willow | province; prefecture; state province; prefecture; state; county | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (柳州) | 柳 | 州 | |
simp. #(柳州) | 柳 | 州 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 柳 | 州 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 章 (23) |
Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) |
Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | III | III |
Fanqie | 力久切 | 職流切 |
Baxter | ljuwX | tsyuw |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/lɨuX/ | /t͡ɕɨu/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/liuX/ | /t͡ɕiu/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/liəuX/ | /t͡ɕiəu/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/luwX/ | /cuw/ |
Li Rong |
/liuX/ | /t͡ɕiu/ |
Wang Li |
/lĭəuX/ | /t͡ɕĭəu/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/li̯ə̯uX/ | /t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
liǔ | zhōu |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
lau5 | zau1 |
柳州