لحم
Algerian Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
لحم (lḥam) m
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ل ح م (l-ḥ-m) |
From Proto-Semitic *laḥm- (“food, eatables; meat, bread”), from Proto-Afroasiatic *laḥam- (“food”). Cognate with Aramaic לַחְמָא (laḥmā), Classical Syriac ܠܚܡܐ (laḥmā), Hebrew לֶחֶם (léḥem, “bread”), Ugaritic 𐎍𐎈𐎎 (lḥm /laḥmu/), Ge'ez ላህም (lahm), all meaning “food” or “bread”. The varying semantic developments are due to the differing agriculture and diets of the Arabian Peninsula and the Fertile Crescent.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
لَحْم • (laḥm) m (plural لُحُوم (luḥūm) or لِحَام (liḥām) or لِحْمَان (liḥmān) or لُحْمَان (luḥmān) or أَلْحُم (ʔalḥum))
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لَحْم laḥm |
اللَّحْم al-laḥm |
لَحْم laḥm |
Nominative | لَحْمٌ laḥmun |
اللَّحْمُ al-laḥmu |
لَحْمُ laḥmu |
Accusative | لَحْمًا laḥman |
اللَّحْمَ al-laḥma |
لَحْمَ laḥma |
Genitive | لَحْمٍ laḥmin |
اللَّحْمِ al-laḥmi |
لَحْمِ laḥmi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | لَحْمَيْن laḥmayn |
اللَّحْمَيْن al-laḥmayn |
لَحْمَيْ laḥmay |
Nominative | لَحْمَانِ laḥmāni |
اللَّحْمَانِ al-laḥmāni |
لَحْمَا laḥmā |
Accusative | لَحْمَيْنِ laḥmayni |
اللَّحْمَيْنِ al-laḥmayni |
لَحْمَيْ laḥmay |
Genitive | لَحْمَيْنِ laḥmayni |
اللَّحْمَيْنِ al-laḥmayni |
لَحْمَيْ laḥmay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لُحُوم; لِحَام; لِحْمَان; لُحْمَان; أَلْحُم luḥūm; liḥām; liḥmān; luḥmān; ʔalḥum |
اللُّحُوم; اللِّحَام; اللِّحْمَان; اللُّحْمَان; الْأَلْحُم al-luḥūm; al-liḥām; al-liḥmān; al-luḥmān; al-ʔalḥum |
لُحُوم; لِحَام; لِحْمَان; لُحْمَان; أَلْحُم luḥūm; liḥām; liḥmān; luḥmān; ʔalḥum |
Nominative | لُحُومٌ; لِحَامٌ; لِحْمَانٌ; لُحْمَانٌ; أَلْحُمٌ luḥūmun; liḥāmun; liḥmānun; luḥmānun; ʔalḥumun |
اللُّحُومُ; اللِّحَامُ; اللِّحْمَانُ; اللُّحْمَانُ; الْأَلْحُمُ al-luḥūmu; al-liḥāmu; al-liḥmānu; al-luḥmānu; al-ʔalḥumu |
لُحُومُ; لِحَامُ; لِحْمَانُ; لُحْمَانُ; أَلْحُمُ luḥūmu; liḥāmu; liḥmānu; luḥmānu; ʔalḥumu |
Accusative | لُحُومًا; لِحَامًا; لِحْمَانًا; لُحْمَانًا; أَلْحُمًا luḥūman; liḥāman; liḥmānan; luḥmānan; ʔalḥuman |
اللُّحُومَ; اللِّحَامَ; اللِّحْمَانَ; اللُّحْمَانَ; الْأَلْحُمَ al-luḥūma; al-liḥāma; al-liḥmāna; al-luḥmāna; al-ʔalḥuma |
لُحُومَ; لِحَامَ; لِحْمَانَ; لُحْمَانَ; أَلْحُمَ luḥūma; liḥāma; liḥmāna; luḥmāna; ʔalḥuma |
Genitive | لُحُومٍ; لِحَامٍ; لِحْمَانٍ; لُحْمَانٍ; أَلْحُمٍ luḥūmin; liḥāmin; liḥmānin; luḥmānin; ʔalḥumin |
اللُّحُومِ; اللِّحَامِ; اللِّحْمَانِ; اللُّحْمَانِ; الْأَلْحُمِ al-luḥūmi; al-liḥāmi; al-liḥmāni; al-luḥmāni; al-ʔalḥumi |
لُحُومِ; لِحَامِ; لِحْمَانِ; لُحْمَانِ; أَلْحُمِ luḥūmi; liḥāmi; liḥmāni; luḥmāni; ʔalḥumi |
Related terms edit
- لَحْمَةٌ (laḥmatun, “a piece of flesh”)
- بَيْت لَحْم (bayt laḥm)
Etymology 2 edit
Root |
---|
ل ح م (l-ḥ-m) |
Verb edit
