सह्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সহ্ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬳ᭄ (Balinese script)
সহ্ (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰮𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀳𑁆 (Brahmi script)
သဟ် (Burmese script)
સહ્ (Gujarati script)
ਸਹ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌹𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦲ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂯𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಸಹ್ (Kannada script)
សហ៑ (Khmer script)
ສຫ຺ (Lao script)
സഹ് (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠᡥ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘮𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᠾ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧎𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐴𑑂 (Newa script)
ସହ୍ (Odia script)
ꢱꢲ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆲𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖮𑖿 (Siddham script)
සහ් (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑪂 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚩𑚶 (Takri script)
ஸஹ் (Tamil script)
సహ్ (Telugu script)
สหฺ (Thai script)
ས་ཧ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒯𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨱𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, posess, overcome, overpower”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔχω (ékhō, “have, possess, hold”), σχῆμᾰ (skhêma, “form, shape, figure”), σχολή (skholḗ, “leisure, free time; philosophy”) whence Latin schola (“leisure time for learning, schooltime, school”); Latin sēverus (“severe, strict, harsh”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐɦ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐɦ/

Root

सह् • (sah)

to prevail, be victorious, overcome, vanquish
to conquer, defeat
to master, suppress, restrain
to be able, capable
to endure, resist, suffer, tolerate

Derived terms

सहते (sahate)
सहत् (sahat)
सहमान (sahamāna)
सहस् (sahas)
सह्यामि (sahyāmi)
साह (sāha)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “सह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1192/3.
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 184
Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “सह्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 717-8
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “सह्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press

Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 278, 281
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 515
Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0888, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0888