صنوبر

Arabic

صَنَوْبَر

Etymology

From the root ص ن ب ر (ṣ-n-b-r) meaning “bitter cold”, “weather requiring hardiness to endure”, a variant of ص ب ر (ṣ-b-r) “enduring”, “patient”, “persevering”; so named for the tree being a winter-enduring evergreen tree.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.naw.bar/
  • (Hijazi) IPA^(key): /sˤu.noː.bar/
  • (Palestinian) IPA^(key): /snoː.bar/

Noun

صَنَوْبَر • (ṣanawbar) m (collective, singulative صَنَوْبَرَة f (ṣanawbara))

1. pine, pine tree
2. pine nut

Declension

Declension of noun صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَر ṣanawbar	الصَّنَوْبَر aṣ-ṣanawbar	صَنَوْبَر ṣanawbar
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرٌ ṣanawbarun	الصَّنَوْبَرُ aṣ-ṣanawbaru	صَنَوْبَرُ ṣanawbaru
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرًا ṣanawbaran	الصَّنَوْبَرَ aṣ-ṣanawbara	صَنَوْبَرَ ṣanawbara
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرٍ ṣanawbarin	الصَّنَوْبَرِ aṣ-ṣanawbari	صَنَوْبَرِ ṣanawbari
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَرَة ṣanawbara	الصَّنَوْبَرَة aṣ-ṣanawbara	صَنَوْبَرَة ṣanawbarat
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرَةٌ ṣanawbaratun	الصَّنَوْبَرَةُ aṣ-ṣanawbaratu	صَنَوْبَرَةُ ṣanawbaratu
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرَةً ṣanawbaratan	الصَّنَوْبَرَةَ aṣ-ṣanawbarata	صَنَوْبَرَةَ ṣanawbarata
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرَةٍ ṣanawbaratin	الصَّنَوْبَرَةِ aṣ-ṣanawbarati	صَنَوْبَرَةِ ṣanawbarati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْن ṣanawbaratayn	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْن aṣ-ṣanawbaratayn	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرَتَانِ ṣanawbaratāni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَانِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratāni	صَنَوْبَرَتَا ṣanawbaratā
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ ṣanawbaratayni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratayni	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ ṣanawbaratayni	الصَّنَوْبَرَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣanawbaratayni	صَنَوْبَرَتَيْ ṣanawbaratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَنَوْبَرَات ṣanawbarāt	الصَّنَوْبَرَات aṣ-ṣanawbarāt	صَنَوْبَرَات ṣanawbarāt
Nominative	صَنَوْبَرَاتٌ ṣanawbarātun	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتُ aṣ-ṣanawbarātu	صَنَوْبَرَاتُ ṣanawbarātu
Accusative	صَنَوْبَرَاتٍ ṣanawbarātin	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتِ aṣ-ṣanawbarāti	صَنَوْبَرَاتِ ṣanawbarāti
Genitive	صَنَوْبَرَاتٍ ṣanawbarātin	الصَّنَوْبَرَاتِ aṣ-ṣanawbarāti	صَنَوْبَرَاتِ ṣanawbarāti

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: սոնոպար (sonopar)
• → Old Georgian: სანობარი (sanobari)
• → Persian: صنوبر (senowbar)
  • → Hindi: सनोवर (sanovar), सनोबर (sanobar)
• → Hebrew: צנובר

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “صنوبر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 616
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “صنبر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1730-1731
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 40–47

Hijazi Arabic

صُنوبَر

Etymology

From Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤu.ˈnoː.bar/, [sˤʊ.ˈno̞ː.bar]

Noun

صُنوبَر • (ṣunōbar) m (collective, singulative صُنُوبَرَة f (ṣunōbara))

1. pine, pine tree
2. pine nut

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar, “pine”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.naw.ˈbaɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [se.now.bǽɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.näw.bǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	sanawbar
Dari reading?	sanawbar
Iranian reading?	senowbar
Tajik reading?	sanavbar

Noun

صنوبر • (senowbar)

1. poplar
2. (archaic) pine

   Synonym: کاج (kâj)

3. (poetic, figurative, mainly in compounds) the slender and graceful beloved

   Synonym: سرو (sarv, literally “cypress”)

   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 11”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[3]:

     چندان بود کرشمه و نازِ سهی‌قدان
     کآید به جلوه سرو صنوبرخرام ما

     čandân buwad kirišma wu nâz-i sahî-qaddân
     k-âyad ba jalwa sarw-i sanawbar-xarâm-i mâ

     The coyness and coquetry of those straight-standing ones last only so long
     Until my cypress comes in splendor with pine-like stride.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

• → Hindi: सनोवर (sanovar), सनोबर (sanobar)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “صنوبر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

South Levantine Arabic

صنوبر

Etymology

From Arabic صَنَوْبَر (ṣanawbar).

Noun

صنوبر • (ṣnōbar) m (collective)

1. (collective) pine nuts
2. (collective) pines, pine trees

   شجرة صنوبر ― šajret ṣnōbar ― a pine tree