мука
Macedonian edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
мука • (muka) third-singular present, impf
- (intransitive) to moo, bellow
Conjugation edit
l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | мукал | — | adjectival participle | — | ||
feminine | мукала | — | adverbial participle | мукајќи | ||
neuter | мукало | — | verbal noun | мукање | ||
plural | мукале | — | perfect participle | мукано | ||
present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
1st singular | мукам | мукав | — | — | ||
2nd singular | мукаш | мукаше | — | мукај | ||
3rd singular | мука | мукаше | — | — | ||
1st plural | мукаме | мукавме | — | — | ||
2nd plural | мукате | мукавте | — | мукајте | ||
3rd plural | мукаат | мукаа | — | — | ||
Compound tenses | ||||||
perfect | сум мукал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-perfect | имам мукано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
pluperfect | бев мукал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-pluperfect | имав мукано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
има-perfect reported | сум имал мукано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
future | ќе мукам | ќе + present | ||||
има-future | ќе имам мукано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
future in the past | ќе мукав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
има-future in the past | ќе имав мукано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
future reported | ќе сум мукал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-future reported | ќе сум имал мукано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
conditional | би мукал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-conditional | би имал мукано | conditional of има + perfect participle |
Russian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǭka (“flour”). Akin to regional Serbo-Croatian мука/muka (“meal”), Slovene moka, Slovak múka. Non-Slavic cognates include Ancient Greek μάσσω (mássō, “to knead”), German and Old High German mengen (“to mix”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
мука́ • (muká) f inan (genitive муки́, uncountable, relational adjective мучно́й) (mass noun, no plural)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
- мукомо́л (mukomól)
- мучни́стый (mučnístyj)
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“torment, torture”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
му́ка • (múka) f inan (genitive му́ки, nominative plural му́ки, genitive plural мук)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“torture, torment”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
му̏ка f (Latin spelling mȕka)
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǭka (“flour”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
му́ка f (Latin spelling múka)
Declension edit
Ukrainian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“torture, torment”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
му́ка • (múka) f inan (genitive му́ки, nominative plural му́ки, genitive plural мук)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- му́ченик m (múčenyk), му́чениця f (múčenycja)
- му́чеництво n (múčenyctvo)
- му́ченицький (múčenycʹkyj)
Related terms edit
- заму́чувати impf (zamúčuvaty), заму́чити pf (zamúčyty)
- му́чення n (múčennja)
- му́читися impf (múčytysja)
- мучи́тель m (mučýtelʹ), мучи́телька f (mučýtelʹka)
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Slavic *mǭka (“flour”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
мука́ • (muká) f inan (genitive муки́, uncountable)
- (colloquial) flour
- Synonym: бо́рошно n (bórošno)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “мука”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “мука”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “мука”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “мука”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)