Wiktionary

ял

Bashkir edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [jɑɫ]
  • Hyphenation: ял (one syllable)

Etymology 1 edit

Cognate with Tatar ял (yal, “rest”), Kumyk ял (yal, “rest”).

Noun edit

ял • (yal)

  1. rest
    Ял көнө.
    Yal könö.
    A day off.
  2. respite, break
    Төшкө ял.
    Töşkö yal.
    Lunch break.
  3. recreation
    Беренсенән, Өфө алыҫ түгел, икенсенән, һеҙҙә тәбиғәт матур, ул ял индустрияһын үҫтереү өсөн мөмкинлек бирә.
    Berensenən, Öfö alıś tügel, ikensenən, heźźə təbiğət matur, ul yal industriyahın üśterew ösön mömkinlek birə.
    Firstly, Ufa is not far, secondly, the nature is beautiful at your place, it creates an opportunity to develop the recreation industry.

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Turkic *yāl (“mane”).

Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (jal, “mane”); Kazakh, Kyrgyz жал (jal), Uzbek yol, Uyghur يال (yal), Turkmen ýal, Azerbaijani yal (“mane”), etc.

Noun edit

ял • (yal)

  1. mane
Declension edit
Inflection of ял (yal)
singular only
absolute ял (yal)
definite genitive ялдың (yaldıñ)
dative ялға (yalğa)
definite accusative ялды (yaldı)
locative ялда (yalda)
ablative ялдан (yaldan)

Bulgarian edit

Pronunciation edit

Participle edit

ял • (jal)

  1. indefinite masculine singular past active aorist participle of ям (jam)

Chuvash edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *āgïl.[1][2] Cognate with Kazakh ауыл (auyl), Karakalpak аўыл (awıl), Karachay-Balkar ауул (awul), Tatar авыл (awıl), Kyrgyz айыл (ayıl), Khakas, Shor аал (aal) and Turkish ağıl, etc.

Noun edit

ял • (jal)

  1. village
Descendants edit
  • → Eastern Mari: ял (jal)

Etymology 2 edit

From Volga Bulgar يال (yēl),[3] Proto-Turkic *ēl.

Noun edit

ял • (jal)

  1. people
  2. society

References edit

  1. ^ Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 84
  2. ^ Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 22
  3. ^ Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language]‎[1] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, pages 190-191
  • Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “ял”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), volume II, Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, pages 497-498
  • Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “ял”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 352

Further reading edit

  • “ял”, in Электронлă сăмахсар‎[2] (overall work in Russian and Chuvash), 1996.

Eastern Mari edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Chuvash ял (jal).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ял • (jal)

  1. village
    марий ял
    marij jal
    Mari village
  2. countryside, country
  3. villagers

Declension edit

Declension of ял
singular plural
nominative ял (jal) ял-влак (jal-vlak)
accusative ялым (jalym) ял-влакым (jal-vlakym)
genitive ялын (jalyn) ял-влакын (jal-vlakyn)
dative яллан (jallan) ял-влаклан (jal-vlaklan)
comitative ялге (jalge) ял-влакге (jal-vlakge)
comparative ялла (jalla) ял-влакла (jal-vlakla)
inessive ялыште (jalyšte) ял-влакыште (jal-vlakyšte)
illative (short) ялыш (jalyš) ял-влакыш (jal-vlakyš)
illative (long) ялышке (jalyške) ял-влакышке (jal-vlakyške)
lative ялеш (jaĺeš) ял-влакеш (jal-vlakeš)
Possessed forms of ял
singular plural
1st person ялем (jaĺem) ялна (jalna)
2nd person ялет (jaĺet) ялда (jalda)
3rd person ялже (jalže) ялышт (jalyšt)

References edit

  • V. M. Vasiljev, Z. V. Uchaev (2003) “ял”, in Марийско-Русский словарь, Yoshkar-Ola, →ISBN
  • J. Bradley et al. (2023) “ял”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
  1. village

Mongolian edit

MongolianCyrillic
ᠶᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ
(yal-a)		ял
(jal)

Etymology edit

From Common Turkic *yala (“suspicion, slander”), compare Kazakh жала (jala).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ял • (jal); (regular declension)

  1. sentence (punishment imposed for a crime)
    Synonym: шийтгэл (šiitgel)

Derived terms edit

Russian edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

ял • (jal)

  1. masculine singular past indicative perfective of ять (jatʹ)

Western Mari edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Mari *jål, from Proto-Uralic *jalka. Cognates include Eastern Mari йол (jol).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ял • (jal)

  1. (anatomy) foot
  2. (anatomy) leg

References edit

  • Savatkova, A. A. (2008) “ял”, in Slovarʹ gornomarijskovo jazyka [Hill Mari language dictionary] (in Russian), Yoshkar-Ola: Mari publisher, →ISBN
  • K. I. Belyaev & P. P. Romashkin (1944) “нога”, in Русско-Марийский Словарь [Russian-Mari Dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Kozmodemyansk: Маргосиздатын Кырык-Мары Филиал, page 192
  • K. G. Yuadarov (1979) “нога”, in Русско-марийский словарь: для учащихся горномарийских средних школ [Russian-Mari Dictionary: for students of Hill-Mari secondary schools] (overall work in Russian), Yoshkar-Ola: Марийское Книжное Издательство, →OCLC, page 61
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ял&oldid=78888814"