回む

Old Japanese

Kanji in this term
回
た Grade: 2
irregular

Alternative spellings
廻む 迂む

Etymology

Appears to be cognate with 玉 (tama, “ball, bead”) and modern Japanese 訛む (damu, “to speak hoarsely, or with an accent”).

Verb

回む (tamu) (kana たむ)

1. to turn around, go around
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 1, poem 58:

     何所爾可船泊爲良武安禮乃埼榜多味行之棚無小舟

     iduku ni ka punapate suramu Are-no₂-saki₁ ko₂gi₁tami₂ yuki₁si tana nasi wopune

     Where is it going to berth? A little dugout canoe which rowed and went around the cape of Are.

2. to bend
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 11, poem 2363:

     岡前多未足道乎人莫通在乍毛公之來曲道爲

     woka-saki₁ no tami₂taru mi₁ti wo pi₁to₂ na kayo₁pi₁ so₂ aritutu mo ki₁mi₁ ga ki₁ masamu yo₂ki₂mi₁ti ni semu

     A bending road in front of the hill; don't pass through here by the others forever. I want to make it a secret path where you will come.

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "回む" (マ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	回み	たみ	tami
Continuative (連用形)	回み	たみ	tami
Terminal (終止形)	回む	たむ	tamu
Attributive (連体形)	回むる	たむる	tamuru
Realis (已然形)	回むれ	たむれ	tamure
Imperative (命令形)	回みよ	たみよ	tamiyo
Key constructions
Negative	回みず	たみず	tamizu
Contrasting conjunction	回むれど	たむれど	tamuredo
Causal conjunction	回むれば	たむれば	tamureba
Conditional conjunction	回みば	たみば	tamiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	回みき	たみき	tamiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	回みけり	たみけり	tamikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	回みつ	たみつ	tamitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	回みぬ	たみぬ	taminu
Perfect-continuative tense	回みたり	たみたり	tamitari
Volitional	回みむ	たみむ	tamimu