لَحَمَ • (laḥama) I, non-past يَلْحُمُ (yalḥumu)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
لَحْم laḥm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
lāḥim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
malḥūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | laḥamtu |
laḥamta |
لَحَمَ laḥama |
laḥamtumā |
laḥamā |
laḥamnā |
laḥamtum |
laḥamū | |||
f | laḥamti |
laḥamat |
laḥamatā |
laḥamtunna |
laḥamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔalḥumu |
talḥumu |
yalḥumu |
talḥumāni |
yalḥumāni |
nalḥumu |
talḥumūna |
yalḥumūna | |||
f | talḥumīna |
talḥumu |
talḥumāni |
talḥumna |
yalḥumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔalḥuma |
talḥuma |
yalḥuma |
talḥumā |
yalḥumā |
nalḥuma |
talḥumū |
yalḥumū | |||
f | talḥumī |
talḥuma |
talḥumā |
talḥumna |
yalḥumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔalḥum |
talḥum |
yalḥum |
talḥumā |
yalḥumā |
nalḥum |
talḥumū |
yalḥumū | |||
f | talḥumī |
talḥum |
talḥumā |
talḥumna |
yalḥumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ulḥum |
ulḥumā |
ulḥumū |
||||||||
f | ulḥumī |
ulḥumna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | luḥimtu |
luḥimta |
لُحِمَ luḥima |
luḥimtumā |
luḥimā |
luḥimnā |
luḥimtum |
luḥimū | |||
f | luḥimti |
luḥimat |
luḥimatā |
luḥimtunna |
luḥimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔulḥamu |
tulḥamu |
yulḥamu |
tulḥamāni |
yulḥamāni |
nulḥamu |
tulḥamūna |
yulḥamūna | |||
f | tulḥamīna |
tulḥamu |
tulḥamāni |
tulḥamna |
yulḥamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔulḥama |
tulḥama |
yulḥama |
tulḥamā |
yulḥamā |
nulḥama |
tulḥamū |
yulḥamū | |||
f | tulḥamī |
tulḥama |
tulḥamā |
tulḥamna |
yulḥamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔulḥam |
tulḥam |
yulḥam |
tulḥamā |
yulḥamā |
nulḥam |
tulḥamū |
yulḥamū | |||
f | tulḥamī |
tulḥam |
tulḥamā |
tulḥamna |
yulḥamna |
Verb edit
لَحِمَ • (laḥima) I, non-past يَلْحَمُ (yalḥamu)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
لَحَم laḥam | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
lāḥim | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | laḥimtu |
laḥimta |
لَحِمَ laḥima |
laḥimtumā |
laḥimā |
laḥimnā |
laḥimtum |
laḥimū | |||
f | laḥimti |
laḥimat |
laḥimatā |
laḥimtunna |
laḥimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔalḥamu |
talḥamu |
yalḥamu |
talḥamāni |
yalḥamāni |
nalḥamu |
talḥamūna |
yalḥamūna | |||
f | talḥamīna |
talḥamu |
talḥamāni |
talḥamna |
yalḥamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔalḥama |
talḥama |
yalḥama |
talḥamā |
yalḥamā |
nalḥama |
talḥamū |
yalḥamū | |||
f | talḥamī |
talḥama |
talḥamā |
talḥamna |
yalḥamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔalḥam |
talḥam |
yalḥam |
talḥamā |
yalḥamā |
nalḥam |
talḥamū |
yalḥamū | |||
f | talḥamī |
talḥam |
talḥamā |
talḥamna |
