वृ
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
- ৱৃ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬺ (Balinese script)
- বৃ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾 (Brahmi script)
- ဝၖ (Burmese script)
- વૃ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍃 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦽ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑃂 (Kaithi script)
- ವೃ (Kannada script)
- វ្ឫ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
- വൃ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘵 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺 (Newa script)
- ଵୃ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢺ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴 (Siddham script)
- වෘ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦 (Takri script)
- வ்ரி (Tamil script)
- వృ (Telugu script)
- วฺฤ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (“to cover”), and related to Latin operiō (“to cover, shut”), Lithuanian suvérti (“to shut”).[1]
Older theories derived the root from Proto-Indo-Aryan *war-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *war-, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover, envelop”), and connected the root to Scottish Gaelic fearann (“estate, land”), Avestan 𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬛𐬥𐬁 (uardnā, “cover, envelope”). Other theories connected the root to Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, coil”).[2] These two Indo-European roots may have semantically influenced and merged with the Sanskrit (though Mayrhofer and Rix seem to reconstruct the *welH- as *wel- instead).[3]
Alternative forms edit
- वर् (var)
Root edit
वृ • (vṛ)
- to cover, screen, veil, conceal, hide, surround, obstruct
- to close (a door)
- to ward off, check, keep back, prevent, hinder, restrain
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “वृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 1007/1-2.
- William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 162
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 555-6
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 512-3
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 228: “Im Ved. ist *Hu̯er- mit l .*u̯el- 'einschließen' und 1 .*u̯er- 'aufhalten, wehren' zusammengefallen;”
Etymology 2 edit
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, to want”). Cognate with Latin volo (“to wish, want”), English will.[1]
Alternative forms edit
- वर् (var)
Root edit
वृ • (vṛ)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “वृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1007/3.
- William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 163
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 511-2