαν, [διαρρέαν(ε)] | διέρρευσαν, [διαρρεύσαν(ε)] | διαρρέονταν, [διαρρεόντουσαν] | — |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
1 sg | θα διαρρέω ➤ | θα διαρρεύσω ➤ | θα διαρρέομαι ➤ | — ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα διαρρέεις, … | θα διαρρεύσεις, … | θα διαρρέεσαι, … | — |
Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | [διάρρεε] | διάρρευσε | — | διαρρεύσου |
2 pl | διαρρέετε | διαρρεύστε | διαρρέεστε | — |
Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
Present participle➤ | διαρρέοντας ➤ | — | ||
Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας διαρρεύσει ➤ | — | ||
Nonfinite form➤ | διαρρεύσει | — | ||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Also as impersonal verb. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms edit
- διάρρευση f (diárrefsi, “a leak”) (of classified information)
- διαρροή f (diarroḯ, “leak, loss”)
- διάρροια f (diárroia, “diarrhoea”)
- διαρροϊκός (diarroïkós, “suffering from diarrhoea”)
- λογοδιάρροια f (logodiárroia, “flux of words, garrulousness”)
References edit
- ^ διαρρέω - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
- ^ διαρρέω - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.