yalḥamna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ilḥam |
ilḥamā |
ilḥamū |
||||||||
f | ilḥamī |
ilḥamna |
Verb edit
لَحَّمَ • (laḥḥama) II, non-past يُلَحِّمُ (yulaḥḥimu)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
talḥīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mulaḥḥim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mulaḥḥam | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | laḥḥamtu |
laḥḥamta |
لَحَّمَ laḥḥama |
laḥḥamtumā |
laḥḥamā |
laḥḥamnā |
laḥḥamtum |
laḥḥamū | |||
f | laḥḥamti |
laḥḥamat |
laḥḥamatā |
laḥḥamtunna |
laḥḥamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔulaḥḥimu |
tulaḥḥimu |
yulaḥḥimu |
tulaḥḥimāni |
yulaḥḥimāni |
nulaḥḥimu |
tulaḥḥimūna |
yulaḥḥimūna | |||
f | tulaḥḥimīna |
tulaḥḥimu |
tulaḥḥimāni |
tulaḥḥimna |
yulaḥḥimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔulaḥḥima |
tulaḥḥima |
yulaḥḥima |
tulaḥḥimā |
yulaḥḥimā |
nulaḥḥima |
tulaḥḥimū |
yulaḥḥimū | |||
f | tulaḥḥimī |
tulaḥḥima |
tulaḥḥimā |
tulaḥḥimna |
yulaḥḥimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔulaḥḥim |
tulaḥḥim |
yulaḥḥim |
tulaḥḥimā |
yulaḥḥimā |
nulaḥḥim |
tulaḥḥimū |
yulaḥḥimū | |||
f | tulaḥḥimī |
tulaḥḥim |
tulaḥḥimā |
tulaḥḥimna |
yulaḥḥimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | لَحِّمْ laḥḥim |
laḥḥimā |
laḥḥimū |
||||||||
f | laḥḥimī |
laḥḥimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | luḥḥimtu |
luḥḥimta |
لُحِّمَ luḥḥima |
luḥḥimtumā |
luḥḥimā |
luḥḥimnā |
luḥḥimtum |
luḥḥimū | |||
f | luḥḥimti |
luḥḥimat |
luḥḥimatā |
luḥḥimtunna |
luḥḥimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔulaḥḥamu |
tulaḥḥamu |
yulaḥḥamu |
tulaḥḥamāni |
yulaḥḥamāni |
nulaḥḥamu |
tulaḥḥamūna |
yulaḥḥamūna | |||
f | tulaḥḥamīna |
tulaḥḥamu |
tulaḥḥamāni |
tulaḥḥamna |
yulaḥḥamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔulaḥḥama |
tulaḥḥama |
yulaḥḥama |
tulaḥḥamā |
yulaḥḥamā |
nulaḥḥama |
tulaḥḥamū |
yulaḥḥamū | |||
f | tulaḥḥamī |
tulaḥḥama |
tulaḥḥamā |
tulaḥḥamna |
yulaḥḥamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔulaḥḥam |
tulaḥḥam |
yulaḥḥam |
tulaḥḥamā |
yulaḥḥamā |
nulaḥḥam |
tulaḥḥamū |
yulaḥḥamū | |||
f | tulaḥḥamī |
tulaḥḥam |
tulaḥḥamā |
tulaḥḥamna |
yulaḥḥamna |
References edit
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “لحم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 92–93
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “لحم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen, page 912
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “لحم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1147
Anagrams edit
South Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
لحم • (laḥm) m (collective, singulative لحمة f (laḥme), paucal لحمات (laḥmāt), plural لحوم (lḥūm))
Usage notes edit
The plural لحوم (lḥūm) is used referring to different types of meat.